Access control device, access control system, door portion having an access control device, and method for opening a door
An access control device is for a door of a vehicle. The access control device has: an actuation element with an actuator, the actuation element being controllably configured to be brought from a blocking state into a release state and vice-versa; a power supply interface, which is configured to supply the access control device with power; a controller, which is configured to carry out open-loop and/or closed-loop control of a state of the actuation element; and a near-field communication interface, which is configured to read out a digital access authorisation and to transmit the digital access authorisation to the controller. The controller is configured to carry out the open-loop and/or closed-loop control of the state of the actuation element in accordance with a validity of the digital access authorisation. The power supply interface is configured such that a portable energy store is connectable without the use of tools.
1 . An access control device for a door of a vehicle, the access control device comprising:
an actuation element comprising an actuator, the actuation element being controllably configured to be brought from a blocking state into a release state and vice-versa;
a power supply interface, which is configured to supply the access control device with power;
a controller, which is configured to carry out open-loop and/or closed-loop control of a state of the actuation element; and
a near-field communication interface, which is configured to read out a digital access authorisation and to transmit the digital access authorisation to the controller; wherein:
the controller is configured to carry out the open-loop and/or closed-loop control of the state of the actuation element in accordance with a validity of the digital access authorisation,
the power supply interface is configured such that a portable energy store is connectable without the use of tools,
the power supply interface comprises an additional near-field communication interface, which is configured to read out an additional digital access authorisation and to transmit the additional digital access authorisation to the controller, and
the controller is configured to generate a control signal that causes the actuation element to move into the release state or into the blocking state based on a determination that each of the following conditions are met:
the power supply interface is supplied with power by the portable energy store,
the digital access authorisation read via the near-field communication interface is valid, and
the additional digital access authorisation read via the additional near-field communication interface is valid.
2 . The access control device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the access control device further comprises a housing, which forms an interior space,
the controller is arranged in the interior space, and
the power supply interface is arranged on an outer side of the housing facing away from the interior space.
3 . The access control device according to claim 1 , wherein:
both the power supply interface and the near-field communication interface are part of a common operating interface.
4 . The access control device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the power supply interface comprises a holding element, which is configured to hold a portable energy store on the power supply interface so that the power supply interface is supplied with power by the portable energy store.
5 . The access control device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the power supply interface has a recess configured to receive the portable energy store.
6 . The access control device according to claim 5 , wherein additional near-field communication interface is arranged within the recess.
7 . The access control device according to claim 6 , wherein the power supply interface includes two electrically conductive contacts arranged coaxially to one another and arranged in the recess.
8 . The access control device according to claim 7 , wherein the power supply interface and the portable energy store each include a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet of the power supply interface being arranged within the recess and configured to receive the permanent magnet of the portable energy store so as to cause the portable energy store to be received within the recess by action of a magnetic force.
9 . The access control device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the power supply interface or the near-field communication interface are each visually identified for a user.
10 . The access control device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the actuation element is configured such that it can be switched bistable or monostable.
11 . The access control device according to claim 10 , wherein:
the actuation element is configured such that it can be switched monostable, and
the access control device further comprises a capacitor configured to temporarily supply the actuation element with electrical power, so that the actuation element is configured to remain in an unstable state for a predefined period of time in a condition where the power supply interface is not supplied with power.
12 . An access control system for doors of an aircraft, the access control system comprising:
the access control device according to claim 1 ;
a portable authorisation unit, on which a digital access authorisation for the near-field communication interface of the access control device is retrievably stored; and
a portable energy store, which is configured to supply the access control device with power via the power supply interface.
13 . A door portion of a vehicle, the door portion comprising:
a door;
a door frame;
a door lock, which is configured to lock the door in a closed position in the door frame; and
the access control device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the actuation element is configured to interact with the door lock in such a way that the locking of the door is released or is releasable in a condition where the actuation element is in the release state.
14 . The door portion according to claim 13 , wherein:
the door lock comprises a door handle, with which the door is configured to be locked or released in the door frame depending on a position of the handle
the actuation element is configured to prevent the door handle from being actuated in the blocking state, and
the actuation element is configured to allow the door handle to be actuated in the release state.
15 . The door portion according to claim 13 , wherein:
the door handle comprises a flap pivotable about a pivot shaft,
the door handle is configured such that it can only be brought into a position that unlocks the door in a condition where the flap is pivotable,
the actuation element in the release state allows the flap to be pivoted; and
the actuation element in the blocking state prevents the flap from being pivoted.
16 . A method for opening a closed and locked door of the door portion according to claim 13 , the method comprising:
a) energy-transmitting connection of the portable energy store to the power supply interface; subsequently:
b) signal-transmitting connection of a portable authorisation unit to the near-field communication interface; and subsequently:
c) opening the door.
17 . The access control device according to claim 1 , wherein the portable energy store includes an access authorisation unit, and wherein the additional near-field communication interface is configured to read out the additional digital access authorisation from the access authorisation unit.