Molybdenum-vanadium-iron- and/or molybdenum-vanadium-aluminium-based oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst materials
This document relates to oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst materials that include molybdenum, vanadium, oxygen, and iron; oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst materials that include molybdenum, vanadium, oxygen, and aluminum; and oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst materials that include molybdenum, vanadium, oxygen, iron, and aluminum.
1 . A catalyst material, comprising:
molybdenum;
vanadium;
oxygen; and
aluminum,
wherein:
a molar ratio of molybdenum to vanadium is from 1:0.1 to 1:0.50;
a molar ratio of molybdenum to aluminum is from 1:1.5 to 1:6.5; and
O is present at least in an amount to satisfy the valency of any present metal oxides.
2 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material comprises less than 0.5 wt. % niobium and less than 0.5 wt. % tellurium.
3 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material comprises less than 0.2 wt. % niobium and less than 0.2 wt. % tellurium.
4 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material does not include a quantity of niobium or tellurium detectable by scanning electron microscope energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS).
5 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material consists essentially of:
molybdenum;
vanadium;
oxygen; and
aluminum.
6 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material has at least five powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) peaks (2θ degrees) chosen from 6.7±0.2, 7.9±0.2, 9.1±0.2, 10.9±0.2, 13.0±0.2, 13.4±0.2, 14.0±0.2, 14.4±0.2, 22.1±0.2, 23.1±0.2, 23.5±0.2, 23.9±0.2, 25.4±0.2, 25.8±0.2, 26.3±0.2, 26.8±0.2, 29.3±0.2, 29.9±0.2, 30.6±0.2, 31.5±0.2, 32.0±0.2, 32.8±0.2, 34.2±0.2, 35.0±0.2, 35.5±0.2, 36.2±0.2, 37.1±0.2, 37.5±0.2, 38.2±0.2, 38.8±0.2, 41.1±0.2, 41.8±0.2, 43.0±0.2, 45.2±0.2, 46.2±0.2, 47.2±0.2, 47.9±0.2, 48.3±0.2, 48.8±0.2, 49.3±0.2, 49.9±0.2, 51.4±0.2, 52.0±0.2, 52.7±0.2, 53.6±0.2, 55.2±0.2, 56.7±0.2, and 57.2±0.2, wherein the PXRD is obtained using CuKα radiation.
7 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material has at least ten powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) peaks (2θ degrees) chosen from 6.7±0.2, 7.9±0.2, 9.1±0.2, 10.9±0.2, 13.0±0.2, 13.4±0.2, 14.0±0.2, 14.4±0.2, 22.1±0.2, 23.1±0.2, 23.5±0.2, 23.9±0.2, 25.4±0.2, 25.8±0.2, 26.3±0.2, 26.8±0.2, 29.3±0.2, 29.9±0.2, 30.6±0.2, 31.5±0.2, 32.0±0.2, 32.8±0.2, 34.2±0.2, 35.0±0.2, 35.5±0.2, 36.2±0.2, 37.1±0.2, 37.5±0.2, 38.2±0.2, 38.8±0.2, 41.1±0.2, 41.8±0.2, 43.0±0.2, 45.2±0.2, 46.2±0.2, 47.2±0.2, 47.9±0.2, 48.3±0.2, 48.8±0.2, 49.3±0.2, 49.9±0.2, 51.4±0.2, 52.0±0.2, 52.7±0.2, 53.6±0.2, 55.2±0.2, 56.7±0.2, and 57.2±0.2, wherein the PXRD is obtained using CuKα radiation.
8 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material has at least five powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) peaks (2θ degrees) chosen from 6.7±0.2, 7.9±0.2, 9.1±0.2, 10.91±0.2, 13.0±0.2, 14.0±0.2, 22.1±0.2, 26.3±0.2, 26.8±0.2, 27.3±0.2, 28.3±0.2, 30.6±0.2, 31.5±0.2, and 45.2±0.2 wherein the PXRD is obtained using CuKα radiation.
9 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material has at least ten powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) peaks (2θ degrees) chosen from 6.7±0.2, 7.9±0.2, 9.1±0.2, 10.9±0.2, 13.0±0.2, 14.0±0.2, 22.1±0.2, 26.3±0.2, 26.8±0.2, 27.3±0.2, 28.3±0.2, 30.6±0.2, 31.5±0.2, and 45.2±0.2 wherein the PXRD is obtained using CuKα radiation.
10 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material has powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) peaks (2θ degrees) at 6.7±0.2, 7.9±0.2, 9.1±0.2, 10.9±0.2, 13.0±0.2, 14.0±0.2, 22.1±0.2, 26.3±0.2, 26.8±0.2, 27.3±0.2, 28.3±0.2, 30.6±0.2, 31.5±0.2, and 45.2±0.2 wherein the PXRD is obtained using CuKα radiation.
11 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material has at least five powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) peaks (2θ degrees) chosen from 6.7±0.2, 7.9±0.2, 9.1±0.2, 10.9±0.2, 13.0±0.2, 14.0±0.2, 22.1±0.2, 26.3±0.2, 26.8±0.2, 27.3±0.2, 28.3±0.2, 30.6±0.2, 31.5±0.2, and 45.2±0.2, and at least one broad peak chosen from 13.9±0.2, 28.2±0.2, 38.5±0.2, 49.1±0.2, 55.7±0.2, and 65.0±0.2, and wherein the PXRD is obtained using CuKα radiation.
12 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material has at least ten powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) peaks (2θ degrees) chosen from 6.7±0.2, 7.9±0.2, 9.1±0.2, 10.9±0.2, 13.0±0.2, 14.0±0.2, 22.1±0.2, 26.3±0.2, 26.8±0.2, 27.3±0.2, 28.3±0.2, 30.6±0.2, 31.5±0.2, and 45.2±0.2, and at least one broad peak chosen from 13.9±0.2, 28.2±0.2, 38.5±0.2, 49.1±0.2, 55.7±0.2, and 65.0±0.2, and wherein the PXRD is obtained using CuKα radiation.
13 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material has powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) peaks (2θ degrees) at 6.7±0.2, 7.9±0.2, 9.1±0.2, 10.9±0.2, 13.0±0.2, 14.0±0.2, 22.1±0.2, 26.3±0.2, 26.8±0.2, 27.3±0.2, 28.3±0.2, 30.6±0.2, 31.5±0.2, and 45.2±0.2, and at least one broad peak chosen from 13.9±0.2, 28.2±0.2, 38.5±0.2, 49.1±0.2, 55.7±0.2, and 65.0±0.2, and wherein the PXRD is obtained using CuKα radiation.
14 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material has a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area from 50 m 2 /g to 300 m 2 /g as determined by a nitrogen physisorption analysis.
15 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material has a pore volume from 0.10 cm 3 /g to 1.00 cm 3 /g as determined by a nitrogen physisorption analysis with a Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) model.
16 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of molybdenum to vanadium is from 1:0.30 to 1:0.45.
17 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of molybdenum to aluminum is from 1:3.0 to 1:6.5.
18 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material has a 35% conversion temperature of from about 300° C. to about 400° C. for ethane in an oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane with a feed gas comprising ethane and oxygen, a flow rate of 70 standard cubic centimeters per minute (sccm) to 80 sccm, a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 2.90 h −1 based on the catalyst, an inlet pressure of 1 pound per square inch gauge (psig) to 2.5 psig, and an outlet pressure of 0 psig to 0.5 psig.
19 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material has a selectivity to ethylene of from about 65% to 99% in an oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane with a feed gas comprising ethane and oxygen, a flow rate of 70 sccm to 80 sccm, a WHSV of 2.90 h −1 based on the catalyst, an inlet pressure of 1 psig to 2.5 psig, and an outlet pressure of 0 psig to 0.5 psig.
20 . The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of an aluminum oxide and aluminum oxide hydroxide.