Doubly curved optical device for eyewear and method for making the same

1. A thermoformed optical device, comprising:

a pair of opposed flexible substrates; and

a plurality of spacers disposed between said pair of substrates, said substrates having a controlled distance therebetween and adapted to receive a fluid; characterized in that the device is thermoformed to a curved shape while maintaining said controlled distance therebetween, and wherein said substrates are curved to a value of anywhere between 0 to 10 diopter for a first curvature and, independently, a value of 0 to 10 diopter for a second curvature.

2. The device according to claim 1 wherein said controlled distance is about 3 μm or greater.

3. The device according to claim 1 further comprising a fluid material disposed between said pair of substrates.

4. The device according to claim 3 wherein both said substrates have electrode layers disposed thereon and facing one another.

5. A thermoformed optical device, comprising:

a pair of opposed flexible substrates; and

a plurality of spacers disposed between said pair of substrates, said substrates having a controlled distance therebetween and adapted to receive a fluid; characterized in that the device is thermoformed to a curved shape while maintaining said controlled distance therebetween;

a fluid material disposed between said pair of substrates, wherein both said substrates have electrode layers disposed thereon and facing one another, and wherein said curved shape is curved in at least two directions.

6. The device according to claim 5 wherein said fluid material is selected from the group consisting of a resin, a dye, an electrochromic electrolyte, and a liquid crystal material.

7. The device according to claim 5 further comprising a sealant selectively disposed between said pair of substrates.

8. The device according to claim 5 further comprising:

a first half-lens having a curved surface positioned adjacent to one side of said pair of curved substrates, wherein said pair of curved substrates substantially conforms to the shape of said curved surface of said first half-lens.

9. The device according to claim 8 further comprising:

a second half-lens having a curved surface positioned adjacent to the opposite side of said pair of curved substrates, wherein the opposite side of said pair of curved substrates substantially conforms to the shape of said curved surface of said second half-lens.

10. The device according to claim 5 further comprising:

at least a second pair of opposed flexible substrates;

a plurality of uniformly sized spacers disposed between said second pair of substrates, said second substrates having a controlled distance therebetween and adapted to receive a fluid; and

said second pair of substrates thermoformed to said curved shape while maintaining said controlled distance therebetween;

wherein said first and second pairs of substrates substantially conform to each other's curvatures.

11. The device according to claim 10 wherein said first pair of substrates has a first fluid material contained therebetween and wherein said second pair of substrates has a second fluid material contained therebetween.

12. The device according to claim 11 wherein said first and said second pair of substrates are stacked adjacent to one another and substantially conform to each other's curvatures.

13. The device according to claim 10 further comprising:

a first half-lens having a curved surface positioned adjacent to one side of said stacked pairs of substrates, wherein one side of said stacked pairs of substrates substantially conforms to the shape of said curved surface of said first half-lens.

14. The device according to claim 13 further comprising:

a second half-lens having a curved surface positioned adjacent to the opposite side of said stacked pairs of substrates, wherein said opposite side of said stacked pairs of substrates substantially conforms to the shape of said curved surface of said second half-lens.

15. A method for constructing a thermoformed optical device, comprising:

assembling at least one separated layer stack having substantially flat opposed flexible substrates with a controlled distance therebetween to form a gap and adapted to receive a fluid; and

thermoforming said assembled separated layer stack to a desired curvature while maintaining said controlled distance, wherein said curvature is in more than one direction.

16. The method according to claim 15 further comprising:

disposing a fluid material into said gap; and

selectively sealing said gap.

17. The method according to claim 16 wherein said fluid material is selected from a group consisting of a resin, a dye, an electrochromic electrolyte, and a liquid crystal material.

18. A method for constructing a thermoformed optical device, comprising:

assembling at least one separated layer stack having substantially flat opposed flexible substrates with a controlled distance therebetween to form a gap and adapted to receive a fluid;

thermoforming said assembled separated layer stack to a desired curvature while maintaining said controlled distance;

selectively disposing a sealant between said substrates;

disposing a fluid material into said gap; and then

thermoforming said assembled separated layer stack to a desired curvature while maintaining said controlled distance.

19. The method according to claim 18 wherein said fluid material is selected from a group consisting of a resin, a dye, an electrochromic electrolyte, and a liquid crystal material.

20. The method according to claim 18 wherein said curvature is in more than one direction.

21. The method according to claim 18 further comprising:

positioning a first half-lens having a curved surface adjacent to one side of said stack, wherein one side of said stack substantially conforms to the shape of said curved surface of said first half-lens.

22. The method according to claim 21 further comprising:

positioning a second half-lens having a curved surface adjacent to the opposite side of said stack, wherein the opposite side of said stack substantially conforms to the shape of said curved surface of said second half-lens.

23. The method according to claim 18 further comprising:

assembling said separated layer stack from substantially curved substrates, separated by spacers to maintain said controlled distance; and

thermoforming said stack to a desired curvature while maintaining said controlled distance.

24. A method for constructing a thermoformed optical device, comprising:

assembling at least one separated layer stack having substantially flat opposed flexible substrates with a controlled distance therebetween to form a gap and adapted to receive a fluid medium;

thermoforming said assembled separated layer stack to a desired curvature while maintaining said controlled distance;

assembling another separated layer stack with substantially curved opposed flexible substrates with a controlled distance therebetween to form a gap;

selectively disposing a sealant between said substrates;

disposing a fluid medium into said gaps; and

thermoforming said assembled separated layer stacks to a desired curvature while maintaining said controlled distance for each said stack.

25. A method for constructing a thermoformed optical device, comprising:

assembling at least one separated layer stack having substantially flat opposed flexible substrates with a controlled distance therebetween to form a gap and adapted to receive a fluid medium;

thermoforming said assembled separated layer stack to desired curvature while maintaining said controlled distance;

assembling another separated layer stack with substantially flat opposed flexible substrates with a controlled distance therebetween to form a gap and adapted to receive a fluid medium;

thermoforming said assembled separated layer stacks to a desired curvature while maintaining said controlled distance for each said stack;

selectively disposing a sealant between said substrates; and

disposing a fluid medium into said gaps.