Fertilising and/or soil conditioning composition intended for culture substrates and/or culture solutions
The present invention relates to a composition intended for culture substrates and/or culture solutions comprising the combination of—(a) at least one clay, siliceous or clay-siliceous mineral compound and—(b) at least one carbon compound comprising at least 5% by mass of total carbon and/or at least 1% by mass of organic carbon relative to the total mass of the carbon compound, said combination being obtainable by heat treating, in the presence of water, the mixture of compounds (a) and (b). It also relates to the method of manufacturing and using same as well as a fertilizer or soil conditioner comprising same and the use thereof.
1 . A composition intended for culture substrates and/or culture solutions consisting of the combination of:
(a) at least one clay, siliceous, or clay-siliceous mineral compound; and
(b) at least one carbon compound comprising at least 5% by mass of total carbon and/or at least 1% by mass of organic carbon relative to the total mass of the carbon compound,
said combination being obtained by heat treating, in the presence of water, the mixture of compounds (a) and (b), wherein the heat treatment consists of heating to a temperature between 30° C. and 95° C., wherein the water content of the combination is between 1% and 5% by mass relative to the total mass of the combination, and wherein the at least one carbon compound (b) is selected from the group consisting of saccharides, chars, biochars, hydrochars, lignosulfonates, and mixtures thereof.
2 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one clay, siliceous, or clay-siliceous mineral compound (a) is selected from the group consisting of clay, diatomaceous earth, tangue, siliceous sand, and mixtures thereof.
3 . The composition according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one clay, siliceous, or clay-siliceous mineral compound (a) is clay.
4 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one carbon compound (b) is selected from the group consisting of glucose, molasses, biochars, and mixtures thereof.
5 . The composition according to claim 4 , wherein the at least one carbon compound (b) is molasses, alone or mixed with a biochar.
6 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the compound (a)/compound (b) mass ratio is in the range between 70/30 and 5/95.
7 . The composition according to claim 6 , wherein the compound (a)/compound (b) mass ratio is in the range between 57/43 and 10/90.
8 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the heat treatment consists of heating to a temperature between 60° C. and 90° C.
9 . A fertilizer or soil conditioner comprising the composition according to claim 1 .
10 . The fertilizer according to claim 9 , which is a simple, binary or ternary solid fertilizer of the mineral fertilizer, organo-mineral fertilizer, organic fertilizer, or a water-soluble fertilizer type.
11 . The soil conditioner according to claim 9 , which is a mineral, organo-mineral, or organic soil conditioner.
12 . The fertilizer or soil conditioner according to claim 9 , further comprising natural or synthetic biostimulant compounds, growth regulators, carboxylic acids, seaweed extracts, humic substances, plant extracts, microbial extracts, minerals, or a combination thereof, and/or any excipient suitable for administration to a culture substrate and/or to a culture solution.
13 . A method for modifying the redox potential and the pH of soils, for stimulating the enzymatic activities of the cycle of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus, for improving the bioavailability of macro-(N, P, K, S, Mg and Ca) and micro-(Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, Se) nutrients, for stimulating bacterial and fungal growth in soils, for promoting the transformation of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) into dinitrogen (N 2 ), for stimulating the production of chlorophyll in plants and/or for increasing the nitrogen content of plants, comprising applying the fertilizer or soil conditioner according to claim 9 .
14 . A method for
reducing the redox potential of an oxidized culture substrate and/or of an oxidized culture solution, or
increasing the redox potential of a reduced culture substrate and/or of a reduced culture solution, and/or
maintaining the redox potential of a culture substrate and/or a culture solution at a value between 450 mV and 350 mV,
comprising applying the fertilizer or soil conditioner according to claim 9 to the surface of the culture substrates or as a mixture with the culture substrates and/or solutions.
15 . A method for
reducing the redox potential of an oxidized culture substrate and/or of an oxidized culture solution, or
increasing the redox potential of a reduced culture substrate and/or of a reduced culture solution, and/or
maintaining the redox potential of a culture substrate and/or a culture solution at a value between 450 mV and 350 mV,
comprising applying the composition according to claim 1 to the surface of the culture substrates, or as a mixture with the culture substrates and/or solutions.
16 . The method according to claim 15 , comprising applying a concentration of 1 kilogram to 200 kilograms of the combination per hectare once or several times.
17 . The method according to claim 15 , comprising applying the combination before and/or during the growth of the cultivated plants.
18 . A method of manufacturing the composition according to claim 1 comprising the following successive steps:
(i) mixing the compounds (a) and (b) in the presence of water, optionally followed by grinding the mixture;
(ii) heat treating the mixture obtained in step (i); and
(iii) recovering the composition obtained in step (ii).
19 . The method according to claim 18 , wherein the water of step (i) is added by humidification in in an amount between 0.1 ml to 10 ml of water per gram of mixture.
20 . The method according to claim 18 , wherein step (ii) consists in heating the mixture to a temperature between 30° C. and 95° C.