Steering input device for specifying a steering movement according to the steer-by-wire concept and method for operating a steering input device
A steering input device for controlling a vehicle according to the steer-by-wire concept. A power train has a moveable steering unit and a drive device with a drive motor for generating a torque acting on the steering unit. The power train also has a controllable magnetorheological coupling device with two coupling components that can be rotated relative to one another. The coupling device is connected in series with the drive device in the power train. A torque can be transmitted between the drive device and the steering unit by the coupling device and can be changed in a targeted manner.
1 . A steering input device for controlling a steering movement, the steering input device comprising:
at least one power train having at least one movable steering unit and at least one drive device having at least one drive motor for generating a torque acting on the at least one movable steering unit, and the at least one movable steering unit being movable by the drive device;
the power train having at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device, the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device having at least two coupling components that can be rotated relative to one another;
the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device being connected in series to the drive device in the power train, and the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device being configured to control a torque transmitted between the drive device and the at least one movable steering unit; and
when the drive device generates a torque, the torque being transmitted to the at least one movable steering unit, via the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device, such that the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device controls how much torque is transmitted to the at least one movable steering unit.
2 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one movable steering unit can only be moved together with at least one of the at least two coupling components.
3 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , wherein:
a manual movement of the at least one movable steering unit is configured to be acted upon with a torque that counteracts the manual movement;
the torque that counteracts the manual movement can be adjusted by the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device; and
the drive device is configured as a torque support for the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device.
4 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the drive device has at least one transmission which can be driven by the drive motor; and
the transmission is self-locking, such that the transmission can receive a torque from the drive motor and pass the torque on to the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device, but cannot move the drive motor.
5 . The steering input device according to claim 4 , wherein:
the transmission has at least one drive member driven by the drive motor and at least one output member driven by the drive member,
the self-locking transmission is configured such that the drive member and the drive motor cannot be driven by the output member.
6 . The steering input device according to claim 5 , wherein at least one of the at least two coupling components is coupled in a rotationally fixed manner to the output member.
7 . The steering input device according to claim 6 , wherein the at least two coupling components coaxially overlap at least in sections with one another, and a radially outer coupling component is coupled in a rotationally fixed manner to the output member.
8 . The steering input device according claim 7 , wherein the drive device has at least two drive motors, the drive motors each having a drive member, and the drive members drive the same output member.
9 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device is arranged between the at least one movable steering unit and the drive device in the power train.
10 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , wherein one of the coupling components is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the at least one movable steering unit, the other of the coupling components is configured to be driven by the drive device, and the drive device is connected on the vehicle side for torque support.
11 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , wherein the drive device is arranged between the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device and the at least one movable steering unit in the power train.
12 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , wherein one of the coupling components is connected to a vehicle side for torque support and the other of the coupling components is configured as a torque support for the drive device.
13 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one movable steering unit has at least one receiving space, and the drive device and the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device are at least partially arranged in the receiving space.
14 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , wherein the drive device and the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device are arranged at least partially at a distance from the at least one movable steering unit, and the drive device and the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device are in an operational mounting position below and/or in the intended forward direction of travel in front of an instrument panel of a vehicle to be steered.
15 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one movable steering unit is configured to be retractable at least for autonomous driving operation.
16 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one fault protection system configured to apply a targeted torque to a mobility of the at least one movable steering unit in an event of a malfunction of the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device such that the at least one movable steering unit is neither blocked nor can be moved without resistance.
17 . The steering input device according to claim 16 , wherein the fault protection system mechanically couples the coupling components to one another in the event of a malfunction such that between the coupling components a minimum friction occurs and/or the coupling components are connected in a rotationally fixed manner.
18 . The steering input device according to claim 17 , wherein:
the fault protection system has at least one permanent magnet device;
a magnetic field of the at least one permanent magnet is configured to brake the mobility of the coupling components with a defined torque; and
the magnetic field of the permanent magnet device is configured to be reduced and/or amplified in normal operation by an electrical coil device.
19 . The steering input device according to claim 16 , wherein the fault protection system has at least one electrical energy storage for supplying energy to the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device in the event of a malfunction, and the energy storage is configured to provide energy for an electrical coil device to influence a magnetorheological medium.
20 . The steering input device according to claim 19 , wherein the energy storage is arranged within the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device.
21 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one controllable steering lock for blocking a mobility of the at least one movable steering unit, and the steering lock being configured as an exit aid.
22 . The steering input device according to claim 21 , wherein the steering lock is provided by the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device, and the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device is configured to transmit a torque of more than 25 Nm to provide the steering lock.
23 . The steering input device according to claim 22 , wherein the steering lock has a blocking device, and the blocking device is configured to block the mobility of the at least one movable steering unit independently of the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device.
24 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , further comprising an actuator device for converting a steering movement carried out with the at least one movable steering unit into a vehicle movement, and wherein the at least one movable steering unit and the actuator device are operatively connected only according to the steer-by-wire concept in normal operation.
25 . The steering input device according claim 1 , further comprising a gap between the coupling components at least partially filled with a magnetorheological medium, and wherein the magnetorheological medium can be influenced by at least one magnetic field generated by an electrical coil device to control the mobility of the coupling components.
26 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , wherein a switching time of the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device is less than 10 ms.
27 . The steering input device according to claim 1 , wherein a basic torque of the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device is less than 0.1 Nm.
28 . A method for operating a steering input device, the method comprising:
providing a steering input device for controlling a steering movement, the steering input device having:
at least one power train having at least one movable steering unit and at least one drive device having at least one drive motor for generating a torque acting on the at least one movable steering unit, and the at least one movable steering unit being movable by the drive device,
the power train having at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device, the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device having at least two coupling components that can be rotated relative to one another,
the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device being connected in series to the drive device in the power train, and the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device being configured to control a torque transmitted between the drive device and the at least one movable steering unit, and
when the drive device generates a torque, the torque being transmitted to the at least one movable steering unit, via the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device, such that the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device controls how much torque is transmitted to the at least one movable steering unit;
changing a torque that is transmitted between the drive device and the at least one movable steering unit with the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device; and
actively moving the at least one movable steering unit with the drive device and/or supporting the torque of a manual movement of the at least one movable steering unit with the drive device.
29 . The method according to claim 28 , wherein the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device enables the torque between the drive device and the at least one movable steering unit only after a start-up phase of the drive device.
30 . The method according to claim 28 , wherein the at least one controllable magnetorheological coupling device regulates the torque between the drive device and the at least one movable steering unit such that the torque fluctuations and/or a speed ripple of the drive device can be at least partially offset.