Patient-specific medical systems, devices, and methods
Systems and methods for designing and implementing patient-specific surgical procedures and/or medical devices are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method includes receiving a patient data set of a patient. The patient data set is compared to a plurality of reference patient data sets, wherein each of the plurality of reference patient data sets is associated with a corresponding reference patient. A subset of the plurality of reference patient data sets is selected based, at least partly, on similarity to the patient data set and treatment outcome of the corresponding reference patient. Based on the selected subset, at least one surgical procedure or medical device design for treating the patient is generated.
1 . A robotic surgical platform for assisting with a patient-specific surgical plan, the robotic surgical platform comprising:
a surgical robot including one or more articulatable arms each having one or more end effectors each configured to hold a respective surgical instrument; and
a control module having at least one processor and a memory, wherein the memory includes machine-readable instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the robotic surgical platform to—
receive the patient-specific implant surgical plan, wherein the patient-specific surgical implant plan includes surgical procedure data defining a planned surgical procedure for implanting a patient-specific implant in a patient to achieve a preplanned anatomical correction,
analyze the surgical procedure data to determine whether the surgical robot is capable of using the one or more articulatable arms to perform one or more surgical steps of the planned surgical procedure, and
in response to determining that the robotic surgical platform is capable of using the one or more articulatable arms to perform one or more surgical steps of the planned surgical procedure, generate operative instructions that, when executed by the robotic surgical platform, cause the surgical robot to perform the one or more surgical steps.
2 . The robotic surgical platform of claim 1 wherein the one or more articulatable arms having the one or more end effectors include:
a first arm having a first end effector configured to be releasably coupling to an imaging instrument; and
a second arm having a second end effector configured to be releasably coupling to a surgical tool.
3 . The robotic surgical platform of claim 1 wherein the one or more surgical steps include one or more of preparing tissue for an incision, making an incision, making a resection, manipulating tissue, delivering the patient-specific implant to a target site, and/or securing the patient-specific implant at the target site.
4 . The robotic surgical platform of claim 1 wherein the surgical procedure data includes:
a first virtual model of the patient's pre-surgical anatomy;
a second virtual model of the patient's planned post-surgical anatomy that includes the preplanned anatomical correction;
a third virtual model of the patient-specific implant for achieving the preplanned anatomical correction; and
a target implant site within the patient for the patient-specific implant to be implanted at.
5 . The robotic surgical platform of claim 4 wherein the surgical procedure data further includes one or more dimensions of the patient-specific implant.
6 . The robotic surgical platform of claim 1 wherein the machine-readable instructions, when executed, further cause the robotic surgical platform to display, for user review, the one or more surgical steps of the surgical procedure that the robotic surgical platform is capable of assisting with.
7 . The robotic surgical platform of claim 6 wherein displaying the one or more surgical steps includes displaying a virtual simulation of the robotic surgical platform performing the one or more surgical steps.
8 . The robotic surgical platform of claim 1 , further comprising:
a simulation module programmed to perform a simulation of the planned surgical procedure performed by the surgical robot,
wherein the operation of generating the operative instructions includes generating the operative instructions based on the simulation.
9 . The robotic surgical platform of claim 1 wherein the machine-readable instructions, when executed, further cause the robotic surgical platform to:
obtain a virtual three-dimensional model of anatomy of the patient; and
simulate the one or more surgical steps based on the surgical procedure data and functionality of the surgical robot.
10 . The robotic surgical platform of claim 1 , further comprising one or more imaging instruments configured to capture data for performing the one or more surgical steps using a surgical tool held by one of the one or more articulatable arms.
11 . The robotic surgical platform of claim 1 wherein the machine-readable instructions, when executed, further cause the robotic surgical platform to store the operative instructions.
12 . A computer-implemented method for providing patient-specific medical care using a robotic surgical platform, the method comprising:
receiving a patient-specific implant surgical plan, wherein the patient-specific implant surgical plan includes surgical procedure data defining a planned surgical procedure for implanting a patient-specific implant in a patient to achieve a preplanned anatomical correction;
analyzing the surgical procedure data to determine whether a surgical robot of the robotic surgical platform is capable of performing one or more surgical steps of the planned surgical procedure, wherein the surgical robot includes one or more articulatable arms each having one or more end effectors each configured to hold a respective surgical instrument; and
in response to determining that the surgical robot is capable of performing the one or more surgical steps of the planned surgical procedure, generating operative instructions that, when executed by the robotic surgical platform, cause the robotic surgical platform to perform the one or more surgical steps using the one or more articulatable arms.
13 . The computer-implemented method of claim 12 , further comprising storing the operative instructions for retrieval by the robotic surgical platform.
14 . The computer-implemented method of claim 12 , further comprising executing the operative instructions in an operative setting to cause the robotic surgical platform to manipulate at least one of the one or more arms of the surgical robot to perform the one or more surgical steps, wherein the one or more surgical steps include one or more of preparing tissue for an incision, making an incision, making a resection, manipulating tissue, delivering the patient-specific implant to a target site, and/or securing the patient-specific implant at the target site.
15 . The computer-implemented method of claim 14 , further comprising:
before executing the operative instructions, identifying an instrument held by the one or more end effectors;
checking that the identified instrument is appropriate for performing the one or more surgical steps;
in response to determining that the identified instrument is appropriate, proceeding with executing the operative instructions; and
in response to determining that the identified instrument is incorrect, generating an alert.
16 . The computer-implemented method of claim 15 wherein checking that the identified instrument is appropriate includes comparing the identified instrument to the patient-specific implant surgical plan.
17 . The computer-implemented method of claim 12 wherein the surgical procedure data includes:
a first virtual model of the patient's pre-surgical anatomy;
a second virtual model of the patient's planned post-surgical anatomy that includes the preplanned anatomical correction;
a third virtual model of the patient-specific implant for achieving the preplanned anatomical correction; and
a target implant site within the patient for the patient-specific implant to be implanted at.
18 . The computer-implemented method of claim 12 , further comprising displaying, for user review, a virtual simulation of the robotic surgical platform performing the one or more surgical steps.
19 . The computer-implemented method of claim 12 wherein the robotic surgical platform includes a control module, and wherein the operations of receiving, analyzing, and generating are performed by the control module.
20 . The computer-implemented method of claim 12 wherein the preplanned anatomical correction includes manipulating a spatial relationship between at least two vertebrae of the patient.
21 . A computer-implemented method of providing patient-specific medical, the method comprising:
creating a patient-specific surgical plan for a patient, the patient-specific surgical plan including a patient-specific procedure for implanting a patient-specific implant at a target location within the patient to achieve a preplanned anatomical correction, wherein the patient-specific surgical plan further includes—
a first virtual model of the patient's pre-surgical anatomy,
a second virtual model of the patient's planned post-surgical anatomy that includes the preplanned anatomical correction,
a third virtual model of the patient-specific implant for achieving the preplanned anatomical correction, and
a target implant site within the patient for the patient-specific implant to be implanted at;
identifying, based on the patient-specific surgical plan, one or more surgical steps of the patient-specific procedure to be performed by a robotic surgical platform; and
generating operative instructions executable by the robotic surgical platform and that, when executed, cause the robotic surgical platform to perform the one or more surgical steps of the patient-specific procedure.
22 . The computer-implemented method of claim 21 , further comprising storing the operative instructions for retrieval by the robotic surgical platform.
23 . The computer-implemented method of claim 21 , further comprising:
receiving information about one or more available robotic surgical platforms before identifying the one or more surgical steps to be performed by the robotic surgical platform,
wherein generating the operative instructions includes generating operative instructions executable by the one or more available robotic surgical platforms.
24 . The computer-implemented method of claim 21 , further comprising:
simulating the robotic surgical platform performing the one or more surgical steps; and
displaying, for user review, the simulation of the robotic surgical platform performing the one or more surgical steps.
25 . The computer-implemented method of claim 21 wherein the one or more surgical steps include one or more of preparing tissue for an incision, making an incision, making a resection, manipulating tissue, delivering the patient-specific implant to a target site, and/or securing the patient-specific implant at the target site.
26 . The computer-implemented method of claim 21 wherein the robotic surgical platform includes a surgical robot having at least a first arm configured to control an imagining instrument and a second arm configured to control a surgical instrument, and wherein generating the operative instructions includes—
generating a first subset of the operative instructions for controlling the first arm to capture image data during the operative procedure; and
generating a second subset of the operative instructions for controlling the second arm to perform the one or more surgical steps based on the captured image data.
27 . The computer-implemented method of claim 21 , further comprising transmitting the operative instructions to the robotic surgical platform for execution.
28 . The computer-implemented method of claim 21 wherein the preplanned anatomical correction includes manipulating a spatial relationship between at least two vertebrae of the patient.