Fullerene derivative and production method therefor
A fullerene derivative having a partial structure shown in the following General Formula (1) is provided. (in Formula (1), C*'s are adjacent carbon atoms that form a fullerene framework. Rf 1 and Rf 2 each independently represents a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and Rf 1 and Rf 2 may be linked to each other to form a ring structure).
1 . A fullerene derivative including
a fullerene framework, and
a partial structure represented by the following General Formula (1):
(in Formula (1), C*'s are adjacent carbon atoms that form the fullerene framework, Rf 1 and Rf 2 each independently represents a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and Rf 1 and Rf 2 may be linked to each other to form a ring structure),
wherein Rf 1 and Rf 2 are a trifluoromethyl group.
2 . The fullerene derivative according to claim 1 ,
wherein the fullerene framework is composed of C 60 , C 70 , C 74 , C 76 , or C 78 .
3 . The fullerene derivative according to claim 1 ,
wherein one fullerene framework includes one partial structure represented by Formula (1).
4 . A thin film comprising the fullerene derivative according to claim 1 .
5 . A photoelectric conversion element, comprising:
a first electrode and a second electrode that face each other; and
an organic layer disposed between the two electrodes,
wherein the organic layer contains the fullerene derivative according to claim 1 .
6 . A solid-state imaging device comprising the photoelectric conversion element according to claim 5 .
7 . A method for producing the fullerene derivative according to claim 1 , including
a process of reacting a fullerene and a compound represented by the following Formula (2) in the presence of a base:
(in Formula (2), X represents a halogen atom, and Rf 1 and Rf 2 are the same as those in Formula (1)).
8 . The method for producing a fullerene derivative according to claim 7 ,
wherein the base is at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal hydroxide, a metal carbonate, a metal alkoxide, pyridine, triethylamine, and diazabicycloundecene.
9 . The method for producing a fullerene derivative according to claim 8 ,
wherein the base is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium ethoxide, potassium ethoxide, potassium-tert-butoxide, pyridine, triethylamine, and diazabicycloundecene.
10 . The method for producing a fullerene derivative according to claim 7 ,
wherein X is iodine.
11 . The method for producing a fullerene derivative according to claim 7 ,
wherein the fullerene is C 60 , C 70 , C 74 , C 76 , or C 78 .
12 . The method for producing a fullerene derivative according to claim 7 ,
wherein a phase-transfer catalyst is used in the process of reacting the fullerene and the compound represented by Formula (2).
13 . The method for producing a fullerene derivative according to claim 12 ,
wherein the phase-transfer catalyst is at least one selected from the group consisting of 18-crown-6-ether, 15-crown-5-ether, and polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
14 . The method for producing a fullerene derivative according to claim 7 ,
wherein the process of reacting the fullerene and the compound represented by Formula (2) is performed at a temperature of −50° C. to 50° C.
15 . The method for producing a fullerene derivative according to claim 7 , further including
a process of mixing the fullerene and a solvent before the process of reacting the fullerene and the compound represented by Formula (2).