Vehicular battery pack and related assembly method
A vehicular battery pack comprising a floor configured to define, at least in part, a floor pan of a road vehicle; cylindrical electrochemical cells, electrically connected to each other and arranged on the inner surface of the floor; each of the cylindrical electrochemical cells comprises a lateral surface having a circular cross-section extending along an axis of symmetry; the floor of the support structure has an at least partially curved conformation, which deflects distancing itself from the ground along the longitudinal axis in a direction opposite a normal travel direction of the road vehicle; wherein said electrochemical cells are arranged with said respective lateral surface in contact with the inner surface of the floor.
1 . A vehicular battery pack ( 9 ) comprising:
a support structure ( 11 ) extending along a vehicular longitudinal axis (X) and comprising a floor ( 12 ) configured to define, at least in part, a floor pan ( 10 ) of a road vehicle ( 1 ); the floor ( 12 ) having a board-like conformation comprising an inner surface ( 13 ) and an outer surface ( 14 ), opposite the inner surface ( 13 ) and configured to be externally exposed so as to face the ground (G); the support structure ( 11 ) defining within it a housing ( 15 ) limited inferiorly by said floor ( 12 );
cylindrical electrochemical cells ( 16 ), electrically connected to each other and arranged internally on the inner surface of said housing; each of the cylindrical electrochemical cells ( 16 ) comprises a lateral surface ( 17 ) having a circular cross-section extending along an axis (A) of symmetry and two planar bases ( 18 ), which are crossed by said axis (A) of symmetry;
the vehicular battery pack ( 9 ) being characterised in that the floor ( 12 ) of the support structure ( 11 ) has an at least partially curved conformation, which deflects distancing itself from the ground (G) along the longitudinal axis (X) in a direction opposite a normal travel direction (D) of the road vehicle ( 1 );
wherein said cylindrical electrochemical cells ( 16 ) are at least partially arranged side by side and with their respective axes of symmetry parallel to each other;
wherein said electrochemical cells ( 16 ) are arranged with said respective lateral surface ( 17 ) in contact with the inner surface ( 13 ) of the floor ( 12 ), so as to form one or more strips ( 19 ) of electrochemical cells ( 16 ) parallel to each other and to the at least partially curved conformation of the floor ( 12 ) of the support structure ( 11 );
wherein the floor ( 12 ) comprises, along the longitudinal axis (X), a front portion ( 20 ) substantially parallel to the ground (G) and a rear portion ( 21 ) diverging from the ground (G), both planar, which are connected by a curved portion ( 22 ); the one or more strips ( 19 ) of parallel electrochemical cells ( 16 ) extending from the front portion ( 20 ) to the rear portion ( 21 ), and having at least the lateral surface ( 17 ) of one electrochemical cell of the one or more strips ( 19 ) in contact with the curved portion ( 22 ).
2 . The battery pack ( 9 ) according to claim 1 , and the one or more strips ( 19 ) of electrochemical cells ( 16 ) comprising a plurality of strips ( 19 ) of electrochemical cells ( 16 ) parallel to each other, the strips ( 19 ) forming a first layer ( 23 ) covering at least for the most part the available inner surface ( 13 ) of the floor ( 12 ).
3 . The battery pack ( 9 ) according to claim 2 and the plurality of strips ( 19 ) comprising further layers ( 24 ) of strips ( 19 ) of electrochemical cells ( 16 ) at least partially overlapping the first layer ( 23 ) and whose cells ( 16 ) are arranged to form a quincunx formation with the cylindrical cells ( 16 ) of the first layer ( 23 ).
4 . The battery pack ( 9 ) according to claim 3 , and comprising a verticalized portion ( 25 ), supported by the rear portion ( 21 ) and having a thickness (W′) greater than the rest of the battery pack ( 9 ), in which there are at least three, in particular at least five further overlapping layers ( 24 ).
5 . The battery pack ( 9 ) according to claim 4 and comprising a lowered portion ( 27 ), supported by the front portion ( 20 ) and having a thickness (W″) less than the verticalized portion ( 25 ), in which the first layer ( 23 ) or the first layer ( 23 ) with a single further layer ( 24 ) overlapping it are present.
6 . The battery pack ( 9 ) according to claim 2 , wherein the cells ( 16 ) of a first strip ( 19 ) of the plurality of strips ( 19 ) have length (L′), along the longitudinal axis (X), different from the cells ( 16 ) of a second strip ( 19 ) of the plurality of strips ( 19 ).
7 . The battery pack ( 9 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the cylindrical cells ( 16 ) of a same strip ( 19 ) of the one or more strips ( 19 ) have different lengths.
8 . The battery pack ( 9 ) according to claim 7 , wherein the cylindrical cells ( 16 ) having different lengths are arranged to have, each, one of the two planar bases ( 18 ) of each of the cells ( 16 ) on a same feed plane.
9 . An electric or hybrid road vehicle ( 1 ) comprising:
four wheels ( 2 , 3 ), of which at least one pair of driving wheels ( 2 , 3 );
a passenger compartment ( 6 );
a power train configured to control the motion of the driving wheels ( 2 , 3 );
the vehicular battery pack ( 9 ) according to claim 1 mounted to a chassis of the road vehicle ( 1 ) and arranged so as to define at least part of the floor plan ( 10 ) of the road vehicle ( 1 ).
10 . A method of assembling a vehicular battery pack ( 9 ) comprising the steps of:
fabricating in metal plate or composite material a support structure ( 11 ) extending along a vehicular longitudinal axis (X) and comprising a floor ( 12 ) configured to define, at least in part, a floor pan ( 10 ) of a road vehicle ( 1 ); the floor ( 12 ) having a board-like conformation comprising an inner surface ( 13 ) and an outer surface ( 14 ), opposite the inner surface ( 13 ) and configured to be exposed externally so as to face the ground (G); the support structure ( 11 ) defining within it a housing ( 15 ) limited inferiorly by said floor ( 12 ); wherein the floor ( 12 ) of the support structure ( 11 ) has an at least partially curved conformation, which deflects away from the ground (G) along the longitudinal axis (X) in a direction opposite a normal travel direction (D) of the road vehicle ( 1 );
arranging cylindrical electrochemical cells ( 16 ), electrically connected to each other, inside said housing, in correspondence with the inner surface; wherein each of the cylindrical electrochemical cells ( 16 ) comprises a lateral surface ( 17 ) with circular cross-section extending along an axis (A) of symmetry and two planar bases ( 18 ), which are crossed by said axis (A) of symmetry; wherein said cylindrical electrochemical cells ( 16 ) are at least partially arranged side by side and with their respective axes of symmetry parallel to each other;
the method being characterised in that, during the arranging step, said electrochemical cells ( 16 ) are arranged with said respective lateral surface ( 17 ) in contact with the inner surface ( 13 ) of the floor ( 12 ), so as to form one or more strips ( 19 ) of electrochemical cells ( 16 ) parallel to each other and to the at least partially curved conformation of the floor ( 12 ) of the support structure ( 11 ).
11 . The method according to claim 10 , wherein, during the arranging step, said electrochemical cells ( 16 ) are arranged so as to form a first layer ( 23 ) covering at least for the most part the available inner surface ( 13 ) of the floor ( 12 ).
12 . The method according to claim 11 and comprising the further step of arranging further layers ( 24 ) of strips ( 19 ) of electrochemical cells ( 16 ) at least partially overlapping the first layer ( 23 ) and the cells ( 16 ) of which are arranged so as to form a quincunx formation with the cylindrical cells ( 16 ) of the first layer ( 23 ).
13 . The method according to claim 12 , wherein, during the further arranging step, a verticalized portion ( 25 ) is formed, supported by the rear portion ( 21 ) and having a thickness (W′) greater than the rest of the battery pack ( 9 ); in the verticalized portion ( 25 ) at least three, in particular at least five, further overlapping layers ( 24 ) are arranged.