Bessel tube for driving gaseous molecules and nanoparticles into linear motion
A device and method that creates linear motion or acceleration of fine particles and molecules are described. The device includes a plurality of ring electrodes arranged along an axis so that a cylindrical harmonic field is formed when electrical voltage is applied separately to each ring of the plurality of rings cylindrical harmonic field. A method of driving gaseous molecules and nanoparticles in linear motion by operating a device that includes a plurality of ring electrodes arranged along an axis. The method includes providing gaseous molecules or nanoparticles in a high vacuum environment, applying an electrical voltage to each ring of the plurality of rings to form a cylindrical harmonic field that includes a drift axis, and aligning and accelerating the gaseous molecules or nanoparticles along the drift axis for storage, pumping out, or separation of the gaseous molecules or nanoparticles.
1 . A device comprising:
a plurality of ring electrodes arranged along an axis and configured such that, with an electrical voltage applied separately to each ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes a cylindrical harmonic field having equipotential field lines is formed, the cylindrical harmonic field configured to accelerate a charged particle therethrough by consecutive operation of attraction and repulsion forces between the charged particle and electrodes of the plurality of ring electrodes,
wherein an electrical potential of the equipotential field lines is greater than a ground potential along a length of the cylindrical harmonic field.
2 . The device of claim 1 , wherein a same direct current electrical voltage is applied to each ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes.
3 . The device of claim 1 , wherein a direct current electrical voltage applied to a first ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes is different from a direct current electrical voltage that is applied to a second ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes.
4 . The device of claim 1 , wherein, with a direct current electrical voltage applied separately to each ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes, the cylindrical harmonic field is configured to create a drift axis along which the charged particle is aligned and accelerated.
5 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of ring electrodes is further configured such that the electrical voltage is appliable sequentially to electrodes of the plurality of ring electrodes along the axis such that, with the electrical voltage applied sequentially to the electrodes, the cylindrical harmonic field is configured to accelerate a charged particle therethrough is formed parallel to the axis.
6 . The device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a plurality of electrical lead wires connecting a ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes to a power supply, the plurality of electrical lead wires equidistantly spaced along a circumference of the ring electrode.
7 . The device of claim 1 , wherein
a gap is formed between adjacent ring electrodes of the plurality of ring electrodes, and
the gap is configured such that superposition of electric fields of the adjacent ring electrodes occurs in the gap to thereby form a wide field channel.
8 . The device of claim 1 , wherein
a gap is formed between adjacent ring electrodes of the plurality of ring electrodes such that a plurality of gaps respectively corresponding to a number of adjacent ring electrodes is formed, and
the formed equipotential field lines includes:
a plurality of narrow field channels corresponding to ring electrodes of the plurality of ring electrodes, and
a plurality of wide field channels respectively corresponding to the plurality of gaps.
9 . A method of a device that includes a plurality of ring electrodes arranged along an axis, the method comprising:
applying an electrical voltage to each ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes to form a cylindrical harmonic field having equipotential field lines that includes a drift axis, the equipotential field lines having an electrical potential that is greater than a ground potential along a length of the cylindrical harmonic field; and
aligning and accelerating a charged particle in a direction parallel to the drift axis by consecutive operation of attraction and repulsion forces between the charged particle and electrodes of the plurality of ring electrodes.
10 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the charged particle has a pressure of about 10 −7 to about 10 −3 mbar.
11 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the applying the electrical voltage includes applying a same direct current voltage to each ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes.
12 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the applying the electrical voltage includes applying a direct current electrical voltage to a first ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes that is different than a direct current electrical voltage that is applied to a second ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes.
13 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the applying the electrical voltage includes applying a gradually increasing or gradually decreasing direct current electrical voltage to at least one ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes.
14 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the applying the electrical voltage includes applying the electrical voltage sequentially from a first ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes to a last ring electrode of the plurality of ring electrodes.