Gas management apparatus, and method for conditioning anode gas of a fuel cell

1 . A gas management apparatus for conditioning anode gas of a fuel cell, the apparatus comprising:

a fluid tank which, in an installation position, has a top side and a lower side, as well as an interior,

a water separator, which is fluidically connected to the fluid tank, arranged in the interior of the fluid tank, or both,

a gas supply line to the water separator,

a gas drainage pipe from the water separator,

a riser for water from the fluid tank, the riser being connected at a lower end to a lower region of the interior of the fluid tank, or projecting into the lower region, or both, and being connected at an upper end to a drainage valve,

wherein the drainage valve is arranged in an upper region of the fluid tank, above a top side of the fluid tank, or both, the drainage valve configured to be connected at an outlet side to a central drainage pipe, and

wherein gases, liquids, or both are configured to be discharged via the drainage valve during proper operation.

2 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the riser is fluidically connected to the interior of the fluid tank via a bypass line, the bypass line being arranged in a bore, or an opening, or both of the riser.

3 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:

an emergency valve in the riser in the upper region of the interior which is configured to establish a fluidic connection from the interior of the fluid tank into the riser.

4 . The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein a bypass line is arranged in the interior and above the emergency valve.

5 . The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the bypass line is provided with a valve which is open in a permanent state and which closes the bypass line above a limit value of a volume flow, an internal pressure in the riser, or a combination thereof.

6 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:

at least one further vent line via which the interior may be fluidically connected to the drainage valve, wherein the at least one further vent line having no direct fluidic connection to the riser, and wherein the drainage valve comprises a multi-port valve.

7 . The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the drainage valve comprises internal line paths in a valve position in which a fluidic connection is established between the interior of the fluid tank and the riser.

8 . The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the drainage valve comprises internal line paths in a valve position in which a line connection is established between the interior of the fluid tank and the central drainage pipe, with simultaneous closing of the riser.

9 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein two separate valves with associated lines for discharge of gases, water, or both are not provided.

10 . A method for operating a fuel cell and for removing gas, or liquid, or both from an anode gas circuit, the gas and liquid being fed to a water separator via a gas supply line downstream of a fuel cell, and separated liquid being discharged in a fluid tank, the method comprising the steps:

at least partial emptying the fluid tank via a drainage valve, and,

at least partial removal of the gas from an anode gas circuit and introduction of clean gas into the anode circuit,

wherein the at least partial removal of gas from the anode gas circuit, or the at least partial emptying of the fluid tank, or both takes place via the drainage valve, and,

wherein the drainage valve being situated in an upper region of the fluid tank, or above a top side of the fluid tank, or both.

11 . The method according to claim 10 , wherein in the at least partial emptying step, in a first sub-step the gas pushes liquid forward through the drainage valve, and in a second sub-step the portion of gas to be discharged is conducted through the drainage valve.

12 . The method according to claim 10 , wherein an emergency discharge step is provided in which, in the event of an excessive pressure rise, or icing, or both in a lower region of the interior, an emergency valve is opened in an upper region of the interior and fluids that are present are discharged from the interior via the riser and the drainage valve into the central drainage pipe.

13 . The method according to claim 10 , wherein the bypass line is closed when at least one limit value of the internal pressure, or of the volume flow in the riser, or both is exceeded.

14 . The method according to claim 13 , wherein the bypass line is closed by a passive check, a pressure relief valve, or both.