Feed circuit, antenna device, communication device, and communication system utilizing a power divider and phase shift elements
Disclosed embodiments provide a feed circuit, an antenna device, a communication device, and a communication system that are configured to improve passive intermodulation (PIM). In the feed circuit, phase shift elements are disposed along a plurality of parallel branches to cancel PIM caused by semiconductor components in semiconductor modules in the branches.
1 . A feed circuit, comprising:
a power divider having N branches, wherein Nis an integer greater than or equal to 2, the power divider including one input port and M output ports, wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to N, and the N branches are respectively connected to N output ports of the M output ports of the power divider, the N branches comprising N−1 first branches and one second branch;
a semiconductor module disposed on each of the N branches; and
a first phase shift element disposed on each of the N−1 first branches, the first phase shift element being disposed between the semiconductor module and the power divider, and the N−1 first phase shift elements being configured to generate a fixed phase difference between the N branches.
2 . The feed circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the second branch serves as a reference branch whose phase returns to zero in the N branches.
3 . The feed circuit according to claim 1 , wherein a second phase shift element is disposed on the second branch.
4 . The feed circuit according to claim 3 , wherein a phase of a first phase shift element disposed on an i th first branch in the N−1 first branches is i×Φ/N+α, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N−1, Φ is greater than 90° and less than 270°, α is a phase of the second phase shift element, and α is greater than or equal to 0.
5 . The feed circuit according to claim 1 , wherein a phase of a first phase shift element disposed on an i th first branch in the N−1 first branches is i×Φ/N, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N−1, and Φ is greater than 90° and less than 270°.
6 . The feeding circuit according to claim 4 , wherein Φ is 180°.
7 . The feed circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the power divider is an equal-amplitude power divider.
8 . The feed circuit according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a power combiner comprising P input ports and one output port, where P is an integer greater than or equal to N, the N branches being further respectively connected to N input ports of the P input ports of the power combiner; and
a third phase shift element disposed on each of the N branches, the third phase shift element being disposed between the semiconductor module and the power combiner, the N third phase shift elements being configured to enable phases of electrical signals transmitted on the N branches to be the same at input ports of the power combiner.
9 . The feed circuit according to claim 8 , wherein sums of phases of the first phase shift elements disposed on the N−1 first branches and a phase of the corresponding second phase shift element each are θ, where θ is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 360°.
10 . The feed circuit according to claim 8 , wherein the third phase shift element is a delay line or a Schiffman phase shifter.
11 . The feed circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the semiconductor module is a digital phase shifter.
12 . The feed circuit according to claim 11 , wherein the digital phase shifter comprises a diode or a micro-electro-mechanical system.
13 . The feed circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the first phase shift element is a delay line or a Schiffman phase shifter.
14 . An antenna device, comprising:
a feed circuit, wherein the feed circuit comprises:
a power divider having N branches, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the power divider including one input port and M output ports, wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to N, and the N branches are respectively connected to N output ports of the M output ports of the power divider, the N branches comprising N−1 first branches and one second branch;
a semiconductor module disposed on each of the N branches; and
a first phase shift element disposed on each of the N−1 first branches, the first phase shift element being disposed between the semiconductor module and the power divider, and the N−1 first phase shift elements being configured to generate a fixed phase difference between the N branches.
15 . The antenna device according to claim 14 , further comprising:
a radiator connected to the input port of the power divider in the feed circuit.
16 . The antenna device according to claim 14 , wherein the second branch serves as a reference branch whose phase returns to zero in the N branches.
17 . The antenna device according to claim 14 , wherein a phase of a first phase shift element disposed on an i th first branch in the N−1 first branches is i×Φ/N, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N−1, and Φ is greater than 90° and less than 270°.
18 . A communication system, comprising:
an antenna device having a feed circuit, comprising:
a power divider having N branches, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the power divider including one input port and M output ports, wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to N, and the N branches are respectively connected to N output ports of the M output ports of the power divider, the N branches comprising N−1 first branches and one second branch;
a semiconductor module disposed on each of the N branches; and
a first phase shift element disposed on each of the N−1 first branches, the first phase shift element being disposed between the semiconductor module and the power divider, and the N−1 first phase shift elements being configured to generate a fixed phase difference between the N branches.
19 . The communication system according to claim 18 , wherein the antenna device further comprises a radiator connected to the input port of the power divider in the feed circuit.
20 . The communication system according to claim 18 , wherein the second branch serves as a reference branch whose phase returns to zero in the N branches.