Electronic device for measuring effective dynamic range length and method of operating the electronic device

1 . A method of operating an electronic device, the method comprising:

receiving a plurality of reference code values respectively corresponding to a plurality of reference images captured by an image sensor during different exposure times;

receiving a plurality of target code values corresponding to a target image captured by the image sensor;

estimating an inverse camera response function (CRF) by adjusting a scale of the plurality of reference code values so that the scale of the plurality of reference code values matches a scale of the inverse CRF, wherein the inverse CRF estimates radiance corresponding to the plurality of reference code values;

generating a radiance map based on the plurality of reference code values and the inverse CRF; and

measuring an effective dynamic range (DR) length of the image sensor based on the radiance map and the plurality of target code values.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the measuring of the effective DR length comprises:

generating a radiance-code function for the target image based on samples obtained by matching the plurality of target code values to the radiance map;

generating a signal-to-noise ratio code (SNR-code) function for the target image based on an average and standard deviation of adjacent code values that are adjacent to each of the plurality of target code values; and

measuring the effective DR length of the image sensor based on the radiance-code function and the SNR-code function.

3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of reference images comprise standard dynamic range images and the target image comprises a high dynamic range image.

4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the estimating of the inverse CRF comprises adjusting the scale of the plurality of reference code values from a linear scale to a log scale.

5 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the generating of the SNR-code function comprises calculating the average of the adjacent code values that are adjacent to each of the plurality of target code values based on anisotropic kernels respectively corresponding to the plurality of target code values.

6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the anisotropic kernels respectively corresponding to the plurality of target code values are determined based on edges in the target image respectively corresponding to the plurality of target code values.

7 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the target image comprises an edge region and a flat region, and

wherein the generating of the SNR-code function comprises

calculating the average of the adjacent code values by applying an anisotropic kernel to each of a plurality of target code values corresponding to the edge region, and

calculating the average of the adjacent code values by applying an isotropic kernel to each of a plurality of target code values corresponding to the flat region.

8 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the generating of the SNR-code function comprises generating the SNR-code function based on the average and standard deviation of the adjacent code values corresponding to some regions of the target image.

9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the some regions of the target image comprise fewer edges than other regions of the target image.

10 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the measuring of the effective DR length comprises

measuring the effective DR length by determining, based on the SNR-code function, a lower cutoff corresponding to minimum radiance of the effective DR length and

determining, based on the radiance-code function, an upper cutoff corresponding to maximum radiance of the effective DR length.

11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the upper cutoff of the effective DR length is determined based on a point at which a slope of the radiance-code function is 0.

12 . The method of claim 10 , wherein an SNR in the SNR-code function corresponding to the lower cutoff of the effective DR length is greater than or equal to a preset threshold.

13 . A method of operating an electronic device, the method comprising:

receiving a plurality of reference code values respectively corresponding to a plurality of reference images captured by an image sensor during different exposure times;

receiving a plurality of target code values corresponding to a target image captured by the image sensor;

estimating, based on the plurality of reference code values, an inverse camera response function (CRF) for estimating radiance corresponding to each of the plurality of reference code values;

generating a radiance map based on the plurality of reference code values and the inverse CRF;

determining a plurality of kernels respectively corresponding to the plurality of target code values based on an angle of gradient of an edge in the target image corresponding to each of the plurality of target code values; and

measuring an effective dynamic range (DR) length of the image sensor based on the radiance map, the target code values, and the kernels,

wherein at least one of the plurality of kernels includes an anisotropic kernel.

14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the determining of the plurality of kernels comprises determining the plurality of kernels further based on magnitude of gradient of an edge in the target image corresponding to each of the target code values.

15 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the measuring of the effective DR length comprises:

generating a radiance-code function for the target image based on samples respectively obtained by matching the plurality of target code values to the radiance map;

calculating an average and standard deviation of adjacent code values that are adjacent to each of the target code values by applying the plurality of kernels respectively corresponding to the target code values;

generating a signal-to-noise ratio code (SNR-code) function for the target image based on the average and standard deviation of the adjacent code values that are adjacent to each of the target code values; and

measuring the effective DR length of the image sensor based on the radiance-code function and the SNR-code function.

16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the measuring of the effective DR length comprises

measuring the effective DR length by determining, based on the SNR-code function, a lower cutoff of the effective DR length, and

determining, based on the radiance-code function, an upper cutoff of the effective DR length.

17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein a lower cutoff of the effective DR length is determined based on a target code value corresponding to an SNR greater than a preset threshold in the SNR-code function and an upper cutoff of the effective DR length is determined based on radiance at which a slope of the radiance-code function is 0.

18 . The method of claim 13 , further comprising transmitting information about the different exposure times to the image sensor.

19 . An electronic device comprising:

an inverse camera response function (CRF) estimation circuit configured to convert, into a log scale, a scale of a plurality of reference code values respectively corresponding to a plurality of reference images captured by an image sensor during different exposure times, wherein the inverse CRF estimation circuit is configured to estimate an inverse CRF based on the plurality of reference code values converted into the log scale;

a radiance map generation circuit configured to generate a radiance map based on the inverse CRF and the plurality of reference code values having the log scale;

a radiance-code function generation circuit configured to generate a radiance-code function based on the radiance map and a plurality of target code values corresponding to a target image captured by the image sensor;

a signal-to-noise ratio code (SNR-code) function generation circuit configured to generate an SNR-code function for the target image by applying an anisotropic kernel to at least one of the target code values; and

an effective dynamic range (DR) length measurement circuit configured to measure an effective DR length of the image sensor based on a target code value corresponding to radiance at which a slope of the radiance-code function is 0 and a target code value corresponding to an SNR greater than or equal to a preset threshold in the SNR-code function.

20 . The electronic device of claim 19 , wherein the target image comprises a high dynamic range image and the plurality of reference images comprise a standard dynamic range image.