Miniaturized assembly and method of filling assembly
A miniaturized assembly is provided whereby a fluid sample can be divided into a plurality of sample portions in retaining wells and the sample fluid can be displaced from open ends of the wells while simultaneously being sealed in the wells. A method of dividing a fluid sample using the assembly is also provided.
1. A method for dividing a chemical or biological fluid sample into a plurality of sample portions and simultaneously sealing said plurality of sample portions against contamination and evaporation, said method comprising:
introducing a chemical or biological fluid sample into an assembly, said assembly comprising a first member, said first member comprising a substrate and a plurality of sample chambers formed in or on said substrate,
said substrate having at least one substrate surface,
each of said sample chambers having an open end and having at least one sample chamber surface,
a surface property of at least a first of said sample chamber surfaces differing from a surface property of said substrate surface, such that said fluid sample has a first affinity to said first sample chamber and a second affinity to said substrate surface, said first affinity differing from said second affinity; and then
introducing a displacing fluid into said assembly, said displacing fluid being immiscible with said fluid sample, thereby displacing said fluid sample away from the open end of each of said plurality of sample chambers and simultaneously sealing the open end of each of said plurality of sample chambers.
2. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein said displacing fluid comprises a curable adhesive.
3. A method as recited in claim 2 , further comprising curing the curable adhesive after said displacing.
4. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein said surface property of said first sample chamber surface and said surface property of said substrate surface comprise surface chemistries.
5. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein said assembly further comprises a second member, a channel being defined between said second member and said first member, said channel communicating with said sample chambers, said fluid sample being introduced into said channel during said introducing a fluid sample, and said displacing fluid being introduced into said channel during said introducing a displacing fluid.
6. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein at least one of said sample chambers has a volume of about 1 picoliter or less.
7. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein at least one of said sample chambers has a volume in the range of from about 1 picoliter to about 1 microliter.
8. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein at least one of said sample chambers has a volume of about 1 nanoliter.
9. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein said fluid sample has a volume of about 1 picoliter or less.
10. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein said fluid sample has a volume in the range of from about 1 picoliter to about 1 microliter.
11. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein said fluid sample has a volume of about 1 nanoliter or less.
12. A method for dividing a chemical or biological fluid sample into a plurality of sample portions and simultaneously sealing said plurality of sample portions against contamination and evaporation, said method comprising:
introducing a chemical or biological fluid sample into an assembly, said assembly comprising a plate and a first element positioned on said plate, a plurality of sample chambers being formed in or through said first element, each of said sample chambers having an open end, each of said sample chambers having at least one sample chamber surface;
a surface property of at least a first of said sample chamber surfaces differing from a surface property of said plate, such that said fluid sample has a first affinity to said first sample chamber surface and a second affinity to said plate, said first affinity differing from said second affinity; and then
introducing a displacing fluid into said assembly, said displacing fluid being immiscible with said fluid sample, thereby displacing said fluid sample away from the open end of each of said plurality of sample chambers and simultaneously sealing the open end of each of said plurality of sample chambers.
13. A method as recited in claim 12 , wherein said displacing fluid comprises a curable adhesive.
14. A method as recited in claim 13 , further comprising curing the curable adhesive after said displacing.
15. A method as recited in claim 12 , wherein said assembly further comprises an opposite member, a channel being defined between said opposite member and said plate, said channel communicating with said sample chambers, said fluid sample being introduced into said channel during said introducing a fluid sample, and said displacing fluid being introduced into said channel during said introducing a displacing fluid.
16. A method as recited in claim 12 , wherein said surface property of said first sample chamber surface and said surface property of said plate comprise surface chemistries.
17. A method as recited in claim 12 , wherein at least one of said sample chambers has a volume of about 1 picoliter or less.
18. A method as recited in claim 12 , wherein at least one of said sample chambers has a volume in the range of from about 1 picoliter to about 1 microliter.
19. A method as recited in claim 12 , wherein at least one of said sample chambers has a volume of about 1 nanoliter.
20. A method as recited in claim 12 , wherein said fluid sample has a volume of about 1 picoliter or less.
21. A method as recited in claim 12 , wherein said fluid sample has a volume in the range of from about 1 picoliter to about 1 microliter.
22. A method as recited in claim 12 , wherein said fluid sample has a volume of about 1 nanoliter or less.
23. A method for dividing a chemical or biological fluid sample into a plurality of sample portions and simultaneously sealing said plurality of sample portions against contamination and evaporation, said method comprising:
introducing a chemical or biological fluid sample into an assembly, said assembly comprising a first member, said first member comprising a substrate and a plurality of sample chambers formed in or on said substrate,
said substrate having at least one substrate surface,
each of said sample chambers having an open end having at least one sample chamber surface,
introducing a displacing fluid into said assembly, said displacing fluid being immiscible with said fluid sample, thereby displacing said fluid sample away from the open end of each of said plurality of sample chambers and simultaneously sealing the open end of each of said plurality of sample chambers.
24. A method for dividing a chemical or biological fluid sample into a plurality of sample portions and simultaneously sealing said plurality of sample portions against contamination and evaporation, said method comprising:
introducing a chemical or biological fluid sample into an assembly, said assembly comprising a substrate comprising first regions and second regions, a surface property of at least a first of said second regions differing from a surface property of said first regions, such that said fluid sample has a first affinity to said first regions and a second affinity to at least one of said second regions, said first affinity differing from said second affinity; and then
introducing a displacing fluid into said assembly, said displacing fluid being immiscible with said fluid sample, thereby displacing said fluid sample away from surfaces of said second regions and simultaneously sealing said second regions.