Thio-oxindole derivatives

1. A method of inducing contraception comprising the step of delivering to a female of child-bearing age a composition comprising a compound of formula I and an estrogen to said female, wherein formula I is:

wherein:

R 1 and R 2 are selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OH, O(alkyl), O(substituted alkyl), O(Acetyl), aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, alkylaryl, substituted alkylaryl, alkylheteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, 1-propynyl, substituted 1-propynyl, 3-propynyl, and substituted 3-propynyl;

or R 1 and R 2 form a double bond to C(CH 3 ) 2 , C(cycloalkyl), O, or C(cycloether);

or R 1 and R 2 are joined to form a ring comprising —CH 2 (CH 2 ) n CH 2 —, CH 2 CH 2 C(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, —O(CH 2 ) m CH 2 —, —O(CH 2 ) p O—, —CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 N(H)CH 2 CH 2 —, or —CH 2 CH 2 N(alkyl)CH 2 CH 2 —

m is an integer from 1 to 4;

n is an integer from 1 to 5;

p is an integer from 1 to 4;

R 3 is selected from the group consisting of H, OH, NH 2 , C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 3 to C 6 alkenyl, substituted C 3 to C 6 alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, and COR A ;

R A is selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl;

R 4 is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NH 2 , C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, C 1 to C 6 aminoalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 6 aminoalkyl;

R 5 is selected from the group consisting of a), b) and c):

a) a substituted benzene ring having the structure:

X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, OH, CN, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl, C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy, S(O)alkyl, S(O) 2 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, 5 or 6 membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1 to 3 heteroatoms, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CNHNHOH, CNH 2 NOH, CNHNOH, COR B , CSR B , OCOR B and NR C COR B ;

R B is selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl;

R C is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl;

Y and Z are independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 4 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 4 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl;

b) a five or six membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, SO, SO 2 and NR 6 and having one or two independent substituents from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 4 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 4 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C, to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, COR D , CSR D and NR E COR D ;

R D is H, NH 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl,or substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl;

R E is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl;

R 6 is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or C 1 to C 4 CO 2 alkyl; or

c) an indol-4-yl, indol-7-yl or benzo-2-thiophene moiety, wherein said moiety is optionally substituted by from 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, CN, NO 2 , alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, and CF 3 ;

Q 1 is S, NR 7 , or CR 8 R 9 ;

R 7 is selected from the group consisting of CN, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, substituted C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, acyl, substituted acyl, aroyl, substituted aroyl, SO 2 CF 3 , OR 11 , and NR 11 R 12 ;

R 8 and R 9 are independent substituents selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, substituted C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, NO 2 , CN, and CO 2 R 10 ;

R 10 is C 1 to C 3 alkyl or substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl;

or CR 8 R 9 comprise a six membered ring having the structure:

R 11 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, acyl, substituted acyl, aroyl, substituted aroyl, sulfonyl, and substituted sulfonyl; or a tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said compound of formula I is delivered at a daily dosage of about 2 to about 80 mg.

3. A method of inducing contraception comprising the step of delivering to a female of child-bearing age a composition comprising a compound of formula I and an estrone to said female, wherein formula I is:

wherein:

R 1 and R 2 are selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OH, O(alkyl), O(substituted alkyl), O(Acetyl), aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, alkylaryl, substituted alkylaryl, alkylheteroaryl, substituted alkyiheteroaryl, 1-propynyl, substituted 1-propynyl, 3-propynyl, and substituted 3-propynyl;

or R 1 and R 2 form a double bond to C(CH 3 ) 2 , C(cycloalkyl), O, or C(cycloether);

or R 1 and R 2 are joined to form a ring comprising —CH 2 (CH 2 ) n CH 2 —, CH 2 CH 2 C(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, —O(CH 2 ) m CH 2 —, —O(CH 2 ) p O—, —CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 N(H)CH 2 CH 2 —, or —CH 2 CH 2 N(alkyl)CH 2 CH 2 —

m is an integer from 1 to 4;

n is an integer from 1 to 5;

p is an integer from 1 to 4;

R 3 is selected from the group consisting of H, OH, NH 2 , C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 3 to C 6 alkenyl, substituted C 3 to C 6 alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, and COR A ;

R A is selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl;

R 4 is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NH 2 , C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, C 1 to C 6 aminoalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 6 aminoalkyl;

R 5 is selected from the group consisting of a), b) and c):

a) a substituted benzene ring having the structure:

X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, OH, CN, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl, C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy, S(O)alkyl, S(O) 2 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, 5 or 6 membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1 to 3 heteroatoms, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CNHNHOH, CNH 2 NOH, CNHNOH, COR B , CSR B , OCOR B and NR C COR B ;

R B is selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl;

R C is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl;

Y and Z are independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 4 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 4 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl;

b) a five or six membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, SO, SO 2 and NR 6 and having one or two independent substituents from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 4 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 4 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C, to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, COR D , CSR D and NR E COR D ;

R D is H, NH 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl,or substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl;

R E is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl;

R 6 is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or C 1 to C 4 CO 2 alkyl; or

c) an indol-4-yl, indol-7-yl or benzo-2-thiophene moiety, wherein said moiety is optionally substituted by from 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, CN, NO 2 , alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, and CF 3 ;

Q 1 is S, NR 7 , or CR 8 R 9 ;

R 7 is selected from the group consisting of CN, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, substituted C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, acyl, substituted acyl, aroyl, substituted aroyl, SO 2 CF 3 , OR 11 , and NR 11 R 12 ;

R 8 and R 9 are independent substituents selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, substituted C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, NO 2 , CN, and CO 2 R 10 ;

R 10 is C 1 to C 3 alkyl or substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl;

or CR 8 R 9 comprise a six membered ring having the structure:

R 11 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, acyl, substituted acyl, aroyl, substituted aroyl, sulfonyl, and substituted sulfonyl; or a tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein said compound of formula I of is delivered at a daily dosage of about 2 to about 80 mg.

5. A method of inducing contraception comprising the step of delivering to a female of child-bearing age a composition comprising a compound of formula I and an estrogen receptor agonist to said female, wherein formula I is:

wherein:

R 1 and R 2 are selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OH, O(alkyl), O(substituted alkyl), O(Acetyl), aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, alkylaryl, substituted ailcylaryl, alkyiheteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, 1-propynyl, substituted 1-propynyl, 3-propynyl, and substituted 3-propynyl;

or R 1 and R 2 form a double bond to C(CH 3 ) 2 , C(cycloalkyl), O, or C(cycloether);

or R 1 and R 2 are joined to form a ring comprising —CH 2 (CH 2 ) n CH 2 —, CH 2 CH 2 C(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, —O(CH 2 ) m CH 2 —, —O(CH 2 ) p O—, —CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 N(H)CH 2 CH 2 —, or —CH 2 CH 2 N(alkyl)CH 2 CH 2 —

m is an integer from 1 to 4;

n is an integer from 1 to 5;

p is an integer from 1 to 4;

R 3 is selected from the group consisting of H, OH, NH 2 , C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 3 to C 6 alkenyl, substituted C 3 to C 6 alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, and COR A ;

R A is selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl;

R 4 is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NH 2 , C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, C 1 to C 6 aminoalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 6 aminoalkyl;

R 5 is selected from the group consisting of a), b) and c):

a) a substituted benzene ring having the structure:

X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, OH, CN, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl, C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy, S(O)alkyl, S(O) 2 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, 5 or 6 membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1 to 3 heteroatoms, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CNHNHOH, CNH 2 NOH, CNHNOH, COR B , CSR B , OCOR B and NR C COR B ;

R B is selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl;

R C is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl;

Y and Z are independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 4 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 4 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl;

b) a five or six membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, SO, SO 2 and NR 6 and having one or two independent substituents from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 4 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 4 alkyl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C, to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl, COR D , CSR D and NR E COR D ;

R D is H, NH 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl,or substituted C 1 to C 3 aminoalkyl;

R E is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl;

R 6 is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or C 1 to C 4 CO 2 alkyl; or

c) an indol-4-yl, indol-7-yl or benzo-2-thiophene moiety, wherein said moiety is optionally substituted by from 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, CN, NO 2 , alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, and CF 3 ;

Q 1 is S, NR 7 , or CR 8 R 9 ;

R 7 is selected from the group consisting of CN, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, substituted C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, acyl, substituted acyl, aroyl, substituted aroyl, SO 2 CF 3 , OR 11 , and NR 11 R 12 ;

R 8 and R 9 are independent substituents selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, substituted C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, NO 2 , CN, and CO 2 R 10 ;

R 10 is C 1 to C 3 alkyl or substituted C 1 to C 3 alkyl;

or CR 8 R 9 comprise a six membered ring having the structure:

R 11 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, acyl, substituted acyl, aroyl, substituted aroyl, sulfonyl, and substituted sulfonyl; or a tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

6. The method according to any of any of claims 1 , 3 , or 5 , whrein R 5 is the substituted benzene ring having the formula:

X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CONalkyl 2 , CSNalkyl 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, 5 membered heterocyclic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy; and

Y is a substituent on the 4′ or 5′ position selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 4 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl; and

Q 1 is S, NR 7 , or CR 8 R 9 ;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

7. The method according to any of claims 1 , 3 , or 5 , wherein in the compound R 5 is a five membered ring with the structure shown below

wherein:

U is O, S, or NR 6 ;

R 6 is H, or C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or C 1 to C 4 CO 2 alkyl;

X′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, NO 2 , CONH 2 , CNHNHOH, CNH 2 NOH, CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CONalkyl 2 , CSNalkyl 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 alkoxy;

Y′ is selected from the group consisting of H, F and C 1 to C 4 alkyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

8. The method according to any of claims 1 , 3 , or 5 , wherein R 5 is a thiophene or furan ring substituted by X′ and Y′.

9. The method according to any of claims 1 , 3 , or 5 , wherein R 5 is a six membered ring with the structure:

wherein X 1 is N or CX 2 ,

X 2 is halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CONalkyl 2 , CSNalkyl 2 or NO 2 ;

R 7 is selected from the group consisting of CN, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, substituted C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, and SO 2 CF 3 ;

R 8 and R 9 are independent substituents selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, substituted C 3 to C 8 cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, NO 2 , CN and CO 2 R 10 ,

R 10 is C 1 to C 3 alkyl; or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

10. The method according to any of claims 1 , 3 , or 5 , wherein the compound is 3-(1′,2′-Dihydro-2′-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-5′-yl) benzonitrile or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 , 3 , or 5 , said compound is selected from the group consisting of:

5′-(3-Chlorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indole]-2′(1′H)-thione;

4-(1′,2′-Dihydro-2′-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-5′-yl)-2-thiophenecarbonitrile;

3-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indol]-5-yl)-5-fluorobenzonitrile;

5′-(5-Cyano-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-ylidenecyanamide;

5-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclopentane-1,3-[3H]indol]-5′-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carbonitrile;

5-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclohene-1,3-[3H]indol]-5-yl)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-pyrrole-2-carbonitrile;

5-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indol]-5-yl)-1-H-pyrrole-2-carbonitrile;

5-(2′-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-5′-yl)-1-methyl-pyrrole-2-carbonitrile;

5-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclopentane-1,3-[3H]indol]-5-yl)-3-thiophenecarbonitrile;

5-(1,2-Dihydro-thioxospiro(cyclopentane-1,3-[3H]indol)-5-yl)-2-thiophenecarbonitrile;

5-(3-Fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indole]-2(1H)-thione;

5-(2-Amino-5-pyrimidinyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indole]-2(1H)-thione;

3-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclopentane-1,3-[3H]indol]-5-yl)-5-fluorobenzonitrile;

3-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indol]-2-yl)-4-fluorobenzonitrile;

5-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indol]-2-yl)-3-pyridinecarbonitrile;

5-(3,4-Difluorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indole]-2(1H)-thione;

5-(5-Chloro-2-thienyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indole]-2(1H)-thione;

5-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indol]-5-yl)-3-furancarbonitrile;

5-(3-Chloro-4-fluorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indole]-2(1H)-thione;

5-(3-Chloro-5-fluorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indole]-2(1H)-thione;

5-(3,5-Difluorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indole]-2(1H)-thione;

5-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indol]-5-yl)-4-propyl-2-thiophenecarbonitrile;

5-(3-Fluoro-4-nitrophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indole]-2(1H)-thione.

4-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indol]-5-yl)-2-furancarbonitrile;

5″-(3-Chlorophenyl)spiro[cyclobutane-1,3″-[3H]indole]-2″(1″H)-thione;

5″-(2-Chlorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3″-[3H]indole]-2″(1″H)-thione;

5″-(4-Chlorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3″-[3H]indole]-2″(1″H)-thione;

5-(1″,2″Dihydro-2″-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3″-[3H]indol]-5″-yl)-4-methyl-2-thiophenecarbonitrile;

5′(1″,2′-Dihydro-2′-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3″-[3H]indol]-5″-yl)-2-thiophenecarbonitrile;

5″-(3-Fluorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3″-[3H]indole]-2″(1″H)-thione;

5-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indole]-2(1H)-thione;

5-[4-Fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]spiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indol]-2(1H)-thione;

4-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indol]-5-yl)-2-fluorobenzonitrile;

5-(1,2-Dihydro-2-thioxospiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indol]-5-yl)-4-n-butyl-2-thiophenecarbonitrile;

5-(3-Fluoro-5-methoxyphenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3-[3H]indole]-2(1H)-thione;

5-(3-Chlorophenyl)-N-hydroxyspiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2-amine;

N-(Acetyloxy)-5′-(3-chlorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-amine;

5″-(3-Fluorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′(1′H)-one oxime;

5′-(2-Fluorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′(1′H)-one oxime;

5′-(4-Fluorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′(1′H)-one oxime;

5′-(3,4-Difluorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′(1′H)-one oxime;

5′-(3-methoxyphenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′(1′H)-one oxime;

5′-(3-nitrophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′(1′H)-one oxime;

5′-(3-cyanophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′(1′H)-one oxime;

3-[1′,2′-Dihydro-2′-(hydroxyimino)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-5′-yl]-5-fluorobenzonitrile;

5-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-(hydroxyimino)-5′-yl)-4-methyl-2-thiophenecarbonitrile;

5-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indole]-2′-(hydroxyimino)-5′-yl-2-thiophenecarbonitrile;

4-(Spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indole]-2′-(hydroxyimino)-5′-yl)-2-thiophenecarbonitrile;

5-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indole]-2′-(hydroxyimino)-5′-yl)-1H-pyrrole-1-methyl-2-carbonitrile;

5-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-(hydroxyimino)-5′-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carbonitrile;

4-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indole]-2′-(acetoxyimino)-5′-yl)-2-thiophenecarbonitrile;

3-Fluoro-N-hydroxy-5-[2′-(hydroxyamino)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-5′-yl]benzenecarboximidamide;

N′-hydroxy-5-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indole]-2′-(hydroxyimino)-5′-yl)-4-methyl-2-thiophenecarboximidamide;

N′-Hydroxy-4-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indole]-2′-(hydroxyimino)-5′-yl)-2-thiophenecarboximidamide;

N′-Hydroxy-5-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-(hydroxyimino)-5′-yl)-2-thiophenecarboximidamide;

5′-(3-Chlorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-ylidenecyanamide; and

5′-(3-Cyano-5-fluorophenyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-ylidenecyanamide;

5′-(5-Cyano-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2-ylidenecyanamide;

5′-(5-Cyanothien-2-yl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-ylidenecyanamide;

5′-(5-Cyano-3-methyl-thien-2-yl)spiro[cyclohexane 1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-ylidenecyanamide;

5′-(5-Cyano-thien-3-yl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-ylidenecyanamide;

3-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-(cyanomethylene)-5′-yl)-5-fluorobenzonitrile;

5-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2-(Cyanomethylene)-5′-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbonitrile;

5-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-(Cyanomethylene)-5′-yl)-thiophene-2-carbonitrile;

5-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-(Cyanomethylene)-5′-yl)-4-methyl-thiophene-2-carbonitrile;

4-(spiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-(Cyanomethylene)-5′-yl)thiophene-2-carbonitrile;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 , 3 , or 5 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:

5-(3-chlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-indole-2-thione;

3-benzyl-5-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-indole-2-thione;

4-(3,3-dimethyl-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-5-yl)-2-furonitrile;

5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-indole-2-thione; and

5-(3-chlorophenyl)-3,3-diethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-indole-2-thione;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said compound is of formula IIa or IIb:

wherein:

R 4 is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NH 2 , C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, C 1 to C 6 aminoalkyl, and substituted C 1 to C 6 aminoalkyl;

R 5 is (i) or (ii):

(i) a substituted benzene ring having the structure:

wherein:

X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, 5 membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1 to 3 heteroatoms, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy;

Y is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 4 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl; or

(ii) a six membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

X 1 is N or CX 2 ;

X 2 is halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 or NO 2 ;

R 11 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclic ring, substituted heterocyclic ring, acyl, substituted acyl, aroyl, substituted aroyl, sulfonyl, and substituted sulfonyl;

or a tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said compound is of formula IIIa or IIIb:

wherein:

R 11 is selected from the group consisting of H, acyl, substituted acyl, aroyl, substituted aroyl, sulfonyl, and substituted sulfonyl;

R 5 (i), (ii), (iii):

(i) a substituted benzene ring having the structure:

wherein:

X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , CNHNHOH, CNH 2 NOH, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, 5 membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1 to 3 heteroatoms, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy;

Y is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 4 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl;

(ii) a five membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

U is O, S, or NR 6 ;

R 6 is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or C 1 to C 4 CO 2 alkyl;

X′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, NO 2 , CONK 2 , CNHNHOH, CNH 2 NOH, CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 alkoxy;

Y′ is selected from the group consisting of H, F, and C 1 to C 4 alkyl; or

(iii) a six membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

X 1 is N or CX 2 ;

X 2 is halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 or NO 2 ;

or a tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said compound is of formula IV:

wherein:

R 5 is (i), (ii), (iii):

(i) a substituted benzene ring having the structure:

wherein:

X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , CNHNOH, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, 5 membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1 to 3 heteroatoms, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy;

Y is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 4 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl;

(ii) a five membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

U is O, S, or NR 6 ;

R 6 is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or C 1 to C 4 CO 2 alkyl;

X′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, NO 2 , CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 alkoxy;

Y′ is selected from the group consisting of H, F and C 1 to C 4 alkyl; or

(iii) a six membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

X 1 is N or CX 2 ;

X 2 is halogen, ON, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 or NO 2 ;

or a tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said compound is of formula V:

wherein:

R 15 is selected from the group consisting of H, CO 2 R, acyl, substituted acyl, aroyl, substituted aroyl, alkyl, substituted alkyl, and CN;

(i) a substituted benzene ring having the structure:

wherein:

X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, ON, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , CNHNOH, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, 5 membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1 to 3 heteroatoms, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy;

Y is a substituent on the 4′ or 5′ position selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 4 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl;

(ii) a five membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

U is O, S, or NR 6 ;

R 6 is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or C 1 to C 4 CO 2 alkyl;

X′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, NO 2 , CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 alkoxy;

Y′ is selected from the group consisting of H, F and C 1 to C 4 alkyl;

(iii) a six membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

X 1 is N or CX 2 ;

X 2 is halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 or NO 2 ;

or a tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said compound is of formula VI:

R 5 is (i), (ii), (iii):

(i) a substituted benzene ring having the structure:

wherein:

X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , CNHNOH, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, 5 membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1 to 3 heteroatoms, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy;

Y is a substituent on the 4′ or 5′ position selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 4 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl;

(ii) a five membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

U is O, S, or NR 6 ,

R 6 is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or C 1 to C 4 CO 2 alkyl;

X′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, NO 2 , CONH 2 , CSNR 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 alkoxy;

Y′ is selected from the group consisting of H, F, and C 1 to C 4 alkyl;

(iii) a six membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

X 1 is N or CX 2 ;

X 2 is halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 or NO 2 ;

or a tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

18. The method according to claim 4 , wherein said compound is of formula IV:

R 5 is (i), (ii), (iii):

(i) a substituted benzene ring having the structure:

wherein:

X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , CNHNOH, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, 5 membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1 to 3 heteroatoms, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy;

Y is a substituent on the 4′ or 5′ position selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 4 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl;

(ii) a five membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

U is O, S, or NR 6 ;

R 6 is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or C 1 to C 4 CO 2 alkyl;

X′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, NO 2 , CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 C 1 to C 3 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 alkoxy;

Y′ is selected from the group consisting of H, F, and C 1 to C 4 alkyl;

(iii) a six membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

X 1 is N or CX 2 ;

X 2 is halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 or NO 2 ;

or a tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

19. The method according to claim 4 , wherein said compound is of formula V:

wherein:

R 15 is selected from the group consisting of H, CO 2 R, acyl, substituted acyl, aroyl, substituted aroyl, alkyl, substituted alkyl, and CN;

R 5 is (i), (ii), (iii):

(i) a substituted benzene ring having the structure:

wherein:

X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, ON, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , CNHNOH, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, 5 membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1 to 3 heteroatoms, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy;

Y is a substituent on the 4′ or 5′ position selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, ON 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 4 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl;

(ii) a five membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

U is O, S, or NR 6 ;

R 6 is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or C 1 to C 4 CO 2 alkyl;

X′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, ON 2 , CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 alkoxy;

Y′ is selected from the group consisting of H, F and C 1 to C 4 alkyl;

(iii) a six membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

X 1 is N or CX 2 ;

X 2 is halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 or NO 2 ;

or a tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

20. The method according to claim 4 , wherein said compound is of formula VI:

R 5 is (i), (ii), (iii):

(i) a substituted benzene ring having the structure:

wherein:

X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , CNHNOH, C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 perfluoroalkyl, 5 membered heterocyclic ring having in its backbone 1 to 3 heteroatoms, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkoxy;

Y is a substituent on the 4′ or 5′ position selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkoxy, C 1 to C 4 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 thioalkyl;

(ii) a five membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

U is O, S, or NR 6 ;

R 6 is H, C 1 to C 3 alkyl, or C 1 to C 4 CO 2 alkyl;

X′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, NO 2 , CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl, CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 , C 1 to C 3 alkyl, and C 1 to C 3 alkoxy;

Y′ is selected from the group consisting of H, F, and C 1 to C 4 alkyl;

(iii) a six membered ring having the structure:

wherein:

X 1 is N or CX 2 ;

X 2 is halogen, CN, CONH 2 , CSNH 2 , CONHalkyl, CSNHalkyl CON(alkyl) 2 , CSN(alkyl) 2 or NO 2 ;

or a tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.