Antenna array system
The disclosure provides an antenna array system, comprising: a printed circuit board; one or more radio-frequency circuits arranged on a surface of the printed circuit board; a plurality of optical-to-electrical converters electrically coupled to the one or more radio-frequency circuits; and an optical distribution layer arranged over the plurality of optical-to-electrical converters, for distributing one or more optical signals to the plurality of optical-to-electrical converters. The one or more radio-frequency circuits comprise an array of radiating antenna elements, and the optical distribution layer is arranged over a part of the surface of the printed circuit board such that the optical distribution layer does not cover the array of radiating antenna elements.
1 . An antenna array system, comprising:
a printed circuit board;
one or more radio-frequency circuits arranged on a surface of the printed circuit board, the one or more radio-frequency circuits comprising an array of radiating antenna elements;
a plurality of optical-to-electrical converters electrically coupled to the one or more radio-frequency circuits; and
an optical distribution layer arranged over the plurality of optical-to-electrical converters, for distributing one or more optical signals to the plurality of optical-to-electrical converters,
wherein the optical distribution layer is arranged over a part of the surface of the printed circuit board such that the optical distribution layer does not cover the array of radiating antenna elements.
2 . The antenna array system according to claim 1 , wherein the optical distribution layer is arranged at least partially around a periphery of the one or more radio-frequency circuits.
3 . The antenna array system according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more radio-frequency circuits are arranged in a layer between the printed circuit board and the optical distribution layer.
4 . The antenna array system according to claim 1 , wherein the array of radiating antenna elements are arranged in a layer between the printed circuit board and the optical distribution layer.
5 . The antenna array system according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more radio-frequency circuits and the array of radiating antenna elements are arranged in a central region of the surface.
6 . The antenna array system according to claim 1 , wherein the optical distribution layer distributes the one or more optical signals to the plurality of optical-to-electrical converters without the use of optical connectors between the optical distribution layer and the optical-to-electrical converters.
7 . The antenna array system according to claim 1 , wherein the optical distribution layer comprises a plurality of optical waveguides for directing the one or more optical signals towards the optical-to-electrical converters.
8 . The antenna array system according to claim 7 , wherein the optical waveguides are arranged at different distances from the surface of the printed circuit board.
9 . The antenna array system according to claim 7 , wherein the optical waveguides direct the one or more optical signals along a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the printed circuit board in a first part of the optical waveguide, and along a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the printed circuit board in a second part of the optical waveguide.
10 . The antenna array system according to claim 9 , wherein the first part of the optical waveguide is arranged around a periphery of the one or more radio-frequency circuits.
11 . The antenna array system according to claim 7 , wherein the optical waveguides comprise micro-lenses to focus the one or more optical signals at the optical-to-electrical converters.
12 . The antenna array system according to claim 7 , wherein the optical distribution layer comprises a respective optical waveguide for each optical-to-electrical converter.
13 . The antenna array system according to claim 7 , further comprising a fibre attach unit coupling a plurality of optical fibres to the plurality of optical waveguides.
14 . The antenna array system according to claim 7 , wherein the optical waveguides are formed by a localized variation in refractive index of the optical distribution layer.
15 . The antenna array system according to claim 1 , wherein the radiating antenna elements are configured to transmit radio signals having a frequency of at least 90 GHz.
16 . The antenna array system according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more optical signals comprise one or more of: a clock reference signal and a radio-frequency carrier signal.
17 . The antenna array system according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of optical-to-electrical converters are electrically coupled to the one or more radio-frequency circuits-via mixing devices, and wherein the mixing devices are further arranged to receive a baseband signal.
18 . The antenna array system according to claim 1 , comprising a plurality of radio-frequency circuits, and wherein each radio-frequency circuit comprises at least one radiating antenna element.
19 . The antenna array system according to claim 1 , wherein each optical-to-electrical converter is electrically coupled to a single radio-frequency circuit.