ESD protection circuit

1 . An ESD protection circuit which is configured to provide ESD protection between a first rail at an operating potential and a second rail at a reference potential;

wherein the ESD protection circuit comprises,

a detection unit which is configured to detect an ESD event between the first rail and the second rail; and

a clamp unit configured to provide a discharge path between the first rail and the second rail, in reaction to an ESD event detected by the detection unit; wherein the clamp unit comprises a main bipolar junction transistor which is cascoded with an additional bipolar junction transistor for providing the discharge path, wherein:

the main bipolar junction transistor and the additional bipolar junction transistor are arranged in series between the first rail at the operating potential and the second rail at the reference potential; and

the ESD protection circuit is configured to close the main bipolar junction transistor and the additional bipolar junction transistor in a synchronized manner to provide the discharge path, in reaction to an ESD event detected by the detection unit.

2 . The ESD protection circuit of claim 1 , wherein the additional bipolar junction transistor is part of a silicon-controlled rectifier, such that the main bipolar junction transistor is cascoded with the silicon-controlled rectifier for providing the discharge path.

3 . The ESD protection circuit of claim 1 , wherein the additional bipolar junction transistor is a pnp bipolar junction transistor.

4 . The ESD protection circuit of claim 3 , wherein a base of the pnp bipolar junction transistor is directly coupled to an emitter of the pnp bipolar junction transistor.

5 . The ESD protection circuit of claim 1 , wherein the additional bipolar junction transistor is a npn bipolar junction transistor.

6 . The ESD protection circuit of claim 1 , wherein the main bipolar junction transistor is a npn bipolar junction transistor.

7 . The ESD protection circuit of claim 1 , wherein

the detection unit comprises a detection node;

the detection unit is configured such that a signal at the detection node changes upon occurrence of an ESD event; and

the ESD protection circuit is configured to generate a control signal for controlling the main bipolar junction transistor and the additional bipolar junction transistor based on the signal at the detection node.

8 . The ESD protection circuit of claim 7 , wherein the ESD protection circuit comprises an inverter unit which is configured to generate the control signal in dependence of the signal at the detection node.

9 . The ESD protection circuit of claim 1 , wherein

the ESD protection circuit comprises a second clamp unit which is configured to provide a second discharge path between the first rail and the second rail, in reaction to an ESD event detected by the detection unit; and

the second clamp unit comprises a MOS transistor for providing the second discharge path.

10 . The ESD protection circuit of claim 9 , wherein

the detection unit is configured to provide a signal indicative of an ESD event at a detection node;

the ESD protection circuit comprises one or more first inverter units for generating a control signal for controlling the main bipolar junction transistor based on the signal at the detection node; and

the ESD protection circuit comprises a second inverter unit for generating a control signal for controlling the MOS transistor based on the signal at the detection node.

11 . The ESD protection circuit of claim 10 , wherein

the one or more first inverter units are configured to generate the control signal for controlling the main bipolar junction transistor based on the control signal for controlling the MOS transistor, which is provided by the second inverter unit; or

the second inverter unit is configured to generate the control signal for controlling the MOS transistor based on the control signal for controlling the main bipolar junction transistor, which is generated by the one or more first inverter units.

12 . The ESD protection circuit of claim 1 , wherein

the detection unit comprises a resistor and a capacitor, which are arranged in series between the first rail and the second rail; and

a signal at a detection node between the resistor and the capacitor is indicative of an ESD event.

13 . An integrated circuit comprising

circuitry with one or more MOS transistors; and

an ESD protection circuit according to claim 1 for protecting the circuitry with the one or more MOS transistors.