Data relocation based on tracking hard errors in non-volatile memory devices

1 . A method for improving a performance of a memory device, comprising:

obtaining a hard error percentage of a first page in the memory device, a spare byte percentage of the first page, and a total error count associated with the first page,

wherein a hard error in a memory cell of the first page corresponds to a voltage of the memory cell exceeding a range of voltages associated with a soft read of the memory cell,

wherein a spare byte corresponds to an unused byte in the first page, and

wherein the total error count is a total number of bit errors in the first page;

determining that the total error count is greater than a threshold value,

wherein the threshold value is determined based on the hard error percentage and the spare byte percentage; and

performing, based on the determining, a data relocation operation that relocates at least some data from the first page to a second page different from the first page.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least some data from the first page comprises all data that can be retrieved from the first page during the data relocation operation.

3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the data relocation operation is performed during a host read of the first page.

4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the data relocation operation is performed during a background scan read of the first page.

5 . The method of claim 4 , comprising:

receiving, from a host, a read request for data from the first page; and

routing, subsequent to the data relocation operation, the read request to retrieve the data from the second page.

6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the memory cell is a single-level cell (SLC) or a multi-level cell (MLC), and the hard error corresponds to the voltage exceeding 400 mV from an optimal read threshold of the memory cell.

7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the memory cell is a quad-level cell (QLC), and the hard error corresponds to the voltage exceeding 250 mV from an optimal read threshold of the memory cell.

8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the total error count corresponds to a failed bit count.

9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the threshold value is determined, based on the hard error percentage (HEP) and the spare byte percentage (SBP), as:

SBP ≤ 8%

8% < SBP ≤ 12%

SBP > 12%

HEP ≤ 10%

500

600

700

10% < HEP ≤ 30%

400

500

500

HEP > 30%

300

400

 300.

10 . A system for improving a performance of a memory device, comprising:

a processor and a memory including instructions stored thereupon, wherein the instructions upon execution by the processor cause the processor to:

obtain a hard error percentage of a first page in the memory device, a spare byte percentage of the first page, and a total error count associated with the first page,

wherein a hard error in a memory cell of the first page corresponds to a voltage of the memory cell exceeding a range of voltages associated with a soft read of the memory cell,

wherein a spare byte corresponds to an unused byte in the first page, and

wherein the total error count is a total number of bit errors in the first page;

determine that the total error count is greater than a threshold value,

wherein the threshold value is determined based on the hard error percentage and the spare byte percentage; and

perform, based on the determining, a data relocation operation that relocates at least some data from the first page to a second page different from the first page.

11 . The system of claim 10 , wherein the at least some data from the first page comprises all data that can be retrieved from the first page during the data relocation operation.

12 . The system of claim 10 , wherein the data relocation operation is performed during a host read of the first page.

13 . The system of claim 10 , wherein the data relocation operation is performed during a background scan read of the first page.

14 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the instructions upon execution by the processor cause the processor to:

receive, from a host, a read request for data from the first page; and

route, subsequent to the data relocation operation, the read request to retrieve the data from the second page.

15 . The system of claim 10 , wherein the total error count corresponds to a failed bit count.

16 . A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereupon for improving a performance of a memory device, comprising:

instructions for obtaining a hard error percentage of a first page in the memory device, a spare byte percentage of the first page, and a total error count associated with the first page in the memory device,

wherein a hard error in a memory cell of the first page corresponds to a voltage of the memory cell exceeding a range of voltages associated with a soft read of the memory cell,

wherein a spare byte corresponds to an unused byte in the first page, and

wherein the total error count is a total number of bit errors in the first page;

instructions for determining that the total error count is greater than a threshold value,

wherein the threshold value is determined based on the hard error percentage and the spare byte percentage; and

instructions for performing, based on the determining, a data relocation operation that relocates at least some data from the first page to a second page different from the first page.

17 . The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 16 , wherein the at least some data from the first page comprises all data that can be retrieved from the first page during the data relocation operation.

18 . The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 16 , wherein the data relocation operation is performed during a host read of the first page.

19 . The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 16 , wherein the data relocation operation is performed during a background scan read of the first page.

20 . The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 19 , comprising:

receiving, from a host, a read request for data from the first page; and

routing, subsequent to the data relocation operation, the read request to retrieve the data from the second page.