Advanced glycation end product analogues
Disclosed are processes for the production of composition comprising one or more fructose amino acids, said process comprising the steps of: (a) providing plant material derived from a botanical source selected from plants of the families Solanaceae, Compositae, (Asteraceae), Guttiferae, Umbelliferae, Papaveraceae, Vitidaceae or Acanthaceae; (b) extracting one or more fructose amino acid(s) from said plant material; and optionally (c) detecting the presence and/or measuring the amount of said fructose amino acid(s) in the extract of step (b).
1 . A method for treating an AGE-mediated disease comprising administering an effective amount of a composition comprising an isolated fructose amino acid, said fructose amino acid being N2-b-D-Fructopyranos-1-yl-Arginine (5-carbamimidamido-2-{[(2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methyl]amino}pentanoic acid) of the formula:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to a human in need thereof, wherein the isolated fructose amino acid is present in the composition at a level of at least 5% w/w, 10% w/w; 15% w/w; 20% w/w; 25% w/w; 30% w/w; 35% w/w; 40% w/w; 45% w/w; 50% w/w, 60% w/w, 70% w/w, 80% w/w, 90% w/w, or 99% w/w (on a dry weight basis).
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is in a tablet, elixir, capsule, pill, troche, lozenge, melt, soap, spray, emulsion, ointment, gel, lipid vesicle, liposome, microparticle, nanoparticle, aerosol, suppository, pessary, tampon, cream, paste, foam, inhaler or syringe.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the AGE-mediated disease is an inflammatory disease; depression; neurodegenerative disorder; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; diabetes; complication and clinical sequelae of diabetes; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; muscle wasting; atherosclerosis; peripheral vascular disease; myocardial infarction; congestive heart failure; diabetic cataracts; diabetic retinopathy; diabetic neuropathy; diabetic nephropathy; or swelling or erythema of the skin and psoriasis.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the AGE-mediated disease is diabetes; complication and clinical sequelae of diabetes; diabetic cataracts; diabetic retinopathy; diabetic neuropathy; or diabetic nephropathy.
5 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the AGE-mediated disease is type I diabetes or type II diabetes.