Integrated high-extinction ratio unbalanced Mach Zehnder interferometers and integrated Mach Zehnder interferometers incorporating coil resonators
A device may include a first waveguide with an optical input at a first port. A device may include a second waveguide. A device may include a first coupler that optically couples the first waveguide to the second waveguide at a first position. A device may include a waveguide delay arm. A device may include a second coupler that optically couples the first waveguide to the second waveguide at a second position, the second position different from the first position.
1 . A photonic integrated circuit forming part of a Mach Zehnder interferometer, the photonic integrated circuit comprising:
a first waveguide with an optical input at a first port and comprising a waveguide delay arm;
a second waveguide;
a first coupler that optically couples the first waveguide to the second waveguide at a first position;
a waveguide coil resonator; and
a second coupler that optically couples the first waveguide to the second waveguide at a second position, the second position different from the first position.
2 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein light received to the first port sequentially passes first through the first coupler, second through the waveguide delay arm, and third through the second coupler.
3 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide delay arm is 2 meters long.
4 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide delay arm is positioned between the first coupler and the second coupler along a beamline.
5 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein a first output port of the first waveguide and a second output port of the second waveguide is connected to a photodetector such that an optical signal can be used for optical frequency discrimination.
6 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein a first output port of the first waveguide and a second output port of the second waveguide is connected to a detector such that an optical signal can be used to generate a control input for a laser.
7 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the first coupler has a gap of 2 μm and a length of 1.4 mm.
8 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein a first output port of the first waveguide and a second output port of the second waveguide are used for laser stabilization.
9 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a laser, wherein a laser optical wavelength is selected from a list consisting of Deep UV, UV, near UV, Visible, Near IR, Mid IR and IR wavelengths.
10 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the photonic integrated circuit is formed of a material, the material selected from a list consisting of silicon nitride, tantalum pentoxide, aluminum nitride, and alumina oxide.
11 . A photonic integrated circuit forming part of a Mach Zehnder interferometer, the photonic integrated circuit comprising:
a resonator, wherein the resonator is a coil resonator;
a first waveguide comprising an optical input at a first port and a delay arm;
a second waveguide, the second waveguide coupled to the resonator at a first position;
a first coupler that optically couples the first waveguide to the second waveguide at a second position; and
a second coupler that optically couples the first waveguide to the second waveguide at a third position,
wherein the waveguide delay arm is positioned between the first coupler and the second coupler.
12 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 11 , wherein optical properties of the delay arm can be configured by a tuning effect, the tuning effect selected from a list consisting of electro-optic tuning effect, stress-optic tuning effect, current-injection tuning effect, and thermo-optic tuning effect.
13 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 11 , further comprising an output port, wherein an output from the output port is connected to a photodetector such that an optical signal can be used for optical frequency discrimination.
14 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 11 , further comprising an output port, wherein an output from the output port is connected to a detector such that an optical signal can be used to generate a control input for a feedback loop to lock a laser.
15 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 11 , wherein the first coupler has a gap of 1 μm and a length of 1.4 mm.
16 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 11 , wherein a first output port of the first waveguide and a second output port of the second waveguide are used for laser stabilization.
17 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 11 , further comprising a laser, wherein a laser optical wavelength is selected from a list consisting of Deep UV, UV, near UV, Visible, Near IR, Mid IR and IR wavelengths.
18 . The photonic integrated circuit of claim 11 , wherein the photonic integrated circuit is formed of a material, the material selected from a list consisting of silicon nitride, tantalum pentoxide, aluminum nitride, and alumina oxide.