System and process for automated microcontact printing

1. An automated process, comprising the steps of:

a. providing a substrate and a stamp;

b. automatically aligning the substrate and stamp so that the stamp is aligned to impart a pattern to the substrate at a desired location and with a desired orientation on the substrate, the alignment step including the substeps of controlling six degrees of freedom defining movement of at least one of the stamp and the substrate in three-dimensional space;

c. applying an ink to the stamp, the ink including a molecular species adapted to form a self-assembling monolayer (SAM) on the substrate;

d. contacting the stamp and the substrate for a predetermined period of time to form a contact surface, the contacting step including the substep of using a force sensor to generate feedback data for automatically controlling the movement of an actuator, the movement of the actuator providing an applied force that, based on the feedback data, permits localized pressure differences on the contact surface to accommodate local differences in geometry;

e. separating the stamp from the substrate after the expiration of the pre-determined period of time; and

f. performing a post-processing step after the stamping process.

2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the post-processing step includes the substep of etching the substrate.

3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the post-processing step includes an additive process.

4. An apparatus for automated microcontact printing, comprising:

a stamping device including at least one stamp, the stamp fabricated from a composite material, wherein the composite material has a filler dispersed in a polymeric matrix;

an aligning device including a feedback system, the aligning device configured to automatically align the stamp with a substrate to impart a pattern to the substrate at a desired location on the substrate; and

an inking device arranged and configured to apply an ink to the stamp, the ink including a molecular species adapted to form a self-assembling monolayer (SAM) on the substrate; and

a force sensor configured to generate feedback data for controlling the movement of the stamping device;

wherein the inking device is configured to apply ink to the stamp, the aligning device is configured to align the stamp and the substrate and the stamping device is configured to cause the stamp to contact the substrate via an applied force that, based on the feedback data generated by the force sensor, permits localized pressure differences on a contact surface to accommodate local differences in geometry, and impart the pattern of the molecular species to the substrate, and separate the stamp from the substrate.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the filler is employed to adjust at least one of a mechanical, optical, thermal, and magnetic property of the stamp material.

6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the filler includes at least one of silica particles, titania particles, metal oxide particles, carbon black, and carbon powders.

7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the post-processing step includes an additive process so as to deposit material onto at least one of an area of the substrate having already received printing and an area of the substrate not printed upon.

8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the post-processing step includes an inspection procedure which is performed at least one of visually, by microscopy, by scanning electron microscopy, by chemical atomic force microscopy, via test metrology, by continuity testing, electrically, via optical integrity testing, by substrate reflectivity, transparency, ellipsometry, surface plasmon resonance, via camera (CCD) imaging, contact angle determination, and microscopy.