Method and control arrangement for mass scale production testing of secondary cells
The present disclosure pertains to testing of rechargeable cells for use in batteries arranged in electrical vehicles. According to a first aspect the disclosure relates to method for evaluating cell health of secondary cells 1 in mass scale production testing. The method comprises obtaining manufacturing data (i.e. data analysis 41 ) and generating scanning data by scanning 42 an inside of the secondary cells. The method further comprises determining cell quality using a prediction algorithm, performing additional testing 43 on a selection of the scanned secondary cells and verifying, based on the additional testing, accuracy of the prediction algorithm. The method thereafter comprises evaluating cell health of the individual cells 1 based on the cell quality determined using the prediction algorithm. The disclosure also relates to a corresponding control arrangement.
1 . A method for evaluating cell health of secondary cells ( 1 ) in mass scale production testing, the method comprising:
obtaining (S 1 ) manufacturing data (d man ) recorded during cell manufacturing and associated with the secondary cells ( 1 ), and
upon the secondary cells ( 1 ) being fully assembled,
generating (S 2 ) scanning data (d scan ) by scanning an inside of, at least a subset of the secondary cells ( 1 ) using a radiation-based scanning technology,
determining (S 3 ) cell quality of the individual secondary cells using a prediction algorithm that predicts cell quality based on obtained manufacturing data (d prod ) and/or the generated scanning data (d scan ),
performing (S 4 ) additional testing using an alternative testing technology having higher reliability than the radiation-based scanning technology, only on a selection of the scanned secondary cells ( 1 ),
verifying (S 5 ), based on the additional testing, that accuracy of the prediction algorithm meets predefined accuracy requirements that must be met in order for the determined cell quality to form a basis for production testing, and
evaluating (S 7 ) cell health of the individual secondary cells ( 1 ) based on the cell quality determined using the prediction algorithm.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the prediction algorithm comprises one or more of:
criteria applicable to identify, based on the scanning data, internal changes in secondary cells associated with cell degradation and/or different types of errors, and
criteria applicable to detect, based on the manufacturing data (d man ), potential manufacturing deviations associated with cell degradation and/or different types of errors.
3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the obtained manufacturing data (d man ) comprises data collected during Formation and Ageing, F&A, slurry production and/or during electrode coating.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the scanning is performed a predetermined time after cells ( 1 ) being fully formatted.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the scanning is performed by a scanner ( 51 ) arranged at a production line.
6 . The method according to claim 5 , wherein cells ( 1 ) selected to undergo additional testing are side streamed on another line, different from the production line.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the selection of secondary cells ( 1 ) selected for additional testing comprises:
high performing cells having scanning data (d scan ) exceeding an acceptance level for passing with a certain margin, and/or
outliers having scanning data (d scan ) within a risk interval just above the acceptance level for passing,
failing cells having scanning data (d scan ) failing to meet the acceptance level for passing with a certain margin, and
suspicious cells having deviating manufacturing data (d man ).
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the verifying (S 5 ) comprises comparing determined cell quality with cell quality determined based on the additional testing.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises:
updating (S 8 ) the prediction algorithm based on cell quality.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the verifying (S 5 ) comprises investigating consequences of deviations in the obtained (S 1 ) manufacturing data.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the radiation-based scanning technology comprises sound, such as ultrasound or echo sound.
12 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
developing (S 0 ) the prediction algorithm based on results from additional testing of secondary cells of different cell quality.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the additional testing comprises one or more of; cell cycling, short circuit testing, over charging testing, nail penetration testing, thermal testing, or CT-scanning.
14 . A control arrangement ( 10 ) configured to perform the method according to claim 1 .