Organic light-emitting device
An organic light-emitting device having a low driving voltage, high efficiency, and a long lifespan is provided. The device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the organic layer includes an emission layer, a first compound, and a second compound. Various chemical structures for the first compound and the second compound are provided.
1 . An organic light-emitting device comprising:
a substrate comprising at least a first sub-pixel region, and a second sub-pixel region;
a first sub-pixel electrode disposed in the first sub-pixel region of the substrate;
a first sub-pixel organic layer disposed on the first sub-pixel electrode;
a second sub-pixel electrode disposed in the second sub-pixel region of the substrate;
a second sub-pixel organic layer disposed on the second sub-pixel electrode; and
a second electrode disposed on the first sub-pixel organic layer and the second sub-pixel organic layer, wherein
the first sub-pixel organic layer comprises;
a first sub-pixel emission layer; and
a first sub-pixel emission auxiliary layer between the first sub-pixel electrode and the first sub-pixel emission layer,
the first sub-pixel emission auxiliary layer comprises a first compound represented by Formula 1A or Formula 1B,
the second sub-pixel organic layer comprises:
a second sub-pixel emission layer; and
a second sub-pixel emission auxiliary layer between the second sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel emission layer,
the second sub-pixel emission layer comprises a second compound represented by Formula 2A,
the first sub-pixel emission auxiliary layer is in direct contact with the first sub-pixel emission layer, and
the second sub-pixel emission auxiliary layer is in direct contact with the second sub-pixel emission layer:
wherein in Formulae 1A, 1B, 2A, and 10,
A 21 is a group represented by Formula 10,
m21 is an integer from 1 to 3,
X 1 is O or S,
X 2 is a single bond, O, or S,
ring B 1 and ring B 2 are each independently a benzene group or a naphthalene group, provided that ring B 1 and ring B 2 are not simultaneously a benzene group,
L 1 to L 12 , L 21 , and L 22 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,
a1 to a12, a21, and a22 are each independently an integer from 0 to 3,
Ar 1 to Ar 8 , and Ar 21 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,
b1 to b8, and b21 are each independently an integer from 1 to 5,
Ar 1 and Ar 2 are optionally linked to form a saturated or unsaturated ring,
Ar 3 and Ar 4 are optionally linked to form a saturated or unsaturated ring,
Ar 5 and Ar 6 are optionally linked to form a saturated or unsaturated ring,
Ar 7 and Ar 8 are optionally linked to form a saturated or unsaturated ring,
R 1 to R 8 , R 21 , R 51 , and R 52 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, or —Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ),
c1 to c4, c7, and c8 are each independently an integer from 0 to 4,
c5 and c6 are each independently an integer from 0 to 5,
c21 is an integer from 0 to 8,
c51 and c52 are each independently an integer from 0 to 6,
n1 to n4 are each independently an integer from 0 to 4, provided that the sum of n1, n2, n3, and n4 is one or more,
n5 and n6 are each independently an integer from 0 to 5, and n7 and n8 are each independently an integer from 0 to 4, provided that the sum of n5, n6, n7, and n8 is one or more,
n21 is an integer from 1 to 3,
at least one substituent selected from a substituent(s) of the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylene group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkylene group, the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenylene group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 arylene group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heteroarylene group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, the substituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, the substituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group is:
a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, or a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group;
a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, or a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one of deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), and —N(Q 14 )(Q 15 );
a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;
a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with a least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), and —N(Q 24 )(Q 25 ); or
—Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ) or —N(Q 34 )(Q 35 ),
wherein Q 1 to Q 3 , Q 11 to Q 15 , Q 21 to Q 25 , and Q 31 to Q 35 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and
* indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.
2 . The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein
the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode are each an anode,
the second electrode is a cathode.
3 . The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein
the first sub-pixel emission layer emits first color light, and
the second sub-pixel emission layer emits second color light, and
wherein:
(i) the first color light is red, and the second color light is green,
(ii) the first color light is green, and the second color light is red,
(iii) the first color light is red, and the second color light is blue,
(iv) the first color light is blue, and the second color light is red,
(v) the first color light is green, and the second color light is blue, or
(vi) the first color light is blue, and the second color light is green.
4 . The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein
the substrate further comprises a third sub-pixel region, and
the organic light-emitting device further comprises:
a third sub-pixel electrode disposed on the third sub-pixel region, and
a third sub-pixel organic layer disposed on the third sub-pixel electrode and comprising a third sub-pixel emission layer and a third sub-pixel emission auxiliary layer.
5 . The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first compound is represented by one of Formulae 1A-1 to 1A-10 and 1B-1 to 1B-4:
wherein in Formulae 1A-1 to 1A-10 and 1B-1 to 1B-4,
L 1 to L 12 , a1 to a12, Ar 1 to Ar 8 , b1 to b8, R 1 to R 12 , and c1 to c12 are the same as described in claim 1 .
6 . The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first compound is represented by one of Formulae 1A-1 (1), 1A-2 (1), 1A-2 (2), 1A-3 (1), 1A-4 (1), 1A-4 (2), 1A-5 (1), 1A-5 (2), 1A-5 (3), 1A-6 (1), 1A-7 (1), 1A-8 (1), 1A-8 (2), 1A-8 (3), 1A-8 (4), 1A-9 (1), 1A-9 (2), 1A-10 (1), 1A-10 (2), 1A-10 (3), 1A-10 (4), 1B-1 (1), 1B-2 (1), 1B-2 (2), 1B-3 (1), and 1B-4 (1):
wherein in Formulae 1A-1 (1), 1A-2 (1), 1A-2 (2), 1A-3 (1), 1A-4 (1), 1A-4 (2), 1A-5 (1), 1A-5 (2), 1A-5 (3), 1A-6 (1), 1A-7 (1), 1A-8 (1), 1A-8 (2), 1A-8 (3), 1A-8 (4), 1A-9 (1), 1A-9 (2), 1A-10 (1), 1A-10 (2), 1A-10 (3), 1A-10 (4), 1B-1 (1), 1B-2 (1), 1B-2 (2), 1B-3 (1), and 1B-4 (1),
L 1 , L 4 , L 7 , L 10 , Ar 1 to Ar 8 , R 1 to R 4 , and Ry are the same as described in claim 1 .
7 . The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the second compound is represented by Formula 2A-1:
wherein in Formulae 2A-1,
A 21 , m21, L 21 , L 22 , a21, a22, Ar 21 , b21, R 21 , and c21 are the same as described in claim 1 .
8 . The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the second compound is represented by one of Formulae 2A-1 (5) to 2A-1 (8):
wherein in Formulae 2A-1 (1) to 2A-1 (8),
L 21 , L 22 , a21, a22, Ar 21 , b21, R 21 , and c21 are the same as described in claim 1 .
9 . The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein
the first compound is one of Compounds 1 to 51, and
the second compound is one selected from Compounds H17 to H24:
10 . An organic light-emitting device comprising:
a substrate comprising at least a first sub-pixel region, and a second sub-pixel region;
a first sub-pixel electrode disposed in the first sub-pixel region of the substrate;
a first sub-pixel organic layer disposed on the first sub-pixel electrode;
a second sub-pixel electrode disposed in the second sub-pixel region of the substrate;
a second sub-pixel organic layer disposed on the second sub-pixel electrode; and
a second electrode disposed on the first sub-pixel organic layer and the second sub-pixel organic layer, wherein
the first sub-pixel organic layer comprises a first compound represented by Formula 1A or Formula 1B, and
the second sub-pixel organic layer comprises a second compound represented by Formula 2A:
wherein in Formulae 1A, 1B, 2A, and 10,
A 21 is a group represented by Formula 10,
m21 is an integer from 1 to 3,
X 1 is O or S,
X 2 is a single bond, O, or S,
ring B 1 and ring B 2 are each independently a benzene group or a naphthalene group, provided that ring B 1 and ring B 2 are not simultaneously a benzene group,
L 1 to L 12 , L 21 , and L 22 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,
a1 to a12, a21, and a22 are each independently an integer from 0 to 3,
Ar 1 to Ar 8 , and Ar 21 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,
b1 to b8, and b21 are each independently an integer from 1 to 5,
Ar 1 and Ar 2 are optionally linked to form a saturated or unsaturated ring,
Ar 3 and Ar 4 are optionally linked to form a saturated or unsaturated ring,
Ar 5 and Ar 6 are optionally linked to form a saturated or unsaturated ring,
Ar 7 and Ar 8 are optionally linked to form a saturated or unsaturated ring,
R 1 to R 8 , R 21 , R 51 , and R 52 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, or —Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ),
c1 to c4, c7, and c8 are each independently an integer from 0 to 4,
c5 and c6 are each independently an integer from 0 to 5,
c21 is an integer from 0 to 8,
c51 and c52 are each independently an integer from 0 to 6,
n1 to n4 are each independently an integer from 0 to 4, provided that the sum of n1, n2, n3, and n4 is two or more,
n5 and n6 are each independently an integer from 0 to 5, and n7 and n8 are each independently an integer from 0 to 4, provided that the sum of n5, n6, n7, and n8 is two or more,
n21 is an integer from 1 to 3,
at least one substituent selected from a substituent(s) of the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylene group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkylene group, the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenylene group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 arylene group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heteroarylene group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, the substituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, the substituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group is:
a deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, or a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group;
a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, or a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one of deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -Coo arylthio group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), and —N(Q 14 )(Q 15 );
a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;
a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with a least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 6 -Coo aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), and —N(Q 24 )(Q 25 ); or
—Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ) or —N(Q 34 )(Q 35 ),
wherein Q 1 to Q 3 , Q 11 to Q 15 , Q 21 to Q 25 , and Q 31 to Q 35 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and
* indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.