Hybrid solar cell and method for manufacturing same

1 . A solar cell comprising:

a transparent substrate;

a porous layer provided on the transparent substrate, wherein the porous layer comprises a plurality of particles;

a first photoactive layer provided on the plurality of particles;

a first charge transport layer provided on the first photoactive layer;

a first electrode provided on the porous layer, wherein the first electrode comprises at least one through-hole;

a second charge transport layer provided on the first electrode and the first charge transport layer, wherein the second charge transport layer is in direct contact with the first charge transport layer, wherein each of the first charge transport layer and the second charge transport layer is a solid layer, and wherein both of the first charge transport layer and the second charge transport layer transport electrons or both of the first charge transport layer and the second charge transport layer transport holes; and

a second electrode provided on the second charge transport layer.

2 . The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein a topographical morphology of a surface of the first electrode is the same as a topographical morphology of a surface of the porous layer.

3 . The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein a topographical morphology of a surface of the second charge transport layer is the same as a topographical morphology of a surface of the first electrode.

4 . The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein a topographical morphology of a surface of the second electrode is the same as a topographical morphology of a surface of the second charge transport layer.

5 . The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the first photoactive layer comprises CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 , CH 3 NH 3 PbCl 3 , CH 3 NH 3 PbBr 3 , CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3-x Cl, CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3-x Br x , HC(NH 2 ) 2 PbI 3 , HC(NH 2 ) 2 PbCl 3 , HC(NH 2 ) 2 PbBr 3 , HC(NH 2 ) 2 PbI 3-x Cl, HC(NH 2 ) 2 PbI 3-x Br x , [HC(NH 2 ) 2 ] 1-x Cs x PbI 3 , [HC(NH 2 ) 2 ] 1-x Cs x PbBr 3 , [HC(NH 2 ) 2 ] 1-x Cs x PbI 3-y Br y , CsPbI 3-x Br x , CH 3 NH 3 Pb 1-x Sn x I 3-y Br y , (CH 3 NH 3 ) 1-x-y [HC(NH 2 ) 2 ] y Cs x PbI 3-z Br z , (CH 3 NH 3 ) 1-x-y [HC(NH 2 ) 2 ] y Cs x Pb 1-z Sn z I 3-δ Br δ , (CH 3 NH 3 ) 1-x-y-z [HC(NH 2 ) 2 ] z Cs y Rb x PbI 3-d Br d , azo type dyes, quinone type dyes, quinone-imine type dyes, quinacridone type dyes, squarylium type dyes, cyanine type dyes, merocyanine type dyes, triphenylmethane type dyes, xanthene type dyes, porphyrin type dyes, perylene type dyes, indigo type dyes, naphthalocyanine type dyes, or a combination thereof.

6 . The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the solar cell further comprises a second photoactive layer provided on the second charge transport layer.

7 . The solar cell of claim 6 , wherein the second photoactive layer comprises a donor/acceptor bilayer structure including an electron donor layer and an electron acceptor layer, a bulk-heterojunction structure including a blend structure of the electron donor and the electron acceptor, or a combination structure where the bulk-heterojunction structure is inserted between the electron donor layer and the electron acceptor layer.

8 . The solar cell of claim 6 , wherein a topographical morphology of a surface of the second photoactive layer is the same as a topographical morphology of a surface of the second charge transport layer.

9 . The solar cell of claim 6 , wherein the solar cell further comprises a third charge transport layer provided on the second photoactive layer.

10 . The solar cell of claim 9 , wherein a topographical morphology of a surface of the third charge transport layer is the same as a topographical morphology of a surface of the second photoactive layer.

11 . The solar cell of claim 9 , wherein a topographical morphology of a surface of the second electrode is the same as a topographical morphology of a surface of the third charge transport layer.

12 . A method for fabricating the solar cell of claim 1 , the method comprising:

providing a transparent substrate;

depositing a porous layer on the transparent substrate, wherein the porous layer comprises a plurality of particles;

depositing a first electrode on the porous layer, wherein the first electrode comprises at least one through-hole;

depositing a first photoactive layer on the plurality of particles through the least one through-hole;

depositing a first charge transport layer on the first photoactive layer through the least one through-hole;

depositing a second charge transport layer on the first electrode and the first charge transport layer, wherein the second charge transport layer is in direct contact with the first charge transport layer, wherein each of the first charge transport layer and the second charge transport layer is a solid layer, and wherein both of the first charge transport layer and the second charge transport layer transport electrons or both of the first charge transport layer and the second charge transport layer transport holes; and

depositing a second electrode on the second charge transport layer.

13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein a topographical morphology of a surface of the first electrode is the same as a topographical morphology of a surface of the porous layer.

14 . The method of claim 12 , wherein a topographical morphology of a surface of the second charge transport layer is the same as a topographical morphology of a surface of the first electrode.

15 . The method of claim 12 , wherein a topographical morphology of a surface of the second electrode is the same as a topographical morphology of a surface of the second charge transport layer.

16 . The method of claim 12 , wherein the method further comprises depositing a second photoactive layer on the second charge transport layer.

17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein a topographical morphology of a surface of the second photoactive layer is the same as a topographical morphology of a surface of the second charge transport layer.

18 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the method further comprises depositing a third charge transport layer on the second photoactive layer.

19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein a topographical morphology of a surface of the third charge transport layer is the same as a topographical morphology of a surface of the second photoactive layer.

20 . The method of claim 18 , wherein a topographical morphology of a surface of the second electrode is the same as a topographical morphology of a surface of the third charge transport layer.