Managing access to streams hosted on duplicating switches

1. A method of changing a stream source accessed by a first terminal, the method comprising:

enabling the first terminal to access a first stream of data units having a content from a first duplicating switch that is formatted to enable terminals to access the content by establishing a session with the first duplicating switch;

transmitting, using the first duplicating switch, the first stream of data units to the first terminal;

receiving, from a second terminal that is not presently receiving the content of the first stream of data units, a request to access the content of the first stream of data units;

identifying, based the received request, a second duplicating switch from a group of duplicating switches that includes the first duplicating switch and the second duplicating switch;

instructing, based on a determination that the second duplicating switch is not presently hosting the content of the first stream of data units, the second duplicating switch to access the content of the first stream of data units;

instructing, based on a determination that the second duplicating switch is not presently hosting the content of the first stream of data units, the second duplicating switch to host the content of the first stream of data units;

enabling the second duplicating switch to host the content of the first stream of data units by:

transmitting a copy of the content of the first stream of data units to the second duplicating switch; and

instructing the second duplicating switch to store at least a portion of the copy of the content of the first stream of data units;

enabling the second terminal to access a second stream of data units including the stored copy of the content from the second duplicating switch by establishing a session with the second duplicating switch;

receiving, based on instructing the second duplicating switch to host the content of the first stream of data units, an indication of a transfer condition;

determining, based on receiving the indication of the transfer condition, that the first terminal should access the content of the first stream of data units from the second duplicating switch;

enabling the first terminal to access a third stream of data units including the stored copy of the content from the second duplicating switch;

providing the first terminal with an address of the second duplicating switch; and

instructing the first terminal to transfer from using the first duplicating switch to using the second duplicating switch in order to access the third stream of data units using the address of the second duplicating switch.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising causing the second duplicating switch to transmit the third stream upon determining that the first terminal should access the third stream from the second duplicating switch.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein determining that the first terminal should access the third stream from the second duplicating switch includes determining that enabling the first terminal to access the second duplicating switch will consume less bandwidth than having the first terminal access the first duplicating switch.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising disabling the first terminal from accessing the first stream of data units from the first duplicating switch.

5. A method of changing a source accessed by a first terminal from a first instance of a stream of data units receiving from a first duplicating switch to a second instance of the stream of data units receiving from a second duplicating switch, the method comprising:

using a first terminal to receive the first instance of the stream of data units having a content from the first duplicating switch;

receiving a request from a second terminal to access the content of the first instance of the stream of data units, wherein the second terminal is not presently receiving the content of the first instance of the stream of data units;

identifying, based on the received request, the second duplicating switch from a group of duplicating switches that includes the first duplicating switch and the second duplicating switch;

instructing, based on a determination that the second duplicating switch is not presently hosting the content of the first instance of the stream of data units, the second duplicating switch to access the content of the first instance of the stream of data units;

instructing, based on a determination that the second duplicating switch is not presently hosting the content of the first instance of the stream of data units, the second duplicating switch to host the content of the first instance of the stream of data units;

enabling the second duplicating switch to host the content of the first instance of the stream of data units by:

transmitting a copy of the content of the first instance of the stream of data units to the second duplicating switch; and

instructing the second duplicating switch to store at least a portion of the copy of the content of the first instance of the stream of data units;

receiving, based on instructing the second duplicating switch to host the content of the first instance of the stream of data units, an indication of a transfer condition;

determining, based on receiving the indication of the transfer condition, that the first terminal should access the second instance of the stream of data units having the content of the first instance of the stream of data units from the second duplicating switch;

instructing the second duplicating switch to support connection requests for the second instance of the stream of data units;

providing the first terminal with an address of the second duplicating switch;

instructing the first terminal to transfer from using the first duplicating switch to receive the first instance to using the second duplicating switch in order to access the second instance of the stream of data units using the address of the second duplicating switch;

transitioning to the second instance of the stream of data units in response to the determination; and

synchronizing presentation of the first and second instances of the stream of data units.

6. The method of claim 5 further comprising ceasing reception of the first stream from the first duplicating switch.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the reception is ceased in response to receiving a cease message.

8. The method of claim 5 wherein receiving the indication of the transfer condition includes determining that transitioning the first terminal to the second duplicating switch would consume less bandwidth.

9. The method of claim 5 wherein receiving the indication of the transfer condition includes determining that transitioning the first terminal to the second duplicating switch would decrease resources required by the first terminal.

10. The method of claim 5 wherein receiving the indication of the transfer condition includes determining that a network between the first terminal and the second duplicating switch has more bandwidth.

11. The method of claim 5 wherein receiving the indication of the transfer condition includes determining that a network between the first terminal and the second duplicating switch has more available bandwidth.

12. The method of claim 5 wherein receiving the indication of the transfer condition includes determining that a network between the first terminal and the second duplicating switch has less latency.

13. The method of claim 5 wherein receiving the indication of the transfer condition includes determining that a network between the first terminal and the second duplicating switch has better quality of service characteristics.

14. The method of claim 5 wherein receiving the indication of the transfer condition includes determining that a network between the first terminal and the second duplicating switch has better time variation characteristics.

15. The method of claim 5 wherein synchronizing the first and second instances includes determining that content received in the first instance is temporally related to content received in the second instance.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the content is identical.

17. The method of claim 15 wherein the content of the first instance and the second instance is temporally related such that the first terminal may use the second instance in place of the first instance without a user of the terminal perceiving the transition.

18. The method of claim 5 wherein synchronizing the first and second instances includes using a buffer.

19. The method of claim 5 wherein using the buffer includes determining that content exists in the buffer such that the first terminal may transition from using the first instance to using the second instance without a user of the first terminal perceiving the transition.

20. The method of claim 5 further comprising ceasing reception of the first instance when it is determined that content in the buffer temporally overlaps content in the second instance.

21. The method of claim 5 wherein content in the buffer is provided by the first instance.

22. The method of claim 5 wherein content in the buffer is provided by the second instance.

23. A stream manager comprising:

first processing means structured and arranged to:

enable the first terminal to access a first stream of data units having a content from a first duplicating switch that is formatted to enable terminals to access the content by establishing a session with the first duplicating switch;

second processing means structured and arranged to:

receive a request from a second terminal to access the content of the first stream of data units, wherein the second terminal is not presently receiving the content of the first stream of data units;

identify, based on the received request, a second duplicating switch from a group of duplicating switches that includes the first duplicating switch and the second duplicating switch;

instruct, based on a determination that the second duplicating switch is not presently hosting the content of the first stream of data units, the second duplicating switch to access the content of the first stream of data units;

instruct, based on a determination that the second duplicating switch is not presently hosting the content of the first stream of data units, the second duplicating switch to host the content of the first stream of data units requested by the second terminal by:

instructing a transmission of a copy of the content of the first stream of data units to the second duplicating switch; and

instructing the second duplicating switch to store at least a portion of the copy of the content of the first stream of data units; third processing means structured and arranged to:

receive, based on instructing the second duplicating switch to host the content of the first stream of data units, an indication of a transfer condition;

determine, based on receiving the indication of the transfer condition, that the first terminal should access the content of the first stream of data units from the second duplicating switch;

enable the first terminal to access the stored copy of the content of the first stream of data units from the second duplicating switch;

provide the first terminal with an address of the second duplicating switch; and

instruct the first terminal to transfer from using the first duplicating switch to using the second duplicating switch in order to access the content of the first stream of data units using the address of the second duplicating switch.