Granted Patent B2

US 6,895,106 · App. 09/950,544 · Granted May 17, 2005

Abstract

Claims (64)

1. A method of forming a composite digital image comprising:

providing 1-N digital images formed from 1-N contiguous segments of a larger radiographic image recorded in 1-N overlapping storage phosphor screens wherein N is equal to or greater than 2 and wherein the image content in the overlapped region of contiguous images is the same, and an end edge of a screen nearest an x-ray source is present in both contiguous images;

selecting a pair of contiguous digital images, wherein one image of the pair is closer to said x-ray source than an other image of the pair;

correcting for any geometric distortion if applicable in said pair of digital images based on the distance between x-ray source and said storage phosphor screen;

determining any rotational displacement and any vertical displacement between said pair of digital images by matching an end edge of said one image present in said pair of images;

correcting for image orientation if applicable based on any said rotational displacement;

determining any horizontal displacement between said pair of digital images by correlating the image content in said overlapping regions of said pair of digital images;

stitching said pair of digital images together to form a larger composite digital image along said one image edge based on any said horizontal and vertical displacement; and

repeating said correcting for any geometric distortion to said stitching with the larger composite image and the next consecutive overlapping digital image until all N digital images are stitched together to form a full composite image,

wherein, at the time of recording, said overlapping storage phosphor screens are contained in staggered cassettes that are staggered in an alternating arrangement or an oblique arrangement.

2. The method of forming a composite digital image comprising:

providing 1-N digital formed from 1-N contiguous phosphor screens wherein N is equal to or greater than 2 and wherein the image content in the overlapped region of contiguous images is the same, and an end edge of a screen nearest an x-ray source is present in both contiguous images;

selecting a pair of contiguous digital images, wherein one image of the pair is closer to said x-ray source than an other image of the pair;

correcting for any geometric distortion if applicable in said pair of digital images based on the distance between x-ray source and said storage phosphor screen;

determining any rotational displacement and any vertical displacement between said pair of digital images by matching an end edge of said one image present in said pair of images;

correcting for image orientation if applicable based on any said rotational displacement;

determining any horizontal displacement between said pair of digital images by correlating the image content in said overlapping regions of said pair of digital images;

stitching said pair of digital images together to form a larger composite digital image along said one image edge based on any said horizontal and vertical displacement; and

repeating said correcting for any geometric distortion to said stitching with the larger composite image and the next consecutive overlapping digital image until all N digital images are stitched together to form a full composite image,

wherein, at the time of recording, said overlapping storage phosphor screens are contained in a single cassette in one of (a) an alternating arrangement, (b) a staircase-wise arrangement, or (c) an oblique arrangement.

3. A method of forming a composite digital image comprising: providing 1-N digital images formed from 1-N contiguous segments of a larger radiographic image recorded in 1-N overlapping storage phosphor screens wherein N is equal to or greater than 2 and wherein the image content in the overlapped region of contiguous images is the same, and an end edge of a screen nearest an x-ray source is present in both contiguous images;

selecting a pair of contiguous digital images, wherein one image of the pair is closer to said x-ray source than an other image of the pair;

correcting for any geometric distortion if applicable in said pair of digital images based on the distance between x-ray source and said storage phosphor screen;

determining any rotational displacement and any vertical displacement between said pair of digital images by matching an end edge of said one image present in said pair of images;

correcting for image orientation if applicable based on any said rotational displacement;

determining any horizontal displacement between said pair of digital images by correlating the image content in said overlapping regions of said pair of digital images;

stitching said pair of digital images together to form a larger composite digital image along said one image edge based on any said horizontal and vertical displacement; and

repeating said correcting for any geometric distortion to said stitching with the larger composite image and the next consecutive overlapping digital image until all N digital images are stitched together to form a full composite image,

wherein at the time of recording, said overlapping storage phosphor screens are arranged so that alternating screens are contained in cassettes and screens intermediate said cassettes directly overlap said cassettes.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein in forming a digital image from a radiographic image recorded in a storage phosphor screen, said screen is overscanned so that the top and bottom edges of said screen are visible in said digital image.

5. The method of claim 3 wherein said correcting for any geometric distortion is a function of the distance of each said storage phosphor screen from said x-ray source.

6. The method of claim 3 wherein said digital image includes a matrix of pixels and wherein said edge of said screen nearest said x-ray source is detected by detecting pixel value discontinuity in said overlap regions of said digital images.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein said detecting is carried out by computing all the significant edge transition pixels in the proximity of the screen overlap edge and performing line delineation of the candidate pixels of the screen overlap edge.

8. The method of claim 6 wherein said detecting is carried out by extracting a narrow band of pixels from the overlapping end of the front image, computing a one-dimensional derivative of the narrow band of pixels in the vertical direction, and fitting a linear function to the candidate edge pixels and the best fitting parameters are obtained when the least square error is readied.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein in said computing one of the operator (a) [−1,0,1], (b) [−1,0,0,0,1], or (c) [−1,0,0,0,0,0,1] is used.

10. The method of claim 3 wherein said correcting the image for image orientation is carried out by one of (a) rotating said one digital image while keeping said other digital image unchanged, (b) rotating said other digital image while keeping said one digital image unchanged, or (c) rotating both said digital images relative to each other.

11. The method of claim 3 wherein said determining any horizontal displacement is carried out (a) by defining and extracting the image overlap region from said one digital image, (b) by defining and extracting the image overlap region of said other digital image and (c) calculating any horizontal displacement by finding maximum of image correlation function.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said image correlation function is computed after the low frequency content is removed from both said image overlap regions.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein said calculating includes low-pass filtering of said correlation function.

14. The method of claim 11 wherein said calculating relies on edge information in said overlap regions, including skin line, tissue boundaries, bone edges, collimation boundaries, and hardware labels.

15. The method of claim 3 wherein in forming a digital image from a radiographic image recorded in a storage phosphor screen, said screen is over-scanned so that at least one edge of said screen is visible in said digital image.

16. A method of forming a composite digital image comprising:

providing 1-N digital images formed from 1-N contiguous segments of a larger radiographic image recorded in 1-N overlapping storage phosphor screens wherein N is equal to or greater than 2 and wherein the image content in the overlapped region of contiguous images is the same, and an end edge of a screen nearest an x-ray source is present in both contiguous images;

selecting a pair of contiguous digital images, wherein one image of the pair is closer to said x-ray source than an other image of the pair;

correcting for any geometric distortion if applicable in said pair of digital images based on the distance between x-ray source and said storage phosphor screen;

determining any rotational displacement and any vertical displacement between said pair of digital images by matching an end edge of said one image present in said pair of images;

correcting for image orientation if applicable based on any said rotational displacement;

determining any horizontal displacement between said pair of digital images by correlating the image content in said overlapping regions of said pair of digital images;

stitching said pair of digital images together to form a larger composite digital image along said one image edge based on any said horizontal and vertical displacement; and

repeating said correcting for any geometric distortion to said stitching with the larger composite image and the next consecutive overlapping digital image until all N digital images are stitched together to form a full composite image,

wherein said correcting for any geometric distortion is a function of the distance of each said storage phosphor screen from said x-ray source, and wherein a reference detector plane is defined at a pre-selected distance from said x-ray source and wherein all the digital images are normalized to this plane.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein said reference detector plane coincides with the plane of one of said screens.

18. The method of claim 16 wherein said reference detector plane coincides with the plane of said screen(s) located closest to said x-ray source.

19. The method of claim 16 wherein said reference detector plane coincides with a front plane of an anti-scatter x-ray grid.

20. A method of forming a composite digital image comprising:

providing 1-N digital images formed from 1-N contiguous segments of a larger radiographic image recorded in 1-N overlapping storage phosphor screens wherein N is equal to or greater than 2 and wherein the image content in the overlapped region of contiguous images is the same, and an end edge of a screen nearest an x-ray source is present in both contiguous images;

selecting a pair of contiguous digital images, wherein one image of the pair is closer to said x-ray source than an other image of the pair;

correcting for any geometric distortion if applicable in said pair of digital images based on the distance between x-ray source and said storage phosphor screen;

determining any rotational displacement and any vertical displacement between said pair of digital images by matching an end edge of said one image present in said pair of images;

correcting for image orientation if applicable based on any said rotational displacement;

determining any horizontal displacement between said pair of digital images by correlating the image content in said overlapping regions of said pair of digital images;

stitching said pair of digital images together to form a larger composite digital image along said one image edge based on any said horizontal and vertical displacement; and

repeating said correcting for any geometric distortion to said stitching with the larger composite image and the next consecutive overlapping digital image until all N digital images are stitched together to form a full composite image,

wherein at the time of recording, collimation is used such that collimation shadow present in said digital images to improve the robustness of said determining any horizontal displacement.

Assignments (12)