System for automatic and remote closure and opening of a door designed for access to an aircraft fuselage, automatic closure method and automatic opening method
A system comprises a support to be secured integrally on the fuselage of an aircraft, an elongate structure which can be displaced in relation to the support, between an extended position and a retracted position, a device for locking and unlocking, in order to bring the locking lever alternately into an unlocking position and a locking position, a device for closure and opening in order to thrust the articulation arm, so as to bring the leaf towards the open position, and to catch on the arm, then to draw the arm in order to bring the leaf towards the closed position, and a control device to transmit orders to command closure or opening of the leaf to the device and orders to command locking or unlocking.
1 . A system for automatic and remote closure and opening of a door designed for an access opening of an aircraft (AC) fuselage, the door comprising a leaf, a frame delimiting the access opening and an articulation arm, the frame being secured integrally on the fuselage and having two uprights, the leaf configured to be alternately in a closed position, when the leaf closes the access opening, and an open position, when the leaf leaves the access opening open, with the articulation arm comprising a first end articulated on the leaf, and a second end articulated on the frame, such that the leaf remains parallel to itself when the leaf changes from the open position to the closed position and from the closed position to the open position, the door also comprising a locking mechanism which is configured alternately to lock and unlock the leaf when the leaf is in the closed position, the locking mechanism comprising a locking lever, an end of which is fitted such as to rotate on the leaf around an axis of rotation perpendicular to the leaf, the locking lever being configured to be alternately in a locking position, in which the locking mechanism locks the leaf, and an unlocking position, in which the locking mechanism does not lock the leaf, the system comprising:
a support designed to be secured integrally on the fuselage;
an elongate structure having a longitudinal axis, the elongate structure connected with a slide connector on the support, such that the elongate structure is configured to be displaced relative to the support along a longitudinal axis perpendicularly to the two uprights of the frame, the slide connection being configured such that the elongate structure is configured to alternately be in an extended position in which the elongate structure is facing the access opening, and in a retracted position of the elongate structure, in which the elongate structure is not opposite the access opening;
a locking and unlocking device fitted on the elongate structure, the locking and unlocking device configured to bring the locking lever alternately into the unlocking position, for unlocking of the leaf when the elongate structure is in the extended position, and into the locking position for locking of the leaf when the elongate structure is in the extended position;
a closure and opening device fitted on the elongate structure, the closure and opening device configured alternately to thrust the articulation arm in order to bring the leaf towards the open position, when the elongate structure is in the extended position, and to catch on the articulation arm, then to draw the articulation arm in order to bring the leaf towards the closed position, when the elongate structure is in the extended position; and,
a control device configured to transmit orders to command closure or opening of the leaf to the closure and opening device, and orders to command locking or unlocking to the locking and unlocking device, according to command orders transmitted remotely to the control device by a user.
2 . The system according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a first actuator configured to actuate the slide connection.
3 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the elongate structure has a first longitudinal end, the first longitudinal end comprising a first deformable parallelogram mechanism fitted on the slide connection, the first deformable parallelogram mechanism configured to be in an extended position when the elongate structure is in the extended position, the first deformable parallelogram mechanism configured to be in a retracted position when the elongate structure is in the retracted position, the first deformable parallelogram mechanism configured to maintain the elongate structure parallel to the leaf, when the elongate structure spans from the retracted position to the extended position, and from the extended position to the retracted position.
4 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the elongate structure has a second longitudinal end, the second longitudinal end comprising a first securing element which is configured to be secured on a second securing element which is fitted integrally with the fuselage when the elongate structure is in the extended position.
5 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the closure and opening device comprises an articulated arm, a second actuator, and a third actuator,
the articulated arm having a first segment which is configured to be actuated by the second actuator according to control orders sent by the control device, and a second segment which is configured to be actuated by the third actuator according to control orders sent by the control device,
the first segment configured to be actuated by the second actuator, in order to thrust the articulation arm so as to bring the leaf towards the open position when the elongate structure is in the extended position,
the second segment configured to be actuated by the third actuator, in order to catch on the articulation arm, then to draw the articulation arm so as to bring the leaf towards the closed position when the elongate structure is in the extended position.
6 . The system according to claim 5 , wherein the first segment comprises a first end and a second end, the second segment comprising a first end and a second end,
the first end of the first segment fitted on the elongate structure with a first articulation, the first articulation configured to permit rotation of the first segment on a plane perpendicular to the two uprights of the frame, between a retracted position of the first segment and an extended position of the first segment, the retracted position of the first segment corresponding to a position in which the first segment is retracted against the elongate structure, the extended position of the first segment corresponding to a position in which the leaf is in a position opened by the support of the second end of the first segment after passage from the retracted position of the first segment to the extended position of the first segment,
the second actuator configured to rotate the first segment around the first articulation:
in order to bring the first segment from the retracted position to the extended position, and
in order to bring the first segment from the extended position to the retracted position;
the second end of the first segment fitted on the first end of the second segment by a second articulation, the second end of the second segment comprising a catching element, the second articulation configured to permit rotation of the second segment on a plane perpendicular to the two uprights of the frame, between a retracted position of the second segment and an extended position of the second segment, the retracted position of the second segment corresponding to a position in which the second segment is retracted against the first segment, the extended position of the second segment corresponding to a position in which the catching element catches on the articulation arm,
the third actuator configured to rotate the second segment around the first articulation:
in order to bring the second segment from the retracted position to the extended position, and
in order to bring the second segment from the extended position to the retracted position by drawing the articulation arm until the leaf is in the closed position.
7 . The system according to claim 6 , wherein the second actuator is further configured to rotate the first segment around the first articulation while the third actuator rotates the second segment around the first articulation, in order to bring the second segment from the retracted position to the extended position, and to bring the second segment from the extended position to the retracted position, by drawing the articulation arm until the leaf is in the closed position.
8 . The system according to claim 6 , wherein the catching element comprises a hook which is fitted so as to rotate on the second end of the second segment by a fourth articulation, with the fourth articulation permitting rotation of the hook parallel to the first segment and to the second segment, the hook configured to catch on a blocking element which blocks the leaf in the open position after opening of the leaf, the hook also drawing the blocking element in order to draw the articulation arm so as to bring the leaf to the closed position,
the hook having a first free end and a second free end which is fitted such as to rotate on the fourth articulation by a fifth articulation, the fifth articulation permitting rotation of the hook perpendicularly to the first segment and the second segment,
the hook further comprising a resilient element which tends to rotate the hook in a first direction of rotation around the fifth articulation, such that the hook is in an unhooking position, the unhooking position corresponding to a position of the hook in which the first end of the hook cannot catch on the blocking element when the second segment is brought from the retracted position to the extended position,
the second end of the hook comprising a finger which is configured to be supported against the blocking element when the second segment has reached the extended position, the support of the finger against the blocking element being liable to rotate the hook in a second direction of rotation which is the inverse of the first direction of rotation via the fifth articulation, until the hook is in a catching position, the catching position corresponding to a position of the hook in which the first end of the hook catches on the blocking element,
the resilient element driving the hook from the catching position to the unhooking position, when the first end of the hook is no longer drawing the articulation arm, and when the finger is no longer supported against the blocking element.
9 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the locking and unlocking device comprises a locking arm and a fourth actuator,
the locking arm comprising a first end and a second end,
the first end of the locking arm fitted such as to rotate on the elongate structure by a third articulation,
the second end of the locking arm comprising a first grasping device configured to catch on the locking lever such that the locking arm drives the locking lever from the locking position to the unlocking position,
the second end of the locking arm comprising a second grasping device configured to catch on the locking lever such that the locking arm drives the locking lever from the unlocking position to the locking position,
the fourth actuator configured to drive the locking arm by rotation around the third articulation between a retracted position and an extended position,
when the fourth actuator drives the locking arm from the retracted position to the extended position, the locking arm drives the locking lever from the locking position to the unlocking position, while the first grasping device catches on the locking lever,
when the fourth actuator drives the locking arm from the extended position to the retracted position, the locking arm drives the locking lever from the unlocking position to the locking position while the second grasping device catches on the locking lever.
10 . The system according to claim 9 , wherein the locking arm comprises a second deformable parallelogram mechanism, the second deformable parallelogram mechanism comprising a first parallelogram side corresponding to the first end of the locking arm, and a second parallelogram side parallel to the first side, the second side corresponding to the second end of the locking arm, the second deformable parallelogram mechanism contained on a plane which is perpendicular to the leaf,
the locking arm further comprising a first follower and a second follower,
the locking and unlocking device further comprising a first cam fitted integrally on the elongate structure, and a second cam fitted integrally on the elongate structure,
the first follower configured to cooperate with the first cam, such that the second deformable parallelogram mechanism brings the first grasping device facing the locking lever before the locking arm drives the locking lever from the locking position to the unlocking position, while the first grasping device catches on the locking lever,
the second follower configured to cooperate with the second cam, such that the second deformable parallelogram mechanism brings the second grasping device facing the locking lever before the locking arm drives the locking lever from the unlocking position to the locking position, while the second grasping device catches on the locking lever.
11 . The system according to claim 9 , wherein the first grasping device comprises two rollers configured to catch on the locking lever by receiving the locking lever between the two rollers when the locking arm drives the locking lever from the locking position to the unlocking position,
the second grasping device comprising two rollers configured to catch on the locking lever when the locking arm drives the locking lever from the locking position to the unlocking position.
12 . A method for automatic closure of the leaf in the according to claim 1 , the method comprising the following steps:
extending, in which the elongate structure is brought from the retracted position to the extended position by the slide connection;
catching, in which the device for closure and opening catches on the articulation arm;
closing, in which the device for closure and opening draws the articulation arm, in order to bring the leaf towards the closed position; and,
locking, in which the device for locking and unlocking brings the locking lever into the locking position, for locking of the leaf,
wherein the extending, the catching, and the closing are implemented after receipt by the control device of orders to command closure transmitted remotely by a user,
wherein the step of locking is implemented after receipt of orders to command locking from the control device.
13 . The method according to claim 12 , further comprising a step of:
retracting, in which the elongate structure is brought from the extended position to the retracted position with the slide connection,
the retracting following the locking.
14 . A method for automatic opening of the leaf of the system of claim 1 , the method comprising the following steps:
extending, in which the elongate structure is brought from the retracted position to the extended position by the slide connection;
unlocking, in which the locking and unlocking device brings the locking lever into the unlocking position for unlocking of the leaf; and,
opening, in which the device for closure and opening thrusts the articulation arm, in order to bring the leaf towards the open position;
wherein the extending, the unlocking, and the opening are implemented after receipt by the control device of orders to command opening transmitted remotely by a user.
15 . The method according to claim 14 , further comprising a step of:
retracting, in which the elongate structure is brought from the extended position to the retracted position by the slide connection,
the retracting following the opening.
16 . An aircraft comprising:
the system according to claim 1 .