Light-emitting device including organometallic compound, electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device, and the organometallic compound

1 . A light-emitting device comprising:

a first electrode;

a second electrode facing the first electrode;

an interlayer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising an emission layer; and

an organometallic compound represented by Formula 1:

wherein M 1 and M 2 are each independently platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), or thulium (Tm),

ring CY 1 to ring CY 5 are each independently a C 5 -C 30 carbocyclic group or a C 1 -C 30 heterocyclic group,

X 1 , X 21 , X 22 , X 31 , X 32 , X 4 , and X 5 are each independently C or N,

L 1 to L 5 are each independently a single bond, *—C(R 1a )(R 1b )—*′, *—C(R 1a )═*′, *═C(R 1a )—*′, *—C(R 1a )═C(R 1b )—*′, *—C(═O)—*′, *—C(═S)—*′, *—C≡C*′, *—B(R 1a )—*′, *—N(R 1a )—*′, *—O—*′, *—P(R 1a )—*′, *—Al(R 1a )—*, *—Si(R 1a )(R 1b )—*′, *—P(═O)(R 1a )—*′, *—S(═O)—*′, *—S(═O) 2 —*′, or *—Ge(R 1a )(R 1b )—*′, and * and *′ each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom,

n1 to n5 are each independently an integer from 1 to 5,

Ar 1 is a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a or a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a ,

R 1 to R 5 , R 1a , and R 1b are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, —SCN, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 60 alkylthio group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , —C(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ), —Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ), —N(Q 1 )(Q 2 ), —B(Q 1 )(Q 2 ), —C(═O)(Q 1 ), —S(═O) 2 (Q 1 ), or —P(═O)(Q 1 )(Q 2 ),

a1 to a5 are each independently an integer from 0 to 10,

R 10a is:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, or a nitro group;

a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, or a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 7 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl alkyl group, —Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), —N(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), —B(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), —C(═O)(Q 11 ), —S(═O) 2 (Q 11 ), —P(═O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), or any combination thereof;

a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 7 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, or a C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl alkyl group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 7 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl alkyl group, —Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), —N(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), —B(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), —C(═O)(Q 21 ), —S(═O) 2 (Q 21 ), —P(═O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), or any combination thereof; or

—Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), —N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), —B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), —C(═O)(Q 31 ), —S(═O) 2 (Q 31 ), or —P(═O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and

Q 1 to Q 3 , Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 , and Q 31 to Q 33 are each independently: hydrogen; deuterium; —F; —Cl; —Br; —I; a hydroxyl group; a cyano group; a nitro group; a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group; a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group; a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group; a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group; or a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, a cyano group, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a C 7 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl alkyl group, or any combination thereof.

2 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode is an anode,

the second electrode is a cathode,

the interlayer further comprises a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode,

the hole transport region comprises a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and

the electron transport region comprises a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, an electron control layer, or any combination thereof.

3 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the interlayer comprises a first compound represented by Formula 1 and a second compound comprising a group represented by Formula 2:

wherein, in Formula 2,

ring CY 71 and ring CY 72 are each independently a π electron-rich C 3 -C 60 cyclic group or a pyridine group,

X 71 is a single bond, or a linking group comprising O, S, N, B, C, Si, or any combination thereof, and

* indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom in the second compound.

4 . The light-emitting device of claim 3 , wherein the second compound comprises a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazine group, or any combination thereof.

5 . The light-emitting device of claim 3 , wherein an amount of the first compound is 0.01 wt % to 15 wt %, based on 100 wt % of the second compound.

6 . The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the emission layer is configured to emit light having a maximum emission wavelength of 430 nm to 480 nm.

7 . An electronic apparatus comprising the light-emitting device of claim 1 .

8 . The electronic apparatus of claim 7 , further comprising a thin-film transistor,

wherein the thin-film transistor comprises a source electrode and a drain electrode, and

the first electrode of the light-emitting device is electrically connected to either the source electrode or the drain electrode of the thin-film transistor.

9 . The electronic apparatus of claim 7 , further comprising a color filter, a color conversion layer, a touch screen layer, a polarizing layer, or any combination thereof.

10 . An organometallic compound represented by Formula 1:

wherein M 1 and M 2 are each independently platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), or thulium (Tm),

ring CY 1 to ring CY 5 are each independently a C 5 -C 30 carbocyclic group or a C 1 -C 30 heterocyclic group,

X 1 , X 21 , X 22 , X 31 , X 32 , X 4 , and X 5 are each independently C or N,

L 1 to L 5 are each independently a single bond, *—C(R 1a )(R 1b )—*′, *—C(R 1a )═*′, *═C(R 1a )—*′, *—C(R 1a )═C(R 1b )—*′, *—C(═O)—*′, *—C(═S)—*′, *—C≡C*′, *—B(R 1a )—*′, *—N(R 1a )—*′, *—O—*′, *—P(R 1a )—*′, *—Al(R 1a )—*, *—Si(R 1a )(R 1b )—*′, *—P(═O)(R 1a )—*′, *—S—*′, *—S(═O)—*′, *—S(═O) 2 —*′, or *—Ge(R 1a )(R 1b )—*′, and * and *′ each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom,

n1 to n5 are each independently an integer from 1 to 5,

Ar 1 is a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a or a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a ,

R 1 to R 5 , R 1a , and R 1b are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, —SCN, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 60 alkylthio group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a , —C(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ), —Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ), —N(Q 1 )(Q 2 ), —B(Q 1 )(Q 2 ), —C(═O)(Q 1 ), —S(═O) 2 (Q 1 ), or —P(═O)(Q 1 )(Q 2 ),

a1 to a5 are each independently an integer from 0 to 10,

R 10a is:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, or a nitro group;

a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, or a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 7 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl alkyl group, —Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), —N(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), —B(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), —C(═O)(Q 11 ), —S(═O) 2 (Q 11 ), —P(═O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), or any combination thereof;

a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 7 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, or a C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl alkyl group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group, a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 7 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl alkyl group, —Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), —N(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), —B(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), —C(═O)(Q 21 ), —S(═O) 2 (Q 21 ), —P(═O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), or any combination thereof; or

—Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), —N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), —B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), —C(═O)(Q 31 ), —S(═O) 2 (Q 31 ), or —P(═O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and

Q 1 to Q 3 , Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 , and Q 31 to Q 33 are each independently: hydrogen; deuterium; —F; —Cl; —Br; —I; a hydroxyl group; a cyano group; a nitro group; a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group; a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group; a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group; a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group; or a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group or a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, a cyano group, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a C 7 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl alkyl group, or any combination thereof.

11 . The organometallic compound of claim 10 , wherein M 1 and M 2 are identical to each other.

12 . The organometallic compound of claim 10 , wherein M 1 and M 2 are different from each other.

13 . The organometallic compound of claim 10 , wherein ring CY 1 to ring CY 4 are each a 6-membered ring, and

ring CY 5 is a 5-membered ring.

14 . The organometallic compound of claim 10 , wherein ring CY 1 to ring CY 4 are each independently:

a benzene group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, or a triazine group; or

a benzene group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, or a triazine group, each condensed with a benzene group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a cyclohexane group, a cyclohexene group, an adamantane group, a norbornane group, a cyclopentane group, a cyclopentene group, a pyrrole group, a pyrazole group, an imidazole group, a triazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazole group, or any combination thereof.

15 . The organometallic compound of claim 10 , wherein ring CY 5 is:

a pyrrole group, a pyrazole group, an imidazole group, a triazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, or a thiadiazole group; or

a pyrrole group, a pyrazole group, an imidazole group, a triazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, or a thiadiazole group, each condensed with a benzene group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a cyclopentane group, a cyclopentene group, a pyrrole group, a pyrazole group, an imidazole group, a triazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazole group, or any combination thereof.

16 . The organometallic compound of claim 10 , wherein X 5 is C, and

a bond between X 5 and M 2 is a coordinate bond.

17 . The organometallic compound of claim 10 , wherein L 5 is *—C≡C—*′, and

n5 is 1.

18 . The organometallic compound of claim 10 , wherein at least one of Conditions 1 to 5 is satisfied:

Condition 1

a group represented by

 in Formula 1 is represented by one of Formulae CY1-1 to CY1-24:

wherein, in Formulae CY1-1 to CY1-24,

X 1 is the same as described in Formula 1,

* is a binding site to M 1 , and

*′ is a binding site to L 1 ;

Condition 2

a group represented by

 in Formula 1 is represented by one of Formulae CY2-1 to CY2-12:

wherein, in Formulae CY2-1 to CY2-12,

X 21 and X 22 are respectively the same as those described in Formula 1,

* indicates a binding site to M 2 ,

*′ indicates a binding site to M 1 ,

*″ indicates a binding site to L 1 , and

indicates a binding site to L 2 ;

Condition 3

a group represented by

 in Formula 1 is represented by one of Formulae CY3-1 to CY3-12:

wherein, in Formulae CY3-1 to CY3-12,

X 31 and X 32 are respectively the same as those described in Formula 1,

* indicates a binding site to M 2 ,

*′ indicates a binding site to M 1 ,

*″ indicates a binding site to L 3 , and

indicates a binding site to L 2 ;

Condition 4

a group represented by

 in Formula 1 is represented by one of Formulae CY4-1 to CY4-16:

wherein, in Formulae CY4-1 to CY4-16,

X 4 is the same as described in Formula 1,

* indicates a binding site to L 4 ,

*′ indicates a binding site to M 2 , and

*″ indicates a binding site to L 3 ; and

Condition 5

a group represented by

 in Formula 1 is represented by one of Formulae CY5-1 to CY5-22:

wherein, in Formulae CY5-1 to CY5-22,

X 5 is the same as described in Formula 1,

R 51 and R 52 are the same as R 5 described in Formula 1,

* indicates a binding site to M 2 , and

*′ indicates a binding site to L 4 .

19 . The organometallic compound of claim 10 , wherein the organometallic compound is represented by Formula 1-1:

wherein, in Formula 1-1,

M 1 , M 2 , X 1 , X 21 , X 22 , X 31 , X 32 , X 4 , X 5 , L 1 to L 4 , and Ar 1 are respectively the same as those described in Formula 1,

X 11 is C(R 11 ) or N, X 12 is C(R 12 ) or N, X 13 is C(R 13 ) or N, and X 14 is C(R 14 ) or N,

R 11 to R 14 are respectively the same as described in connection with R 1 in Formula 1, and two or more of R 11 to R 14 are optionally bonded together to form a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a or a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a ,

X 23 is C(R 23 ) or N, and X 24 is C(R 24 ) or N,

R 23 and R 24 are respectively the same as described in connection with R 2 in Formula 1, and R 23 and R 24 are optionally bonded together to form a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a or a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a ,

X 33 is C(R 33 ) or N, and X 34 is C(R 34 ) or N,

R 33 and R 34 are respectively the same as described in connection with R 3 in Formula 1, and R 33 and R 34 are optionally bonded together to form a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a or a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a ,

X 41 is C(R 41 ) or N, X 42 is C(R 42 ) or N, and X 43 is C(R 43 ) or N,

R 41 to R 43 are respectively the same as described in connection with R 4 in Formula 1, and two or more of R 41 to R 43 are optionally bonded together to form a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a or a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a ,

X 52 is C(R 52 ) or N, and X 53 is C(R 53 ) or N, and

R 51 to R 53 are respectively the same as described in connection with R 5 in Formula 1, and two or more of R 51 to R 53 are optionally bonded together to form a C 3 -C 60 carbocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a or a C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a .

20 . The organometallic compound of claim 10 , wherein a triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer state ( 3 MLCT) value is 14% or more.