Thermoformable multi-layer film
Thermoformable plastic films can be formed into bags, pouches, trays, etc. which are useful when packaging foodstuffs and other products. These films enjoy widespread use in the packaging of meat and other oxygen sensitive products due to the gas permeation barrier provided. Thermoformable packaging films comprise one or more layers of thermoplastic, including olefinic copolymers, amorphous and crystalline nylons, ionomeric polymers, and polyolefins. By selecting the type and combination order of thermoplastics, a packaging film was developed that provides excellent impact and abrasion resistance, sealability, thermoformability, and optical clarity.
1. A multi-layer thermoformable plastic film comprising:
an outer layer comprising a blend of a very low density polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate, and a compatibilizer, wherein said very low density polyethylene is an ethylene α-olefin copolymer having a density between 0.900 and 0.915 g/cm 3 and said compatibilizer is an ethylene α-olefin copolymer having a density less than 0.900 g/cm 3 ;
an intermediate layer comprising a mixture of nylon 6,66 copolymer and an amorphous nylon;
an inner heat sealing layer comprising a polyolefin or ionomeric polymer; and
at least one adhesive that bonds said outer, intermediate, and inner layers together.
2. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the outer layer comprises a blend of:
about 30% to 50% by weight very low density polyethylene, based on the total weight of the outer layer;
about 30% to 45% by weight ethylene vinyl acetate, based on the total weight of the outer layer; and
about 10% to 24% by weight of a compatibilizer, based on the total weight of the outer layer.
3. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the outer layer comprises a blend of:
about 44% by weight very low density polyethylene, based on the total weight of the outer layer;
about 36% by weight ethylene vinyl acetate, based on the total weight of the outer layer; and
about 15% by weight of a compatibilizer, based on the total weight of the outer layer.
4. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein said compatibilizer is an ethylene α-olefin copolymer having a density less than 0.900 g/cm 3 with a melting point range of 55-75° C.
5. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein said compatibilizer is a plastomer-type ethylene α-olefin copolymer having a density of 0.88 g/cm 3 , a melt index of 1.4 (g/10 min), and a melting point of 71° C.
6. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the outer layer has a thickness of about 45 μm to 75 μm.
7. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the outer layer has a thickness of about 52 μm to 63 μm.
8. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the outer layer has a thickness of about 55 μm.
9. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , further comprising a processing aid.
10. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 9 , wherein the processing aid comprises a fluroelastomer.
11. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 9 , wherein the outer layer comprises about 200 to 2000 ppm of a processing aid.
12. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 11 , wherein the outer layer comprises about 1200 ppm of a processing aid.
13. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer comprises:
about 75% to 92% by weight of nylon 6,66 based on the total weight of the intermediate layer; and
about 8% to 25% by weight of amorphous nylon, based on the total weight of the intermediate layer.
14. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer comprises:
about 80% by weight of nylon 6,66, based on the total weight of the intermediate layer; and
about 20% by weight of amorphous nylon, based on the total weight of the intermediate layer.
15. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein nylon 6,66 is an 85/15 copolymer with the 85 being the nylon 6 component and having a Differential Scanning Calorimeter melting point of 195-200 C.
16. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous nylon is a nylon having no measurable melting point as measured by Differential Scanning Calorimeter using ASTM 3417-83.
17. The amorphous nylon of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous nylon is a polyamide 61/6T resin having a density of 119 kg/m 3 and a glass transition temperature of 127° C.
18. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer has a thickness of about 40 μm to 60 μm.
19. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer has a thickness of about 45 μm to 55 μm.
20. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer has a thickness of about 50 μm.
21. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the inner layer comprises a zinc ionomer.
22. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the inner layer comprises a zinc salt of an ethylene/organic acid copolymer (zinc ionomer) having a melt index of 1.5 to 1.6 dg/min and a melting point of 94-97° C.
23. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the inner layer comprises a sodium ionomer.
24. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the inner layer comprises a sodium salt of an ethylene/organic acid copolymer (sodium ionomer) having a melt index of 1.3 dg/min and a melting point of 98° C.
25. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the inner layer comprises a metallocene catalyzed ethylene-olefin copolymer.
26. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the inner layer comprises an ethylene α-olefin resin having a density of 0.902 g/cc, a melting point of 99 to 100° C., and a melt index of 1.0 g/10 min.
27. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the inner layer has a thickness of greater than 37 μm.
28. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the inner layer has a thickness of about 45 μm.
29. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein at least one adhesive comprises anhydride modified polyolefin or polyolefin copolymer.
30. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the at least one adhesive comprises an anhydride-modified ethylene vinyl acetate resin having a density of 0.925 g/cm 3 , a melt index of 2.3 dg/min, and a melting point of 102° C.
31. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the at least one adhesive forms bonding interfaces between the outer layer and the intermediate layer, and between the intermediate layer and the inner layer, wherein said bonding interfaces have a thickness of about 5 μm to 25 μm.
32. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the at least one adhesive forms bonding interfaces between the outer layer and the intermediate layer, and between the intermediate layer and the inner layer, wherein said bonding interfaces have a thickness of about 10 μm to 20 μm.
33. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , wherein the at least one adhesive forms bonding interfaces between the outer layer and the intermediate layer, and between the intermediate layer and the inner layer, wherein said bonding interfaces have a thickness of about 15 μm.
34. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 1 , in combination with a closing film, where the closing film is in contact with and heat sealed to the inner layer of the multi-layer thermoformable film.
35. The multi-layer thermoformable film of claim 34 , where the inner layer of the multi-layer thermoformable film is in contact with a foodstuff.