Apparatus for monitoring uterine contractions
An apparatus ( 10 ) is for use in monitoring uterine contractions. Means are provided for separately detecting ( 18 ) solid (e.g. flush) contact of at least a portion of a sensor unit ( 14 ) of the apparatus on the abdomen, and for a detecting ( 20 ) an initial starting pressure, or a baseline pressure, between the sensor unit and the abdomen. A controller ( 24 ) is arranged to first sense contact of said at least portion of the sensor unit on the abdomen, and then responsive to the contact detection, detect the starting pressure using an integrated pressure sensor. The same pressure sensor is preferably used for monitoring the uterine contractions. The starting pressure provides a direct or indirect measure or indication of the tension of a belt which is arranged in use to hold the apparatus against the abdomen of the subject. By sensing the starting pressure, for example directly responsive to abdomen contact being sensed, this initial pressure value, or derivative therefore, can be used as a direct or indirect indication of the belt tension.
1 . An apparatus for monitoring uterine contractions of a subject, the apparatus comprising:
a sensor for placement against an abdomen of the subject, the sensor comprising:
a contact sensor configured to detect an engagement between a contact surface of the sensor and the abdomen of the subject; and
a force or pressure sensor configured to detect a force or pressure between the abdomen and the sensor;
a belt component configured to hold the contact surface of the sensor in place against the abdomen; and
a controller, configured to perform a procedure comprising:
receive an indication of engagement between the contact surface of the sensor and the abdomen from the contact sensor,
responsive to receiving said indication, acquiring a measure of a starting pressure or force between the abdomen and the sensor using the force or pressure sensor, and
determining whether a tension or application force of the belt component is in an optimum range by comparing said starting pressure or force between the abdomen and the sensor with at least one pre-defined reference range.
2 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , the controller further configured to generate an information output indicative of whether the belt tension is within the optimum range, and communicating the output to a user output device.
3 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to monitor uterine contractions based on an output of the force or pressure sensor.
4 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the monitoring the uterine contractions is performed conditionally upon the belt tension being within the optimum range.
5 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, responsive to a determination that the tension force of the belt component is not within the optimum range, the controller is configured to generate an output for communication to a user output device for alerting a user.
6 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sensor further comprises an optical sensor arrangement comprising a light source configured to direct a light output from said contact surface into the skin of the subject and a light detector configured to detect said light output at the contact surface after passage through the skin, and wherein the detection of the engagement between the contact surface of the sensor and the abdomen of the subject is based on an output of the light detector.
7 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the detection of the engagement between the contact surface of the sensor and the abdomen is based on detection at the light detector of the light output generated by the light source.
8 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the detection of the engagement between the contact surface of the sensor and the abdomen is based on a drop in the detected light intensity indicative of a change from exposure of the light detector to ambient light to a covering of the light detector by a surface of the abdomen.
9 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the light detector is tuned so as to be saturated when exposed to ambient light, and wherein the detection of the engagement between the contact surface of the sensor and the abdomen is based on a change in the output of the light detector from a state of saturation to a state of non-saturation.
10 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the optical sensor arrangement comprises a PPG sensor, and wherein the controller is adapted to determine a pulse of the subject using an output of the PPG sensor.
11 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the contact sensor is provided by the same component as the force or pressure sensing means, and wherein engagement is detected based on detecting a change in the measured force or pressure exceeding a pre-defined threshold.
12 . A method for initializing or configuring an apparatus for monitoring uterine contractions of a subject,
the apparatus comprisingg:
a sensor for placement against an abdomen of the subject, the sensor comprising:
a contact sensor configured to detect an engagement between a contact surface of the sensor and the abdomen of the subject; and
a force or pressure sensor configured to detect a force or pressure between the abdomen and the sensor; and
a belt component configured to hold the contact surface of the sensor in place against the abdomen;
a controller adapted to perform the method,
the method comprising:
detecting engagement between the contact surface of the sensor and the abdomen,
responsive to said detection, acquiring a measure of a starting pressure or force between the abdomen and the sensor using the force or pressure sensor, and
determining whether a tension or application force of the belt component is in an optimum range by comparing said starting pressure or force with at least one pre-defined reference range.
13 . The method as claimed in claim 12 , further comprising monitoring uterine contractions based on an output of the force or pressure sensor, wherein the monitoring the uterine contractions is performed conditionally upon a determination that the belt tension lies within the optimum range.
14 . The method as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the detecting engagement between the contact surface of the sensor and the abdomen comprises:
sensing light received at the contact surface using a light detector, and
detecting the engagement based on an output of the light detector.
15 . A non-transitory computer program product comprising code means configured, when executed on a processor, to cause the processor to perform the method in accordance with claim 12 , wherein the method utilizes the apparatus.