Multilayer optical film and glass laminate including same
A multilayer optical film includes a plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers and optically absorptive material dispersed in at least one layer of the multilayer optical film. The multilayer optical film has an average optical transmittance in a visible wavelength range extending from about 450 nm to about 650 nm of about 0.5% to about 40%, an average optical reflectance in the visible wavelength range of less than about 40%, and an average optical reflectance in an infrared wavelength range extending from about 850 nm to about 1200 nm of greater than about 60%. For illuminant D65 light incident on the multilayer optical film, the multilayer optical film reflects and transmits portions of the incident light as reflected and transmitted lights that have color shifts below specified limits in a CIE L*a*b* color space. A glass laminate includes the multilayer optical film disposed between glass layers.
1 . A multilayer optical film comprising:
a plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers numbering at least 20 in total, each of the first and second layers having an average thickness of less than about 500 nm; and
optically absorptive material dispersed in at least one layer of the multilayer optical film, wherein for a substantially normally incident light and for each of two mutually orthogonal polarization states, the multilayer optical film has an average optical transmittance in a visible wavelength range extending from about 450 nm to about 650 nm of about 0.5% to about 40%, an average optical reflectance in the visible wavelength range of less than about 40%, and an average optical reflectance in an infrared wavelength range extending from about 850 nm to about 1200 nm of greater than about 60%, and wherein for a light incident on the multilayer optical film from an illuminant D65, the multilayer optical film reflects and transmits portions of the incident light as reflected and transmitted lights having, in a CIE L*a*b* color space, respective “a*” colorimetric parameters ar1* and at1* for an incident angle of less than about 10 degrees and respective “a*” colorimetric parameters ar2* and at2* for an incident angle of about 40 degrees, a magnitude of a difference between each of at1* and at2*, and ar1* and ar2* being less than about 20.
2 . The multilayer optical film of claim 1 , wherein the reflected and transmitted lights have, in the CIE L*a*b* color space, respective “b*” colorimetric parameters br1* and bt1* for an incident angle of less than about 10 degrees and respective “b*” colorimetric parameters br2* and bt2* for an incident angle of about 40 degrees, a magnitude of a difference between each of br1* and br2*, and bt1* and bt2* being less than about 35.
3 . The multilayer optical film of claim 1 , wherein the first and second layers have respective indices of refraction n1 and n2 and corresponding respective f-ratios f1 and f2 along a same in-plane first direction for a same first visible wavelength in the visible wavelength range, and wherein n1>n2 and one of f1 and f2 is between about 0.55 and about 0.80.
4 . The multilayer optical film of claim 3 , wherein one of f1 and f2 is between about 0.6 and about 0.75.
5 . The multilayer optical film of claim 1 , wherein the first and second layers have respective indices of refraction n1 and n2 and corresponding respective f-ratios f1 and f2 along a same in-plane first direction for a same first visible wavelength in the visible wavelength range, and wherein each of f1 and f2 is about 0.5.
6 . The multilayer optical film of claim 1 further comprising first and second skin layers integrally formed with the plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers, each of the first and second skin layers having an average thickness of greater than about 1 micrometer, the plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers disposed between the first and second skin layers, wherein the optically absorptive material comprises a first optically absorptive material dispersed in at least one of the first and second skin layers, and a second optically absorptive material dispersed in each of the polymeric first layers or in each of the polymeric second layers, the first and second optically absorptive materials having different compositions.
7 . The multilayer optical film of claim 6 further comprising first and second adhesive layers, the first and second skin layers and the plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers disposed between the first and second adhesive layers, wherein the optically absorptive material further comprises a third optically absorptive material dispersed in at least one of the first and second adhesive layers, the third optically absorptive material having a composition different from that of each of the first and second optically absorptive materials.
8 . A glass laminate comprising first and second glass layers and the multilayer optical film of claim 1 disposed therebetween.
9 . A multilayer optical film comprising:
a plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers numbering at least 20 in total, each of the first and second layers having an average thickness of less than about 500 nm; and
optically absorptive material dispersed in at least one layer of the multilayer optical film, wherein for a substantially normally incident light and for each of two mutually orthogonal polarization states, the multilayer optical film has an average optical transmittance in a visible wavelength range extending from about 450 nm to about 650 nm of about 0.5% to about 40%, an average optical reflectance in the visible wavelength range of less than about 40%, and an average optical reflectance in an infrared wavelength range extending from about 850 nm to about 1200 nm of greater than about 60%, and wherein for a light incident on the multilayer optical film from an illuminant D65, the multilayer optical film reflects and transmits portions of the incident light as reflected and transmitted lights having, in a CIE L*a*b* color space, respective “b*” colorimetric parameters br1* and bt1* for an incident angle of less than about 10 degrees and respective “b*” colorimetric parameters br2* and bt2* for an incident angle of about 60 degrees, a magnitude of a difference between each of br1* and br2*, and bt1* and bt2* being less than about 35.
10 . The multilayer optical film of claim 9 , wherein the reflected and transmitted lights have, in the CIE L*a*b* color space, respective “a*” colorimetric parameters ar1* and at1* for an incident angle of less than about 10 degrees and respective “a*” colorimetric parameters ar2* and at2* for an incident angle of about 60 degrees, a magnitude of a difference between each of at1* and at2*, and ar1* and ar2* being less than about 35.
11 . The multilayer optical film of claim 9 further comprising first and second skin layers integrally formed with the plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers, each of the first and second skin layers having an average thickness of greater than about 1 micrometer, the plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers disposed between the first and second skin layers, wherein the optically absorptive material comprises a first optically absorptive material dispersed in at least one of the first and second skin layers, and a second optically absorptive material dispersed in each of the polymeric first layers or in each of the polymeric second layers, the first and second optically absorptive materials having different compositions.
12 . The multilayer optical film of claim 11 further comprising first and second adhesive layers, the first and second skin layers and the plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers disposed between the first and second adhesive layers, wherein the optically absorptive material further comprises a third optically absorptive material dispersed in at least one of the first and second adhesive layers, the third optically absorptive material having a composition different from that of each of the first and second optically absorptive materials.
13 . A multilayer optical film comprising:
a plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers numbering at least 20 in total, each of the first and second layers having an average thickness of less than about 500 nm; and
optically absorptive material dispersed in at least one layer of the multilayer optical film, wherein for a substantially normally incident light and for each of two mutually orthogonal polarization states, the multilayer optical film has an average optical transmittance in a visible wavelength range extending from about 450 nm to about 650 nm of about 0.5% to about 40%, an average optical reflectance in the visible wavelength range of less than about 40%, and an average optical reflectance in an infrared wavelength range extending from about 850 nm to about 1200 nm of greater than about 60%, and wherein for a light incident on the multilayer optical film from an illuminant D65 at an incident angle, the multilayer optical film transmits a portion of the incident light as a transmitted light having, in a CIE L*a*b* color space, an “a*” colorimetric parameter at* and a “b*” colorimetric parameter bt*, a magnitude of each of at* and bt* remaining less than about 35 as the incident angle varies continuously from less than about 10 degrees to at least about 40 degrees.
14 . The multilayer optical film of claim 13 , wherein for the light incident on the multilayer optical film from the illuminant D65, the multilayer optical film reflects a portion of the incident light as a reflected light having, in CIE L*a*b* color space, an “a*” colorimetric parameter ar* and a “b*” colorimetric parameter br*, a magnitude of each of ar* and br* remaining less than about 45 as the incident angle varies continuously from less than about 10 degrees to at least about 40 degrees.
15 . The multilayer optical film of claim 14 , wherein the magnitude of each of at*, bt*, ar*, and br* remains less than about 25 as the incident angle varies continuously from less than about 10 degrees to at least about 40 degrees.
16 . The multilayer optical film of claim 13 further comprising first and second skin layers integrally formed with the plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers, each of the first and second skin layers having an average thickness of greater than about 1 micrometer, the plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers disposed between the first and second skin layers, wherein the optically absorptive material comprises a first optically absorptive material dispersed in at least one of the first and second skin layers, and a second optically absorptive material dispersed in each of the polymeric first layers or in each of the polymeric second layers, the first and second optically absorptive materials having different compositions.
17 . The multilayer optical film of claim 16 further comprising first and second adhesive layers, the first and second skin layers and the plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers disposed between the first and second adhesive layers, wherein the optically absorptive material further comprises a third optically absorptive material dispersed in at least one of the first and second adhesive layers, the third optically absorptive material having a composition different from that of each of the first and second optically absorptive materials.
18 . A multilayer optical film comprising:
a plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers numbering at least 20 in total, each of the first and second layers having an average thickness of less than about 500 nm; and
optically absorptive material dispersed in at least one layer of the multilayer optical film, wherein for a substantially normally incident light and for each of two mutually orthogonal polarization states, the multilayer optical film has an average optical transmittance in a visible wavelength range extending from about 450 nm to about 650 nm of about 0.5% to about 40%, an average optical reflectance in the visible wavelength range of less than about 40%, and an average optical reflectance in an infrared wavelength range extending from about 850 nm to about 1200 nm of greater than about 60%, and wherein for a light incident on the multilayer optical film from an illuminant D65 at an incident angle, the multilayer optical film reflects a portion of the incident light as a reflected light having, in CIE L*a*b* color space, an “a*” colorimetric parameter ar* and a “b*” colorimetric parameter br*, a magnitude of each of ar* and br* remaining less than about 45 as the incident angle varies continuously from less than about 10 degrees to at least about 40 degrees.
19 . The multilayer optical film of claim 18 , wherein a magnitude of each of ar* and br* remains less than about 25 as the incident angle varies continuously from less than about 10 degrees to at least about 40 degrees.
20 . The multilayer optical film of claim 18 further comprising first and second skin layers integrally formed with the plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers, each of the first and second skin layers having an average thickness of greater than about 1 micrometer, the plurality of alternating polymeric first and second layers disposed between the first and second skin layers, wherein the optically absorptive material comprises a first optically absorptive material dispersed in at least one of the first and second skin layers, and a second optically absorptive material dispersed in each of the polymeric first layers or in each of the polymeric second layers, the first and second optically absorptive materials having different compositions.