Use of distributed generator (DG) inverters as STATCOMs for decreasing line losses
The invention provides systems, methods, and devices relating to the provision of system-wide coordinated control voltage regulation support in power transmission and distribution networks using multiple inverter based power generation or absorption facilities, which are coupled to the power transmission and distribution networks for minimizing transmission and distribution line losses and for performing Conservation Voltage Reduction. The invention uses a novel control method of inverter based Distributed Generators as Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) in a way that provides dynamic voltage regulation/control, thereby performing at least one of: reduction of line losses, Conservation Voltage Reduction, reduction of load demand, lowering peak demand and reduction of energy consumption The invention is also applicable for use with microgrids.
1 . A method for use in a power utility network having a utility energy control center, said method comprising:
(a) determining reference voltages for specific inverter-based facilities in said power utility network, said specific inverter-based facilities being facilities that are participating in performing at least one of a specific set of functions in said power utility network, said reference voltages being voltage levels that perform one or more of said specific set of functions within said power utility network when implemented at said specific inverter-based facilities;
(b) at one or more of said specific inverter-based facilities, regulating a voltage level at a point of common coupling with said power utility network, said voltage level being regulated towards a corresponding one of said reference voltages, said regulating being performed by either of:
injecting controlled reactive power into said power utility network; or
absorbing controlled reactive power from said power utility network;
wherein each of said reference voltages is
determined autonomously by said specific inverter-based facilities; and
wherein each of said specific inverter-based facilities is one of:
a photovoltaic solar farm;
a photovoltaic solar farm with energy storage system;
a wind farm;
a wind farm with energy storage system;
an energy storage system;
an electric vehicle battery charging system; and
a voltage source inverter-based facility; and
wherein said specific set of functions includes at least one of:
reduction of line losses;
Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR);
reduction of load demand;
reduction of peak demand; and
reduction of energy consumption.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein, when said specific inverter-based facilities include at least one photovoltaic solar farm, said at least one photovoltaic solar farm executes said injecting of controlled reactive power or said absorbing of controlled reactive power during any of: (i) nighttime, (ii) daytime, or (iii) nighttime and daytime.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein said specific inverter-based facilities provide dynamic reactive power compensation as STATCOM through said injecting of controlled reactive power and through said absorbing of controlled reactive power.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein said method is used with multiple ones of said specific inverter-based facilities to provide system wide coordinated voltage regulation support in said power utility network for performing said at least one of said specific set of functions.
5 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein said method is used to provide system wide coordinated voltage regulation support in said power utility network for performing said at least one of said specific set of functions, using at least one of the following:
a tap-changing transformer;
a load tap changer;
a line regulator;
a generator excitation control;
a voltage regulator;
a switchable capacitor bank;
a Static Var Compensator;
a STATCOM;
a voltage control device; and
a circuit reconfiguration.
6 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising a step of charging a power utility for providing said voltage control support to said power utility network.
7 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein said power utility network is any one of:
a power transmission network;
a power distribution network;
a microgrid; or
any combination of the above.