Multi-layer traffic superstructure with liquid-tight intermediate layer, method of manufacturing the multi-layer traffic superstructure

1 . A superstructure for a traffic surface, the superstructure comprising:

a. a base layer of a mastic asphalt,

b. an intermediate layer of a porous asphalt arranged on the base layer, wherein the base layer seals a lower side of the intermediate layer at least in a liquid-tight manner,

c. a top layer of a mastic asphalt arranged on the intermediate layer, the top layer sealing an upper side of the intermediate layer at least in a liquid-tight manner, and

d. at least one sealing wall of a mastic asphalt arranged on at least one side surface of the intermediate layer, the at least one sealing wall connecting the base layer to the top layer and sealing the at least one side surface at least in a liquid-tight manner,

wherein

e. the mastic asphalt of the top layer contains graphite in a proportion by mass of 1% to 2.5% of the mastic asphalt of the top layer.

2 . The superstructure according to claim 1 , wherein

the superstructure additionally comprises at least one connecting part arranged in the at least one sealing wall for at least liquid-conducting connection of a fluid line for a heat transport fluid to the intermediate layer, an outer side of the connecting part being connected in at least liquid-tight manner to the at least one sealing wall.

3 . The superstructure according to claim 2 ,

wherein the superstructure additionally comprises a distribution pipe arranged in the intermediate layer and connected to the connecting part in at least a fluid-conducting manner for distributing the heat transport fluid introduced into the intermediate layer through the connecting part in the intermediate layer.

4 . The superstructure according to claim 1 ,

wherein the mastic asphalt of at least one of the base layer and/or of the at least one sealing wall

a. contains basalt, slag, or combinations thereof, as aggregate, and/or

b. has a maximum grain diameter of 2 mm to 24 mm.

5 . The superstructure according to claim 1 ,

wherein the porous asphalt of the intermediate layer

a. has a maximum grain diameter of 4 mm to 32 mm, and/or

b. contains cellulose fibers with a mass fraction of 0.04% to 4% of the porous asphalt.

6 . The superstructure according to claim 1 ,

wherein the porous asphalt of the intermediate layer contains carbon fibers with a mass fraction of 0.01% to 1% of the porous asphalt, the carbon fibers having a fiber length of 1 mm to 20 mm and/or having a tensile strength of 5 GPa to 6 GPa.

7 . The superstructure according to claim 1 ,

wherein the mastic asphalt of the top layer

a. contains quartzite or graywacke as aggregate,

b. has a maximum grain diameter of 2 mm to 32 mm, and/or

c. contains graphite with a mass fraction of 2.5% of the mastic asphalt of the top layer.

8 . The superstructure according to claim 1 ,

wherein the base layer comprises a sealing layer arranged on an upper side of the base layer, on a lower side of the base layer, or on both the upper side and the lower side, the sealing layer sealing the upper side, the lower side, or both the upper side and the lower side at least in a liquid-tight manner, the sealing layer comprising one or more mastic asphalt layers, a bitumen-impregnated fleece, a bitumen welding sheet, or combinations thereof.

9 . The superstructure according to claim 1 ,

wherein the base layer is arranged on an asphalt carrying layer with a bitumen mass content of 4% to 5%.

10 . The superstructure according to claim 1 ,

wherein the superstructure comprises a fluid line to supply a heat transport fluid to the intermediate layer, wherein the fluid line comprises a control fluid column, a pressure valve or a pressure reducer, for controlling or regulating the pressure of the heat transport fluid in the fluid line.

11 . A method of manufacturing the superstructure according to claim 1 , the method comprising:

a. spreading the base layer of the superstructure,

b. attaching the at least one sealing wall to the base layer,

c. placing the intermediate layer of the superstructure on the base layer so that, wherein the at least one side surface of the intermediate layer is sealed by the at least one sealing wall, and

d. applying the top layer of the superstructure at least to the intermediate layer.

12 . The method according to claim 11 ,

a. wherein the at least one sealing wall is applied to an upper side of the base layer, and/or

b. the top layer is applied to an upper side of the at least one sealing wall.

13 . The method according to claim 11 ,

wherein the method additionally comprises applying bituminized chippings, namely

a. on the upper side of the base layer that has not yet cooled down before the at least one sealing wall is applied to the upper side,

b. on the upper side of the at least one sealing wall that has not yet cooled down before the top layer is applied to the upper side, or

c. combination of a. and b.

14 . The method according to claim 11 ,

wherein the step of applying the top layer

a. is carried out at a temperature of the mastic asphalt of the top layer of 220° C. to 230° C., and/or

b. includes rolling of the top layer with chippings.

15 . The method according to claim 11 ,

wherein spreading the base layer and/or attaching the at least one sealing wall is carried out at a temperature of the mastic asphalt of the base layer, of the at least one sealing wall, or of both the base layer and the at least one sealing wall of 200° C. to 230° C.

16 . The method according to claim 11 ,

the method additionally comprising:

a. creating an opening through the at least one sealing wall,

b. inserting a connecting part into the opening, wherein the connecting part is arranged for at least fluid-conducting connection of a fluid line to the intermediate layer,

c. connecting an outer side of the connecting part to the at least one sealing wall at least in a liquid-tight manner, and

d. at least fluid-conducting connection of the fluid line to the connecting part.