Metal material having biological properties
Aspects of the invention relate to a metal material and product made from the metal material having biological properties, such as antibiotic properties.
1 . A metal material comprising a crystal grain having an average crystal grain size from 40 nm to 30 μm configured (i) to inhibit adhesion, growth or combination thereof of microorganisms, or (ii) to inhibit adhesion, growth or combination thereof of predetermined eukaryotic cells,
wherein the metal material has a surface roughness, Ra, in arithmetic roughness, at the nanoscale from 1.605 nm to 2.044 nm.
2 . The metal material according to claim 1 , wherein the metal material is stainless steel.
3 . The metal material according to claim 1 , wherein the metal material has an average crystal grain size for substantially inhibiting adsorption or growth of the microorganism which is determined from a response profile which is a result obtained by cultivating the microorganism on a metal material having crystal grains with different average crystal grain sizes and plotting a number of the microorganism after the cultivation with respect to the average crystal grain size.
4 . The metal material according to claim 1 , wherein the crystal grain has an average crystal grain size from 200 nm or more to 10 μm or less.
5 . The metal material according to claim 1 , wherein the crystal grain has an average crystal grain size from 1 μm or more to 10 μm or less.
6 . The metal material according to claim 2 , wherein the metal is type 316 stainless steel.
7 . The metal material according to claim 1 , wherein the microorganism is a gram+bacterium.
8 . The metal material according to claim 1 , wherein the microorganism is a gram−bacterium.
9 . The metal material according to claim 1 , wherein the microorganism is one of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis , Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
10 . A wire or a rod made from the material according to claim 1 .
11 . The wire or rod wherein of claim 10 , wherein the average crystal grain size is from 200 nm or more to 10 μm or less.
12 . A medical device made from the material according to claim 1 .
13 . A foil made from the material according to claim 1 .
14 . An instrument made from the material according to claim 1 .