Tunable laser having low intra-cavity chromatic aberrations
There is provided a tunable external-cavity laser and a tunable laser source based on such tunable external-cavity laser. The tunable external-cavity laser comprises: two reflective surfaces to form a laser cavity therebetween; an active waveguide for amplifying laser light propagating in the laser cavity; a tunable wavelength-selective filter within the laser cavity for selecting the emission wavelength of the tunable external-cavity laser with in a tuning range; and a collimating lens system for collimating the optical beam out of the active waveguide for propagation in the laser cavity. The collimating lens system comprises an imaging lens and a collimating lens for collimating the optical beam. The imaging lens induces a positive chromatism within the tuning range and the collimating lens comprises a complex lens inducing a negative chromatism within the tuning range so as to at least partially compensate for the positive chromatism induced by the imaging lens.
1 . A tunable laser source based on a tunable external-cavity laser, the tunable laser source comprising:
two reflective surfaces to form a laser cavity therebetween;
an active waveguide for amplifying laser light propagating in the laser cavity;
a tunable wavelength-selective filter within the laser cavity for selecting the emission wavelength of the tunable external-cavity laser within a tuning range;
a collimating lens system for collimating the optical beam out of the active waveguide for propagation in the laser cavity;
wherein said collimating lens system comprises:
an imaging lens defining an image plane, said imaging lens inducing a positive chromatism within said tuning range; and
a collimating lens for collimating the optical beam coming from the image plane, said collimating lens comprising a complex lens inducing a negative chromatism within said tuning range so as to at least partially compensate for the positive chromatism induced by the imaging lens, wherein said collimating lens comprises a doublet lens having a first converging lens element made of a first material having a first constringence and a second diverging lens element made of a second material having a second constringence, wherein a value of said first constringence is greater than that of said second constringence.
2 . The tunable laser source as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the active waveguide comprises a laser diode chip.
3 . The tunable laser source as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the two reflective surfaces comprise a reflective end-face of the laser diode chip and an additional mirror.
4 . The tunable laser source as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the tunable wavelength-selective filter comprises a diffraction grating.
5 . The tunable laser source as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the external cavity is configured in a Littman-Metcalf configuration.
6 . The tunable laser source as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the external cavity is configured in a Littrow configuration.
7 . The tunable laser source as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising an optical beam-splitter for extracting a portion of laser light out of the laser cavity.
8 . The tunable laser source as claimed in claim 7 , further comprising a coupling lens system for coupling the extracted portion of laser out to an output optical fiber, wherein said coupling lens system is substantially achromatic within said tuning range.
9 . The tunable laser source as claimed in claim 7 , further comprising a coupling lens system for coupling the extracted portion of laser out to an output optical fiber, wherein said coupling lens system induces a negative chromatism within said tuning range so as to at least partially compensate for a residual positive chromatism of the collimating lens system.
10 . The tunable laser source as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said imaging lens produces a real image.
11 . The tunable laser source as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said imaging lens produces a virtual image.
12 . The tunable laser source as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said imaging lens comprises a dual-lens system.
13 . A tunable external-cavity laser comprising:
two reflective surfaces to form a laser cavity therebetween;
an active waveguide for amplifying laser light propagating in the laser cavity;
a tunable wavelength-selective filter within the laser cavity for selecting the emission wavelength of the tunable external-cavity laser within a tuning range; and
a collimating lens system for collimating the optical beam out of the active waveguide for propagation in the laser cavity;
wherein said collimating lens system comprises:
an imaging lens defining an image plane, said imaging lens inducing a positive chromatism within said tuning range; and
a collimating lens for collimating the optical beam coming from the image plane, said collimating lens comprising a complex lens inducting a negative chromatism within said tuning range so as to at least partially compensate for the positive chromatism induced by the imaging lens, wherein said collimating lens comprises a doublet lens having a first converging lens element made of a first material having a first constringence and a second diverging lens element made of a second material having a second constringence, wherein a value of said first constringence is greater than that of said second constringence.
14 . The tunable external-cavity laser as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the active waveguide comprises a laser diode chip.
15 . The tunable external-cavity laser as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the two reflective surfaces comprise a reflective end-face of the laser diode chip and an additional mirror.
16 . The tunable external-cavity laser as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the tunable wavelength-selective filter comprises a diffraction grating.
17 . The tunable external-cavity laser as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the external cavity is configured in a Littman-Metcalf configuration.
18 . The tunable external-cavity laser as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the external cavity is configured in a Littrow configuration.