High gain patch antenna and method of manufacturing the same

1 . An antenna comprising:

a substrate with a flat structure comprising a dielectric;

a cross-shaped conductor arranged at a center of an upper part of the substrate; and

radiator units on the upper part of the substrate, arranged respectively in four divided areas formed by the cross-shaped conductor on the upper part of the substrate,

wherein

each of the radiator units is arranged to have a 90-degree difference from an adjacent radiator unit with respect to a center of the substrate, and

the cross-shaped conductor is configured to generate coupling when circular polarization occurs in the radiator units;

wherein

the cross-shaped conductor comprises a plurality of shorting pins arranged at a distance from a center of the cross-shaped conductor that is greater than a distance from the center of the cross-shaped conductor to the radiator units.

2 . The antenna of claim 1 , wherein

each of the radiator units comprises:

a main radiator comprising a feeding pin and a shorting pin; and

a plurality of auxiliary radiators comprising shorting pins.

3 . The antenna of claim 2 , wherein

the plurality of auxiliary radiators is arranged adjacent to the main radiator, and

lengths of the plurality of auxiliary radiators are shorter than a length of the main radiator.

4 . The antenna of claim 2 , wherein

the feeding pin of the main radiator is arranged closer to the cross-shaped conductor than the shorting pin of the main radiator is to the cross-shaped conductor.

5 . The antenna of claim 1 , further comprising:

a plurality of parasitic elements arranged on edges that are not in contact with the cross-shaped conductor, among edges of the four areas,

wherein the plurality of parasitic elements is arranged symmetrically with respect to the cross-shaped conductor.

6 . The antenna of claim 2 , further comprising:

an antenna ground arranged on a lower part of the substrate,

wherein the plurality of shorting pins of the cross-shaped conductor, the shorting pin of the main radiator, and the shorting pins of the auxiliary radiators are connected to the antenna ground.

7 . The antenna of claim 6 , wherein

the antenna ground comprises a cross-shaped slot arranged at a position corresponding to the center of the upper part of the substrate at which the cross-shaped conductor is arranged,

wherein a size of the cross-shaped slot is smaller than a size of the cross-shaped conductor.

8 . The antenna of claim 2 , further comprising:

a feed network and/or a radio-frequency (RF) circuit arranged on a lowest layer of the antenna,

wherein the feeding pin of the main radiator is connected to the feed network and/or the RF circuit.

9 . An antenna comprising:

a substrate with a flat structure comprising a dielectric;

a cross-shaped conductor arranged at a center of an upper part of the substrate;

radiator units on the upper part of the substrate, arranged respectively in four divided areas formed by the cross-shaped conductor on the upper part of the substrate; and

an antenna ground comprising a cross-shaped slot arranged on a lower part of the substrate,

wherein

each of the radiator units is arranged to have a 90-degree difference from an adjacent radiator unit with respect to a center of the substrate, and

the cross-shaped conductor is configured to generate coupling when circular polarization occurs in the radiator units, and

wherein

the cross-shaped conductor comprises a plurality of shorting pins arranged at a distance from a center of the cross-shaped conductor that is greater than a distance from the center of the cross-shaped conductor to the radiator units.

10 . The antenna of claim 9 , wherein

each of the radiator units comprises:

a main radiator comprising a feeding pin and a shorting pin; and

a plurality of auxiliary radiators comprising shorting pins.

11 . The antenna of claim 10 , wherein

the plurality of auxiliary radiators is arranged adjacent to the main radiator, and

lengths of the plurality of auxiliary radiators are shorter than a length of the main radiator.

12 . The antenna of claim 10 , wherein

the feeding pin of the main radiator is arranged closer to the cross-shaped conductor than the shorting pin of the main radiator is to the cross-shaped conductor.

13 . The antenna of claim 9 , further comprising:

a plurality of parasitic elements arranged on edges that are not in contact with the cross-shaped conductor, among edges of the four areas,

wherein the plurality of parasitic elements is arranged symmetrically with respect to the cross-shaped conductor.

14 . The antenna of claim 10 , wherein

the plurality of shorting pins of the cross-shaped conductor, the shorting pin of the main radiator, and the shorting pins of the auxiliary radiators are connected to the antenna ground.

15 . The antenna of claim 9 , wherein

the cross-shaped slot is arranged at a position corresponding to the center of the upper part of the substrate at which the cross-shaped conductor is arranged,

wherein a size of the cross-shaped slot is smaller than a size of the cross-shaped conductor.

16 . The antenna of claim 10 , further comprising:

a feed network and/or a radio-frequency (RF) circuit arranged on a lowest layer of the antenna,

wherein the feeding pin of the main radiator is connected to the feed network and/or the RF circuit.

17 . A method of manufacturing an antenna, the method comprising:

arranging a substrate with a flat structure comprising a dielectric on an upper part of an antenna ground;

arranging a cross-shaped conductor and radiator units on an upper part of the substrate;

forming shorting pins for the radiator units and the cross-shaped conductor; and

arranging the shorting pins at a distance from a center of the cross-shaped conductor that is greater than a distance from the center of the cross-shaped conductor to the radiator units,

wherein the cross-shaped conductor is arranged at a center of the upper part of the substrate,

wherein the radiator units are arranged in each of four divided areas formed by the cross-shaped conductor on the upper part of the substrate, and

wherein

each of the radiator units is arranged to have a 90-degree difference from an adjacent radiator unit with respect to a center of the substrate, and

the cross-shaped conductor is configured to generate coupling when circular polarization occurs in the radiator units.

18 . The method of claim 17 ,

wherein a main radiator comprised in the radiator units comprises a shorting pin and a feeding pin.