Window and display apparatus including metal fluoride containing low-refractive layer
A window includes: a substrate; a low-refractive layer disposed on the substrate and including a metal fluoride; a first functional layer disposed on the low-refractive layer, having a thickness of about 5 nm to about 25 nm, and including an oxide; and a second functional layer disposed on the first functional layer and including perfluorinated compound.
1 . A window comprising:
a substrate;
a low-refractive layer disposed on the substrate and including a metal fluoride;
a first functional layer disposed on the low-refractive layer, having a thickness of 5 nm to 25 nm, and including an oxide; and
a second functional layer disposed on the first functional layer and including perfluorinated compound.
2 . The window of claim 1 , wherein the low-refractive layer includes magnesium fluoride.
3 . The window of claim 1 , wherein the low-refractive layer has a refractive index of about 1.2 to about 1.4.
4 . The window of claim 1 , wherein the low-refractive layer has a thickness of 50 nanometers (nm) to 150 nm.
5 . The window of claim 1 , wherein the low-refractive layer has a crystalline structure.
6 . The window of claim 1 , wherein the first functional layer includes a silicon-aluminum oxide.
7 . The window of claim 1 , wherein the first functional layer includes a silicon oxide in which aluminum atoms are employed.
8 . The window of claim 7 , wherein the first functional layer includes a substitution-type solid solution in which some of silicon atoms of the silicon oxide are replaced by the aluminum atoms.
9 . The window of claim 7 , wherein the first functional layer includes a penetration-type solid solution in which the aluminum atoms penetrate a crystalline lattice of the silicon oxide.
10 . The window of claim 1 , wherein the first functional layer includes an aluminum oxide in which silicon atoms are employed.
11 . The window of claim 10 , wherein the first functional layer includes a substitution-type solid solution in which some of aluminum atoms of the aluminum oxide are replaced by the silicon atoms.
12 . The window of claim 1 , wherein the first functional layer has a refractive index of about 1.4 to about 1.6.
13 . The window of claim 1 , wherein the second functional layer has a thickness of 5 nm to 30 nm.
14 . The window of claim 1 , further comprising a third functional layer disposed between the substrate and the low-refractive layer and including an oxide.
15 . The window of claim 14 , wherein the third functional layer includes one of yttrium oxide, magnesium oxide, and aluminum oxide.
16 . The window of claim 14 , wherein a refractive index of the third functional layer is greater than a refractive index of the low-refractive layer.
17 . The window of claim 16 , wherein the third functional layer has a refractive index of about 1.6 to about 1.8.
18 . The window of claim 14 , wherein the third functional layer has a thickness of 5 nm to 30 nm.
19 . The window of claim 1 , wherein, after applying a load of 1 Kg to a surface of the window using an eraser, and reciprocating a distance of 15 millimeters (mm) at a speed of 40 cycles per minute (cycles/min) 6000 times, a contact angle of the surface of the window with respect to water is 95 degrees)(° or more.
20 . A display apparatus comprising:
a display panel; and
a window disposed on the display panel,
wherein the display panel includes:
a display substrate;
a light-emitting element disposed over the display substrate; and
a filter layer disposed on the light-emitting element and including a color filter layer and a light-blocking layer, and
wherein the window includes:
a substrate;
a low-refractive layer disposed on the substrate and including a metal fluoride;
a first functional layer disposed on the low-refractive layer, having a thickness of 5 nm to 25 nm, and including an oxide; and
a second functional layer disposed on the first functional layer and including perfluorinated compound.
21 . The display apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the light-emitting element includes a pixel electrode, an emission layer, and an opposite electrode, and
the display apparatus further includes a pixel-defining layer that defines a first opening exposing at least a portion of the pixel electrode.
22 . The display apparatus of claim 21 , wherein a second opening is defined in the light-blocking layer, wherein the second opening overlaps the first opening.
23 . The display apparatus of claim 22 , wherein at least a portion of the color filter layer is located inside the second opening.
24 . The display apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the low-refractive layer includes magnesium fluoride, have a refractive index of about 1.2 to about 1.4, and have a thickness of 50 nm to 150 nm.
25 . The display apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the first functional layer includes a silicon-aluminum oxide.
26 . The display apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the first functional layer includes a silicon oxide in which aluminum atoms are employed.
27 . The display apparatus of claim 26 , wherein the first functional layer includes a substitution-type solid solution in which some of silicon atoms of the silicon oxide are replaced by the aluminum atoms, or a penetration-type solid solution in which the aluminum atoms penetrate a crystalline lattice of the silicon oxide.
28 . The display apparatus of claim 20 , further comprising a third functional layer disposed between the substrate and the low-refractive layer and including an oxide.
29 . The display apparatus of claim 28 , wherein a refractive index of the third functional layer is greater than a refractive index of the low-refractive layer.
30 . The display apparatus of claim 20 , wherein, after applying a load of 1 Kg to a surface of the window using an eraser, and reciprocating a distance of 15 mm at a speed of 40 cycles/min 6000 times, a contact angle of the surface of the window with respect to water is 95° or more.