Coarse particle flotation equipment and method based on coupled fluidization of cyclone and damping

1 . A coarse particle flotation equipment based on a coupled fluidization of cyclone and damping, comprising a flotation column, a raw ore feed pipe being provided in an upper part of the flotation column, wherein

the flotation column is sequentially divided into a mine tailing bottom launder area, a cyclone mineralization area, and a static separation area from bottom to top, wherein a plurality of water-gas mixing jet pipes are obliquely arranged inwardly and upwardly and communicated with an inner cavity of the flotation column, and the plurality of water-gas mixing jet pipes are provided at a side wall of the cyclone mineralization area, jet directions of the plurality of water-gas mixing jet pipes are distributed clockwise or anticlockwise around an axis of the flotation column, and a damping element for reducing a turbulence of a water flow is further provided between the cyclone mineralization area and the static separation area;

the damping element comprises a plurality of damping plates equidistantly distributed in a circumferential direction of an inner ring wall of the flotation column; wherein a height of each of the plurality of damping plates is controlled at 80 mm to 100 mm, and a length of each of the plurality of damping plates is controlled at 0.3 time to 0.5 time a radius of the static separation area;

the cyclone mineralization area is in a shape of an inverted cone with a top diameter larger than a bottom diameter, wherein a cone angle of the cyclone mineralization area is controlled at 20° to 30°, an included angle between an axis of each of the plurality of water-gas mixing jet pipes and a horizontal plane is controlled at 10° to 15°, and an included angle between a first tangent line and a first projection line is controlled at 55° to 65°, wherein

the horizontal plane refers to a plane perpendicular to an axis of the cyclone mineralization area, the first projection line refers to a projection of the axis of each of the plurality of water-gas mixing jet pipes on the horizontal plane, the first tangent line refers to a tangent line passing through a first intersection point and tangent to an excircle contour line of a projection of the cyclone mineralization area on the horizontal plane, and the first intersection point refers to an intersection point of the first projection line and the excircle contour line.

2 . The coarse particle flotation equipment according to claim 1 , wherein a bottom end of the raw ore feed pipe is connected with a raw ore feed distributor.

3 . The coarse particle flotation equipment according to claim 1 , wherein a concentrate overflow launder is provided at a top of the flotation column, and a concentrate discharge pipe is provided on the concentrate overflow launder.

4 . The coarse particle flotation equipment according to claim 3 , wherein a bottom plate of the concentrate overflow launder is lower than a top opening of the static separation area and an included angle between the bottom plate and the axis of the flotation column is 50° to 80°.

5 . The coarse particle flotation equipment according to claim 1 , wherein the mine tailing bottom launder area is in an inverted cone shape, a mine tailing discharge pipe is provided at a bottom of the mine tailing bottom launder area, and an ore discharge solenoid valve is provided on the mine tailing discharge pipe.

6 . The coarse particle flotation equipment according to claim 5 , wherein a pressure sensor is provided in a mine tailing bottom launder, and the pressure sensor and the ore discharge solenoid valve are connected with a pressure sensing control box.

7 . The coarse particle flotation equipment according to claim 1 , further comprising a water-gas mixing cavitation and foaming system, wherein the water-gas mixing cavitation and foaming system comprises a water supply part, a gas supply part, and a water-gas mixing foam generator, wherein

the water supply part comprises a water storage tank, a water inlet ball valve, a water supply variable frequency pump, and a liquid flowmeter, wherein the water storage tank, the water inlet ball valve, the water supply variable frequency pump, and the liquid flowmeter are sequentially connected by a water pipe, and the gas supply part comprises an air compressor, an air inlet valve, a gas storage tank, a gas flow regulating valve, a gas flowmeter, and a pressure gauge, wherein the air compressor, the air inlet valve, the gas storage tank, the gas flow regulating valve, the gas flowmeter, and the pressure gauge are sequentially connected by an air pipe;

the water pipe and the air pipe are communicated with the water-gas mixing foam generator, the water-gas mixing foam generator is communicated with a water-gas mixing loop, and the plurality of water-gas mixing jet pipes are uniformly distributed on an inner ring side of the water-gas mixing loop and communicated with the water-gas mixing loop;

a turn-on frequency of the variable frequency pump is controlled based on a numerical value displayed by the liquid flowmeter to adjust a water inlet flow of the water-gas mixing foam generator; and

an opening of the gas flow regulating valve is controlled based on numerical values displayed by the gas flowmeter and the pressure gauge to adjust an air inlet flow and a pressure of the water-gas mixing foam generator.

8 . A coarse particle flotation method based on a coupled fluidization of cyclone and damping, wherein the coarse particle flotation method uses the coarse particle flotation equipment according to claim 1 , comprising:

passing a water flow rich in bubbles with a predetermined velocity and pressure through the plurality of water-gas mixing jet pipes to be fed into the cyclone mineralization area of the flotation column in a cyclone form to form a cyclone centrifugal force field, and forming a uniform ascending water flow in the static separation area of the flotation column after the turbulence of the water flow is reduced by the damping element;

feeding mineralized and evenly mixed raw ore pulp into the flotation column from the raw ore feed pipe to slowly descend along a whole section of the flotation column after the flotation column is filled with water and the bubbles and stabilized, to gradually form a mineral particle bed layer in the flotation column; and

continuously descending the raw ore pulp to the cyclone mineralization area where a strong turbulence is generated under an action of the cyclone centrifugal force field, particles in the raw ore pulp collide efficiently and adhere with the bubbles to form a gas-solid-liquid three-phase pulp body, a stable gas-liquid composite fluidized bed layer is formed in the static separation area of the flotation column after the bubbles and a rising water flow pass upwardly through the damping element, wherein coarse mineral particles interact with the bubbles and the rising water flow in the gas-liquid composite fluidized bed layer, target minerals continue to rise through a buoyancy of the bubbles and a vertical lift of the rising water flow, and to overflow the flotation column to become a concentrate, while gangue minerals sink in the flotation column and are discharged into a mine tailing through the mine tailing bottom launder area.