Fault diagnosis apparatus based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil

1 . A fault diagnosis apparatus based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil, the fault diagnosis apparatus comprising:

an apparatus housing, an oil extraction apparatus, a fluorescence excitation source, a fluorescence excitation detection apparatus, a fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus, and a display screen, wherein the oil extraction apparatus, the fluorescence excitation source, the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus, and the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus are disposed inside the apparatus housing, and the display screen is disposed on a front panel of the apparatus housing;

wherein the oil extraction apparatus is sealedly connected to the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus and an external transformer oil tank respectively through pipelines, the fluorescence excitation source is connected to the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus through an optical fiber, and the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus is connected to the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus through an optical fiber;

wherein the oil extraction apparatus comprises an air pump and an oil inlet valve; the air pump is configured to extract impurity gas in an internal pipeline of the oil extraction apparatus and impurity gas in a detection cell of the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus; and the oil inlet valve is configured to control an on-state of a flow of the transformer oil from the transformer oil tank into the detection cell of the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus, which is driven by a pressure difference between an oil outlet of the transformer oil tank and the evacuated detection cell;

wherein the fluorescence excitation source comprises a monochromatic optimal wavelength light-emitting diode (LED) excitation light source, the monochromatic optimal wavelength LED excitation light source is configured to emit monochromatic excitation light having an optimal excitation wavelength, and the monochromatic excitation light is used for exciting the transformer oil in the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus to generate fluorescence;

wherein the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus is configured to generate the fluorescence by exciting the transformer oil with the input monochromatic excitation light, and to input the fluorescence into the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus;

wherein the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus comprises a multivariate correction filter group, the multivariate correction filter group is configured to acquire a fluorescence signal emitted by the transformer oil and to perform hardwareization on a multivariate linear regression correction coefficient vector for calculating a concentration of an aromatic hydrocarbon compound, wherein the multivariate linear regression correction coefficient vector for calculating the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound is c=a 1 s 1 +a 2 s 2 + . . . +a n s n +b, where c denotes the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound, a 1 to a n denote regression correction coefficients of fluorescence spectra obtained at a 1st to nth bands, s 1 to s n denote the fluorescence spectra obtained at the 1st to nth bands, and b denotes a biasing coefficient, and the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus is configured to analyze a type of failure of a transformer based on a result of the hardwareization; and

wherein the display screen is configured to display a result acquired and analyzed by the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus.

2 . The fault diagnosis apparatus based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil according to claim 1 , wherein the oil extraction apparatus further comprises an oil outlet valve, an oil extraction pump, a two-way oil inlet, a three-way oil and air drain, an apparatus baseplate, and a mounting bracket, wherein the oil inlet valve, the oil outlet valve, the oil extraction pump, and the air pump are fixedly mounted on the apparatus baseplate;

wherein the two-way oil inlet and the three-way oil and air drain are fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on the apparatus baseplate;

wherein the oil extraction pump is configured to extract the detected transformer oil from the detection cell of the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus;

wherein the air pump is configured to extract impurity gas in an internal pipeline of the oil extraction apparatus and impurity gas in the detection cell of the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus;

wherein a first end of the oil inlet valve is connected to an oil outlet of the transformer oil tank, a second end of the oil inlet valve is connected to a first end of the two-way oil inlet, and a second end of the two-way oil inlet is connected to an oil inlet of the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus; and

wherein a first end of the oil extraction pump is connected to a first port of the three-way oil and air drain, a second end of the oil extraction pump is connected to an oil outlet of the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus, a second port of the three-way oil and air drain is connected to a first end of the oil outlet valve, a second end of the oil outlet valve is connected to an oil inlet of the transformer oil tank, and a third port of the three-way oil and air drain is connected to an end of the air pump.

3 . The fault diagnosis apparatus based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil according to claim 2 , wherein the fluorescence excitation source further comprises a fluorescence excitation darkroom, a converging lens, an optical fiber head, and a first optical fiber interface, wherein the monochromatic optimal wavelength LED excitation light source, the converging lens, and the optical fiber head are each fixedly disposed inside the fluorescence excitation darkroom, the converging lens is disposed between the monochromatic optimal wavelength LED excitation light source and the optical fiber head, and a centerline of the monochromatic optimal wavelength LED excitation light source, a centerline of the converging lens, and a centerline of the first optical fiber interface are in one straight line.

4 . The fault diagnosis apparatus based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil according to claim 3 , wherein the fluorescence excitation source further comprises an excitation light source mounting bracket and a lens mounting bracket;

wherein the excitation light source mounting bracket is fixedly disposed on an internal baseplate of the fluorescence excitation darkroom, and the monochromatic optimal wavelength LED excitation light source is mounted on the excitation light source mounting bracket; the lens mounting bracket is fixedly disposed on the internal baseplate of the fluorescence excitation darkroom, and the converging lens is embedded in the lens mounting bracket; and

wherein the first optical fiber interface is fixedly disposed on a sidewall outside the fluorescence excitation darkroom, and the optical fiber head is cooperatively connected to the first optical fiber interface.

5 . The fault diagnosis apparatus based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil according to claim 1 , wherein the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus comprises a detection cell darkroom, the detection cell, a reference cell, an excitation light emission optical fiber probe, a fluorescence receiving optical fiber probe, an optical fiber head mover, an excitation light transmission optical fiber head, a fluorescence receiving optical fiber head, an excitation light transmission optical fiber interface, and a fluorescence receiving optical fiber interface, wherein the detection cell and the reference cell are disposed side by side at a bottom of the detection cell darkroom, the detection cell is a container provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet and configured to contain the to-be-detected transformer oil, and the reference cell is a closed container and configured to contain a calibrated standard solution;

wherein the excitation light transmission optical fiber interface and the fluorescence receiving optical fiber interface are disposed on an outer top of the detection cell darkroom, a first end of the excitation light transmission optical fiber interface and a first end of the fluorescence receiving optical fiber interface are connected to the fluorescence excitation source and the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus respectively, a second end of the excitation light transmission optical fiber interface is connected to a first end of the excitation light transmission optical fiber head disposed inside the detection cell darkroom, a second end of the fluorescence receiving optical fiber interface is connected to a first end of the fluorescence receiving optical fiber head disposed inside the detection cell darkroom, a second end of the excitation light transmission optical fiber head is connected to the excitation light emission optical fiber probe, and a second end of the fluorescence receiving optical fiber head is connected to the fluorescence receiving optical fiber probe; and

wherein the optical fiber head mover is disposed above the detection cell and the reference cell which are disposed inside the detection cell darkroom, the excitation light emission optical fiber probe and the fluorescence receiving optical fiber probe are disposed on two sides of the optical fiber head mover respectively, and the optical fiber head mover drives the excitation light emission optical fiber probe and the fluorescence receiving optical fiber probe simultaneously to switch between the detection cell and the reference cell.

6 . The fault diagnosis apparatus based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil according to claim 5 , wherein an included angle between an optical path of the excitation light emission optical fiber probe and an optical path of the fluorescence receiving optical fiber probe is 90°.

7 . The fault diagnosis apparatus based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil according to claim 5 , wherein the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus further comprises an oil inlet pipeline and an oil outlet pipeline; and a side of the detection cell is formed with the oil inlet and the oil outlet, a first end of the oil inlet pipeline is connected to the oil inlet of the detection cell in a sealed manner, a second end of the oil inlet pipeline extends out of the detection cell darkroom, a first end of the oil outlet pipeline is connected to the oil outlet of the detection cell in a sealed manner, and a second end of the oil outlet pipeline extends out of the detection cell darkroom.

8 . The fault diagnosis apparatus based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil according to claim 7 , wherein the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus further comprises a stepper motor, the optical fiber head mover comprises a sliding block and a sliding rod, and the excitation light emission optical fiber probe and the fluorescence receiving optical fiber probe are disposed on left and right sides of the sliding block of the optical fiber head mover respectively; and

wherein the stepper motor is disposed on a backplane of the detection cell darkroom, and the stepper motor is configured to drive the sliding block of the optical fiber head mover to slide back and forth on the sliding rod so that the excitation light emission optical fiber probe and the fluorescence receiving optical fiber probe are simultaneously driven to switch between the detection cell and the reference cell.

9 . The fault diagnosis apparatus based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil according to claim 5 , wherein the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus further comprises a fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom, a fluorescence detector, a filter wheel, a second optical fiber head, and a second optical fiber interface, wherein the fluorescence detector and the filter wheel are disposed inside the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom;

wherein the multivariate correction filter group is formed by combining a pair of a positive multivariate correction filter and a negative multivariate correction filter used in conjunction, the multivariate correction filter group is mounted on the filter wheel, and the filter wheel is rotatably disposed between the fluorescence detector and the second optical fiber head; the second optical fiber head is disposed on an internal sidewall of the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom, the second optical fiber interface is disposed on a sidewall outside the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom, and the second optical fiber head is cooperatively connected to the second optical fiber interface;

wherein the fluorescence receiving optical fiber interface is connected to the second optical fiber interface through an optical fiber;

wherein the fluorescence detector is configured to receive the fluorescence signal emitted by the transformer oil and record a total fluorescence intensity value, and the multivariate correction filter group is configured to acquire and analyze the fluorescence signal emitted by the transformer oil; and

wherein, when the multivariate correction filter group is in use, the positive multivariate correction filter or the negative multivariate correction filter is rotated in place so that a centerline of the second optical fiber head, one of a centerline of the positive multivariate correction filter or a centerline of the negative multivariate correction filter, and a centerline of a receiving lens of the fluorescence detector are in one straight line, and the fluorescence emitted by the transformer oil passes sequentially through the second optical fiber interface, the second optical fiber head, one of the positive multivariate correction filter or the negative multivariate correction filter, and the receiving lens of the fluorescence detector.

10 . The fault diagnosis apparatus based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil according to claim 9 , wherein the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus further comprises a filter wheel drive motor, a fluorescence detector mounting bracket, and a filter wheel drive motor mounting bracket, wherein the fluorescence detector mounting bracket is disposed on an internal baseplate of the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom, and the fluorescence detector is fixedly mounted on the fluorescence detector mounting bracket;

wherein the fluorescence detector mounting bracket is formed with a through hole which cooperates with the receiving lens of the fluorescence detector, and the receiving lens of the fluorescence detector is aligned with the through hole; and

wherein the filter wheel drive motor is fixedly mounted on the filter wheel drive motor mounting bracket, the filter wheel drive motor mounting bracket is disposed on the internal baseplate of the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom, the filter wheel sleeves a rotating shaft of the filter wheel drive motor, and the filter wheel drive motor is configured to drive the filter wheel to rotate.

11 . A fault diagnosis method based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil, applied to a fault diagnosis apparatus, wherein the fault diagnosis apparatus comprises: an apparatus housing, an oil extraction apparatus, a fluorescence excitation source, a fluorescence excitation detection apparatus, a fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus, and a display screen, wherein the oil extraction apparatus is sealedly connected to the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus and an external transformer oil tank respectively through pipelines;

wherein the oil extraction apparatus comprises an air pump and an oil inlet valve, the fluorescence excitation source comprises a monochromatic optimal wavelength light-emitting diode (LED) excitation light source, and the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus comprises a multivariate correction filter group; and

wherein the method comprises:

extracting, by the air pump, impurity gas in an internal pipeline of the oil extraction apparatus and impurity gas in a detection cell of the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus, and controlling, by the oil inlet valve, an on-state of a flow of the transformer oil from the transformer oil tank into the detection cell of the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus, which is driven by a pressure difference between an oil outlet of the transformer oil tank and the evacuated detection cell;

emitting, by the monochromatic optimal wavelength LED excitation light source, monochromatic excitation light having an optimal excitation wavelength, and the monochromatic excitation light is used for exciting the transformer oil in the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus to generate fluorescence;

generating, by the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus, the fluorescence by exciting the transformer oil with the input monochromatic excitation light, and inputting, by the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus, the fluorescence into the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus;

acquiring, by the multivariate correction filter group, a fluorescence signal emitted by the transformer oil, and performing, by the multivariate correction filter group, hardwareization on a multivariate linear regression correction coefficient vector for calculating a concentration of an aromatic hydrocarbon compound, wherein the multivariate linear regression correction coefficient vector for calculating the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound is c=a 1 s 1 +a 2 s 2 + . . . +a n s n +b, where c denotes the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound, a 1 to a n denote regression correction coefficients of fluorescence spectra obtained at a 1st to nth bands, s 1 to s n denote the fluorescence spectra obtained at the 1st to nth bands, and b denotes a biasing coefficient;

analyzing, by the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus, a type of failure of a transformer based on a result of the hardwareization; and

displaying, by the display screen, a result acquired and analyzed by the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis apparatus.

12 . The fault diagnosis method based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil according to claim 11 , wherein the oil extraction apparatus further comprises an oil outlet valve and an oil extraction pump, and wherein a working process of the oil extraction apparatus comprises:

evacuating the internal pipeline of the oil extraction apparatus and the detection cell, wherein evacuating the internal pipeline of the oil extraction apparatus and the detection cell comprises: closing the oil inlet valve and the oil outlet valve, configuring the oil extraction pump to be in a normally-on mode, starting the air pump to evacuate the internal pipeline of the oil extraction apparatus and the detection cell, and configuring the oil extraction pump to be in a closed mode and closing the air pump after evacuation is completed;

inputting the transformer oil into the detection cell, wherein inputting the transformer oil into the detection cell comprises: opening the oil inlet valve to enable the transformer oil from the transformer oil tank into the detection cell according to the pressure difference between the oil outlet of the transformer oil tank and the evacuated detection cell, and closing the oil inlet valve after oil input is completed; and

backfilling the transformer oil into the transformer oil tank, wherein backfilling the transformer oil into the transformer oil tank comprises: opening the oil outlet valve after detection is completed, configuring the air pump to be in a closed mode, and starting the oil extraction pump to extract the transformer oil from the detection cell and press the transformer oil back into the transformer oil tank.

13 . The fault diagnosis method based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil according to claim 11 , wherein the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus comprises a detection cell darkroom, the detection cell, a reference cell, an excitation light emission optical fiber probe, a fluorescence receiving optical fiber probe, an optical fiber head mover, an excitation light transmission optical fiber head, a fluorescence receiving optical fiber head, an excitation light transmission optical fiber interface, and a fluorescence receiving optical fiber interface;

wherein the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus is configured to detect a fluorescence spectrum intensity value of the transformer oil in the following manner:

moving the optical fiber head mover above the detection cell, wherein excitation light is incident into the detection cell through the excitation light transmission optical fiber interface, the excitation light transmission optical fiber head, and the excitation light emission optical fiber probe in sequence and excites the transformer oil in the detection cell to generate the fluorescence; and

transmitting the excited fluorescence out through the fluorescence receiving optical fiber probe, the fluorescence receiving optical fiber head, and the fluorescence receiving optical fiber interface in sequence, and measuring, by a fluorescence detector, a fluorescence spectrum intensity value of the transformer oil under a current external condition; and multiplying the fluorescence spectrum intensity value of the transformer oil under the current external condition by a calibration coefficient of the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus to obtain the true fluorescence spectrum intensity value of the transformer oil.

14 . The fault diagnosis method based on fluorescence multivariate correction analysis of transformer oil according to claim 13 , wherein the calibration coefficient of the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus is determined in the following manner:

measuring a fluorescence spectrum intensity value of the standard solution under a standard condition and a fluorescence spectrum intensity value of the standard solution under the current external condition and moving the optical fiber head mover above the reference cell, wherein the excitation light is incident into the reference cell through the excitation light transmission optical fiber interface, the excitation light transmission optical fiber head, and the excitation light emission optical fiber probe in sequence and excites the standard solution in the reference cell to generate fluorescence; and

transmitting the excited fluorescence out through the fluorescence receiving optical fiber probe, the fluorescence receiving optical fiber head, and the fluorescence receiving optical fiber interface in sequence and measuring, by the fluorescence detector, a fluorescence spectrum intensity value of the standard solution, wherein the fluorescence spectrum intensity value P s_s of the standard solution measured under the standard condition is equal to s s_s ·t, the fluorescence spectrum intensity value P s_c of the standard solution measured under the current external condition is equal to s s_c ·t, and the calibration coefficient R of the fluorescence excitation detection apparatus is equal to P s_s /P s_c , wherein s s_s denotes a fluorescence spectrum of the standard solution measured under the standard condition, s s_c denotes a fluorescence spectrum of the standard solution measured under the current external condition, and t denotes a transmittance of a filter of the fluorescence detector.