Composition for inhibiting calcium salt scale
View Patent ↗Compositions and method of improving inhibition of calcium salt scale formation under the conditions found in chemical pulp processes in which an effective amount of selected phosphonates or phosphonate blends is admixed with the black liquor composition recovered from the digester in a chemical pulping process. The compositions and method are especially well suited for use in the Kraft pulping process.
1. A scale inhibiting composition for inhibiting calcium salt scale formation in alkaline aqueous mixtures of chemical pulping processes, said composition comprising the black liquor of said chemical pulping process and an effective scale inhibiting amount of at least one phosphonate selected from compounds having the formula:
M 2 O 3 P—CH 2 —N(R 1 )—(CH 2 ) m —N(R 2 )—CH 2 PO 3 M 2 (I),
compounds having the formula:
R 3 —C(OH)(PO 3 M 2 ) 2 (II),
compounds having the formula:
N—(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 3 (III),
phosphonates having the formula:
amine oxides of phosphonates of formulas (I) and (III), or mixtures thereof;
wherein M is independently selected from hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium, R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from —CH 2 PO 3 M 2 or —(CH 2 ) n —N—(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 , m is 2 or 3, n is 2 or 3, and R 3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms and R 3 is optionally branched and optionally unsaturated; with the provisos that:
(a) said phosphonate is not a blend of a phosphonate of formula (II) with a phosphonate of formula (III),
(b) said phosphonate is not a blend of a phosphonate of formula (II) with a phosphonate of the formula (M 2 O 3 P—CH 2 ) 2 —N—(CH 2 ) 2 —N—(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 ,
(c) when said phosphonate is selected from phosphonates of formula (III), phosphonates of the formula (M 2 O 3 P—CH 2 ) 2 —N—(CH 2 ) 2 —N—(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 , or phosphonates of the formula (M 2 O 3 P—CH 2 ) 2 —N—(CH 2 ) 2 —N—(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 )—(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 , said scale inhibiting composition does not contain a nonionic surfactant,
(d) when said phosphonate is selected from phosphonates of formula (III), or phosphonates of the formula (M 2 O 3 P—CH 2 ) 2 —N—(CH 2 ) 2 —N—(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 )—(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 , the amount of said phosphonate on an active acid basis is greater than 25 ppm based on the weight of black liquor recovered from the digester, and
(e) when the phosphonate is selected from the phosphonates of formula (IV), the amount of the phosphonate on an active acid basis is greater than 20 ppm based on the weight of black liquor recovered from the digester.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein M is independently selected from hydrogen or an alkali metal.
3. The composition of claim 2 wherein M is sodium or potassium when M is an alkali metal.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein R 1 and R 2 are CH 2 PO 3 M 2 .
5. The composition of claim 4 wherein m is 2.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein R 1 and R 2 are (CH 2 ) n —N—(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 .
7. The composition of claim 6 wherein m is 2 and n is 3.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein R 1 is CH 2 PO 3 M 2 and R 2 is (CH 2 ) n —N—(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 .
9. The composition of claim 8 wherein m is 2 and n is 2.
10. The composition of claim 1 wherein R 3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
11. The composition of claim 10 wherein R 3 is methyl.
12. The composition of claim 1 wherein said phosphonate is at least one phosphonate of formula (I).
13. The composition of claim 1 wherein said phosphonate is a mixture of at least two phosphonates of formula (I).
14. The composition of claim 12 wherein said phosphonate is (M 2 O 3 PCH 2 ) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 and the amount of said phosphonate on an active acid basis is about 10 ppm to about 1000 ppm based on the weight of black liquor recovered from said digester.
15. The composition of claim 12 wherein said phosphonate is (M 2 O 3 PCH 2 ) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 )CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 and the amount of said phosphonate on an active acid basis is about 30 ppm to about 1000 ppm based on the weight of black liquor recovered from said digester.
16. The composition of claim 12 wherein said phosphonate is (M 2 O 3 PCH 2 ) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 )CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 )CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 N—(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 and the amount of said phosphonate on an active acid basis is about 10 ppm to about 1000 ppm based on the weight of black liquor recovered from said digester.
17. The composition of claim 13 wherein said phosphonate is a mixture of: (M 2 O 3 PCH 2 ) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 )CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 )CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 , and a second phosphonate selected from N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 3 , (M 2 O 3 PCH 2 ) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 , or (M 2 O 3 PCH 2 ) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 )CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 .
18. The composition of claim 17 wherein said second phosphonate is N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 3 , and the amount of said mixture on an active acid basis is about 10 ppm to about 1000 ppm based on the weight of black liquor recovered from said digester.
19. The composition of claim 17 wherein said second phosphonate is selected from (M 2 O 3 PCH 2 ) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 , and the amount of said mixture on an active acid basis is about 20 ppm to about 1000 ppm based on the weight of black liquor recovered from said digester.
20. The composition of claim 17 wherein said second phosphonate is selected from (M 2 O 3 PCH 2 ) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 )CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 , and the amount of said mixture on an active acid basis is about 10 ppm to about 1000 ppm based on the weight of black liquor recovered from said digester.
21. The composition of claim 13 wherein said phosphonate is a mixture of (M 2 O 3 PCH 2 ) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 and (M 2 O 3 PCH 2 ) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 )CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 , and the amount of said mixture on an active acid basis is about 20 ppm to about 1000 ppm based on the weight of black liquor recovered from said digester.
22. The composition of claim 1 wherein said phosphonate is a mixture of (M 2 O 3 PCH 2 ) 2 NCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 2 and N(CH 2 PO 3 M 2 ) 3 , and the amount of said mixture on an active acid basis is about 30 ppm to about 1000 ppm based on the weight of black liquor recovered from said digester.