Method and composition for using organic, plant-derived, oil-extracted materials in jet fuels for reduced emissions
View Patent ↗A jet fuel and jet fuel additive are provided that include a plant oil extract, β-carotene, and jojoba oil. The jet fuel additive may be added to any jet fuel to reduce emissions of undesired components during combustion of the fuel, or to reduce the smoke point of the jet fuel. A method for preparing the jet fuel is also provided.
1. A jet fuel composition comprising a base fuel and at least one additive wherein the additive comprises:
a plant oil extract derived from grain;
a carotenoid; and
a thermal stabilizer.
2. The jet fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the grain is selected from the group consisting of fescue, clover, wheat, barley, oats, rye, sorghum, flax, triticale, rice, corn, spelt, millet, amaranth, buckwheat, quinoa, kamut and teff.
3. The jet fuel composition of claim 1 wherein the carotenoid is selected from the group consisting of β-carotene, α-carotene, lycopene, leutin, betatene and mixtures thereof.
4. The jet fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the thermal stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils, nut oils, animal oils and mixtures thereof.
5. The jet fuel composition of claim 1 wherein the plant oil extract is derived from barley and the carotenoid is β-carotene.
6. The jet fuel composition of claim 1 wherein the thermal stabilizer is meadowfoam oil.
7. The jet fuel composition of claim 1 further comprising a diluent.
8. The jet fuel composition of claim 1 further comprising a solvent selected from the group consisting of toluene, benzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, cyclohexanes, hexane, octanes, nonanes, diesel fuel, gasoline, 2 cycle oil, resid fuel and mixtures thereof.
9. The jet fuel composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of octane improvers, cetane improvers, detergents, corrosion inhibitors, metal deactivators, ignition accelerators, dispersants, anti-knock additives, anti-run-on additives, anti-pre-ignition additives, anti-misfire additives, anti-wear additives, antioxidants, demulsifiers, carrier fluids, solvents, fuel economy additives, emission reduction additives, lubricity improvers, oxygenates and mixtures thereof.
10. A jet fuel composition comprising a base fuel and at least one additive wherein the additive comprises:
a hydrophobic plant oil extract;
a carotenoid; and
a thermal stabilizer selected from the group consisting of peanut oil, cottonseed oil, rape seed oil, macadamia oil, avocado oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, meadowfoam oil and mixtures thereof.
11. The jet fuel composition of claim 10 wherein the plant oil extract is derived from a member of the Leguminosae family.
12. The jet fuel composition of claim 10 wherein the plant oil extract is derived from grain.
13. The jet fuel composition of claim 10 further comprising a diluent.
14. The jet fuel composition of claim 10 further comprising a solvent selected from the group consisting of toluene, benzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, cyclohexanes, hexane, octanes, nonanes, diesel fuel, gasoline, 2 cycle oil and resid fuel and mixtures thereof.
15. The jet fuel composition of claim 10 further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of octane improvers, cetane improvers, detergents, corrosion inhibitors, metal deactivators, ignition accelerators, dispersants, anti-knock additives, anti-run-on additives, anti-pre-ignition additives, anti-misfire additives, anti-wear additives, antioxidants, demulsifiers, carrier fluids, solvents, fuel economy additives, emission reduction additives, lubricity improvers, oxygenates and mixtures thereof.
16. The jet fuel composition of claim 10 , wherein the carotenoid is selected from the group consisting of β-carotene, α-carotene, lycopene, leutin, betatene and mixtures thereof.
17. The jet fuel composition of claim 10 wherein the plant oil extract is barley oil extract, the carotenoid is β-carotene.
18. A jet fuel composition comprising a base fuel and at least one additive wherein the additive comprises:
a plant oil extract selected from the group consisting of hops oil extract, fescue oil extract, barley oil extract, green clover oil extract, wheat oil extract and mixtures thereof;
a carotenoid; and
a thermal stabilizer.
19. The jet fuel composition of claim 18 wherein the carotenoid is selected from the group consisting of β-carotene, α-carotene, lycopene, leutin, betatene and mixtures thereof.
20. The jet fuel composition of claim 18 , wherein the thermal stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils, nut oils, animal oils and mixtures thereof.
21. The jet fuel composition of claim 18 wherein the plant oil extract is derived from barley and the carotenoid is β-carotene.
22. The jet fuel composition of claim 18 wherein the thermal stabilizer is meadowfoam oil.
23. The jet fuel composition of claim 18 further comprising a diluent.
24. The jet fuel composition of claim 18 further comprising a solvent selected from the group consisting of toluene, benzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, cyclohexanes, hexane, octanes, nonanes, diesel fuel, gasoline, 2 cycle oil and resid fuel and mixtures thereof.
25. The jet fuel composition of claim 24 further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of octane improvers, cetane improvers, detergents, corrosion inhibitors, metal deactivators, ignition accelerators, dispersants, anti-knock additives, anti-run-on additives, anti-pre-ignition additives, anti-misfire additives, anti-wear additives, antioxidants, demulsifiers, carrier fluids, solvents, fuel economy additives, emission reduction additives, lubricity improvers, oxygenates and mixtures thereof.
26. A jet fuel additive comprising
a hydrophobic plant oil extract;
a carotenoid;
a thermal stabilizer selected from the group consisting of peanut oil, cottonseed oil, rape seed oil, macadamia oil, avocado oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, meadowfoam oil and mixtures thereof;
a solvent selected from the group consisting of toluene, benzene, o-xylene, p-xylene, m-xylene, cyclohexanes, hexane, octanes, nonanes, jet fuel, diesel fuel, gasoline, 2-cycle oil, resid fuel, and mixtures thereof.
27. The additive of claim 26 wherein the plant oil extract is barley oil and the carotenoid is β-carotene.
28. The additive of claim 26 wherein the thermal stabilizer is meadowfoam oil.
29. A jet fuel additive comprising:
a plant oil extract from barley;
β-carotene; and
meadowfoam oil.
30. The additive of claim 29 further comprising a solvent selected from the group consisting of toluene, benzene, p-xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene, cyclohexanes, hexane, octanes, nonanes, jet fuel, diesel fuel, gasoline, 2-cycle oil, resid fuel and mixtures thereof.