Two-component developer
In a two-component developer, external additive particles of toner particles include resin particles. The resin particles contain a crosslinked resin including a repeating unit derived from a crosslinking agent. Carrier particles each include a carrier core and a coat layer covering a surface of the carrier core. The coat layers contain a coating resin and barium titanate particles. The coating resin includes a silicone resin. The barium titanate particles have a number average primary particle diameter within a range of 100 nm to 500 nm. The barium titanate particles have a content within a range of 5 parts by mass to 45 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the coating resin. A rate of a mass of the coat layers to a mass of the carrier cores is greater than 0.0% by mass and no greater than 4.9% by mass. The carrier cores have a shape factor within a range of 34.0% to 85.0%.
1 . A two-component developer comprising:
a toner containing toner particles; and
a carrier containing carrier particles, wherein
the toner particles each include a toner mother particle and external additive particles provided on a surface of the toner mother particle,
the external additive particles include resin particles,
the resin particles contain a crosslinked resin including a repeating unit derived from a crosslinking agent,
the carrier particles each include a carrier core and a coat layer covering a surface of the carrier core,
the coat layers contain a coating resin and barium titanate particles, the coating resin includes a silicone resin,
the barium titanate particles have a number average primary particle diameter of at least 100 nm and no greater than 500 nm,
the barium titanate particles have a content of at least 5 parts by mass and no greater than 45 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the coating resin,
a rate of a mass of the coat layers to a mass of the carrier cores is greater than 0.0% by mass and no greater than 4.9% by mass,
the carrier particles have a shape factor of at least 34.0 and no greater than 85.0.
2 . The two-component developer according to claim 1 , wherein
the carrier particles satisfy formula (1),
0
.
7
3
≤
F
R
×
AD
/
X
≤
2
.
1
0
(
1
)
where in the formula (1), FR represents a flow rate of the carrier particles, AD represents an apparent density of the carrier particles, and X represents the shape factor of the carrier particles.
3 . The two-component developer according to claim 1 , wherein
the mass of the coat layer is at least 0.10 g/m 2 and no greater than 1.80 g/m 2 per unit area of the surfaces of the carrier cores on the assumption that the carrier cores are true spheres.
4 . The two-component developer according to claim 1 , wherein
the coat layers further contain carbon black particles.
5 . The two-component developer according to claim 1 , wherein
the content of the barium titanate particles is at least 25 parts by mass and no greater than 45 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the coating resin.
6 . The two-component developer according to claim 1 , wherein
the carrier cores have a saturation magnetization of at least 65 emu/g and no greater than 90 emu/g.
7 . The two-component developer according to claim 1 , wherein
the carrier cores have a volume median diameter of at least 20.0 μm and no greater than 60.0 μm.
8 . The two-component developer according to claim 1 , wherein
a rate of a mass of the coating resin to the mass of the carrier cores is greater than 0.0% by mass and no greater than 4.0% by mass.
9 . The two-component developer according to claim 1 , wherein
the carrier particles have a BET specific surface area of at least 0.6 m 2 /g and no greater than 4.7 m 2 /g.
10 . The two-component developer according to claim 1 , wherein
the resin particles have a number average primary particle diameter of at least 30 nm and no greater than 120 nm.
11 . The two-component developer according to claim 1 , wherein
the crosslinked resin contained in the resin particles is a styrene-acrylic resin, and
the repeating unit derived from the crosslinking agent is a repeating unit derived from a compound having two or more vinyl groups.