Additive manufacturing with fusing and warming energy sources
In one example in accordance with the present disclosure, an additive manufacturing system is described. The additive manufacturing system includes a build material deposition device to deposit a layer of a powder build material. The additive manufacturing system includes a fusing agent deposition device to deposit a fusing agent on a first portion of the layer that is to form a 3D object and a fusing energy source to deliver energy absorbed by the fusing agent to heat the first portion to a melting temperature of the powder build material. The additive manufacturing system also includes a warming energy source to deliver energy absorbed by a second portion of the layer to a temperature below the melting temperature. In this example, the second portion includes a warming agent and the fusing energy source and the warming energy source have different emission spectra.
1 . A method comprising:
controlling a fusing agent deposition device to deposit a fusing agent on a first portion of a layer of build material that is to form a three-dimensional (3D) object, wherein the fusing agent has a first absorption spectrum;
controlling a warming agent deposition device to deposit a warming agent on a second portion of the layer, wherein the warming agent has a second absorption spectrum different than the first absorption spectrum;
controlling a warming energy source with a second emission spectrum to deliver energy to the layer of build material such that the second portion is heated to a temperature below a melting temperature of the build material; and
controlling a fusing energy source with a first emission spectrum to deliver energy to the layer of build material such that the first portion is heated to the melting temperature,
wherein controlling of the warming agent deposition device to deposit the warming agent and controlling of the warming energy source with the second emission spectrum are based on an amount of absorption of the second portion from the fusing energy source, and
wherein controlling of the fusing agent deposition device to deposit the fusing agent and controlling of the fusing energy source with the first emission spectrum are based on an amount of absorption of the first portion from the warming energy source.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the first absorption spectrum and the second absorption spectrum overlap.
3 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
tracking an amount of warming agent deposited on the layer of build material;
recycling the build material; and
adjusting operation of a subsequent build based on the amount of warming agent deposited on the layer of build material by adjusting:
an amount of warming agent deposited in the subsequent build;
an amount of fusing agent deposited in the subsequent build;
warming energy source parameters in the subsequent build;
fusing energy source parameters in the subsequent build;
a ratio of recycled build material and fresh build material; or
a combination thereof.
4 . The method of claim 3 , further comprising washing the recycled build material for use in the subsequent build.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the warming agent is non-uniformly deposited across the second portion.
6 . A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium storing instructions that when by a processor, cause the processor to perform processing comprising:
controlling a fusing agent deposition device to deposit a fusing agent on a first portion of a layer of build material that is to form a three-dimensional (3D) object, wherein the fusing agent has a first absorption spectrum;
controlling a warming agent deposition device to deposit a warming agent on a second portion of the layer, wherein the warming agent has a second absorption spectrum different than the first absorption spectrum;
controlling a warming energy source with a second emission spectrum to deliver energy to the layer of build material such that the second portion is heated to a temperature below a melting temperature of the build material; and
controlling a fusing energy source with a first emission spectrum to deliver energy to the layer of build material such that the first portion is heated to the melting temperature,
wherein controlling the warming agent deposition device to deposit the warming agent and controlling the warming energy source with the second emission spectrum are based on an amount of absorption of the second portion from the fusing energy source, and
wherein controlling the fusing agent deposition device to deposit the fusing agent and controlling the fusing energy source with the first emission spectrum are based on an amount of absorption of the first portion from the warming energy source.
7 . The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 6 , wherein:
the first absorption spectrum and the second absorption spectrum overlap.
8 . The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 6 , wherein the processing further comprises:
tracking an amount of warming agent deposited on the layer of build material;
recycling the build material; and
adjusting operation of a subsequent build based on the amount of warming agent deposited on the layer of build material by adjusting:
an amount of warming agent deposited in the subsequent build;
an amount of fusing agent deposited in the subsequent build;
warming energy source parameters in the subsequent build;
fusing energy source parameters in the subsequent build;
a ratio of recycled build material and fresh build material; or
a combination thereof.
9 . The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 8 , wherein the processing further comprises washing the recycled build material for use in the subsequent build.
10 . The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 6 , wherein the warming agent is non-uniformly deposited across the second portion.
11 . An additive manufacturing system comprising:
a fusing agent deposition device configured to deposit a fusing agent on a first portion of a layer of build material that is to form a three-dimensional (3D) object, wherein the fusing agent has a first absorption spectrum;
a warming agent deposition device configured to deposit a warming agent on a second portion of the layer, wherein the warming agent has a second absorption spectrum different than the first absorption spectrum;
a warming energy source with a second emission spectrum configured to deliver energy to the layer of build material such that the second portion is heated to a temperature below a melting temperature of the build material; and
a fusing energy source with a first emission spectrum configured to deliver energy to the layer of build material such that the first portion is heated to the melting temperature,
wherein the warming agent deposition device is to deposit the warming agent and the warming energy source is to deliver the energy with the second emission spectrum based on an amount of absorption of the second portion from the fusing energy source, and
wherein the fusing agent deposition device is to deposit the fusing agent and the fusing energy source is to deliver the energy with the first emission spectrum based on an amount of absorption of the first portion from the warming energy source.
12 . The additive manufacturing system of claim 11 , wherein:
the first absorption spectrum and the second absorption spectrum overlap.
13 . The additive manufacturing system of claim 11 , wherein the warming agent is non-uniformly deposited across the second portion.