Membrane comprising an array of single-wall carbon nanotubes
This invention relates generally to membranes comprising an array of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) wherein the membrane is nanoporous. In one embodiment, the membrane comprises a substantially two-dimensional array of a homogeneous population of single-walled nanotubes aggregated in substantially parallel orientation to form a monolayer extending in directions substantially perpendicular to the orientation of the individual nanotubes. Using single-wall carbon nanotubes of the same type and structure provides a homogeneous array. By using different single-wall carbon nanotubes, either a random or ordered heterogeneous structure can be produced by employing successive reactions after removal of previously masked areas of a substrate. Other embodiments of the invention include batteries comprising a membrane comprising an array of single-wall carbon nanotubes or carbon fibers that are aggregates of single-wall carbon nanotubes, and wherein the plurality of single-wall carbon nanotubes are in a generally parallel orientation.
1. A battery comprising a membrane, wherein the membrane comprises an array of at least 10 6 single-wall carbon nanotubes in a substantially parallel relationship, wherein the array is a substantially two-dimensional array.
2. The battery of claim 1 wherein the battery is a lithium ion battery.
3. A battery comprising a membrane, wherein the membrane comprises carbon fibers that are aggregates of a plurality of at least 10 6 single-wall carbon nanotubes, wherein the plurality of single-wall carbon nanotubes are in a generally parallel orientation, and wherein the membrane is substantially two-demensional.
4. The battery of claim 3 wherein the battery is a lithium ion battery.
5. A membrane comprising an array of at least 10 6 single wall carbon nanotubes in a substantially parallel relationship, wherein the membrane is nanoporous and wherein the array is a substantially two-dimensional array.
6. The membrane of claim 5 wherein the membrane is conductive.
7. A membrane comprising: (a) an array of at least 10 6 single-wall carbon nanotubes in a substantially parallel relationship, wherein the membrane is nanoporous and wherein the array is a substantially two-dimensional array; and (b) at least one photoactive molecule attached to the membrane.
8. A membrane comprising an array of at least 10 6 single-wall carbon nanotubes in a substantially parallel relationship, wherein (a) the membrane is nanoporous; (b) the array is a substantially two-dimensional array; and (c) at least one of the single-wall carbon nanotubes have ends that are derivatized with a photoactive dye molecule.
9. A membrane comprising carbon fibers that are aggregates of a plurality of at least 10 6 single-wall carbon nanotubes, wherein the plurality of single-wall carbon nanotubes are in a generally parallel orientation, and wherein the membrane is substantially two-dimensional.
10. A membrane comprising: (a) carbon fibers that are aggregates of a plurality of single-wall carbon nanotubes, wherein the plurality of single-wall carbon nanotubes are in generally parallel orientation wherein the plurality of single-wall carbon nanotubes is at least 10 6 single-wall carbon nanotubes and wherein the membrane is a substantially two-dimensional membrane: and (b) at least one dopant physically entrapped between the single-wall carbon of the carbon fibers.