Systems and methods for improving visual perception
In one embodiment, a system generates a succession of selected visual perception task images for presentation to a person, and receives respective inputs from the person based on the person's perception of each image, wherein subsequently generated images are based at least in part on the person's perception of one or more previously presented images. The generation and modification of images based on the person's input is repeated until at least one characteristic of the person's visual perception capabilities is adequately evaluated, improved to a desired level, or both.
1. A system for identifying deficiencies, inefficiencies, or both, in neuronal interactions of a person's visual cortex, the system comprising: a) a processor; b) an image generator coupled to the processor, c) the processor and image generator configured to generate visual stimuli comprising arrangements of one or more target images each flanked by one or more flanking images of similar configuration as the respective target image, each arrangement designed to induce a level of neuronal facilitation and suppression in a person's visual cortex, the arrangements comprising a parameter of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images; and d) an input device coupled to the processor, the input device configured to receive the person's responses to the visual stimuli, the responses indicating detection or discrimination by the person of the one or more target images of the respective arrangements; e) the processor and image generator configured to generate at least some of the visual stimuli based at least in part upon the person's responses to previous visual stimuli, the at least some visual stimuli designed to induce differing levels of facilitation and suppression in the person's visual cortex; f) the processor and image generator being configured to generate sufficient visual stimuli of differing levels of facilitation and suppression in the person's visual cortex until responses to a sufficient number of facilitation and suppression levels are received from the person such that deficiencies, inefficiencies, or both, in neuronal interactions of the person's visual cortex may be identified by comparing a function of the person's responses to a normative response function of persons without known vision deficiencies.
2. The system of claim 1 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter of global orientation of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
3. The system of claim 1 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter of local orientation of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
4. The system of claim 1 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter of the number of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
5. The system of claim 1 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter of contrast of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
6. The system of claim 1 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter of spatial frequency of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
7. The system of claim 1 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter of duration time of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
8. The system of claim 1 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter size of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
9. The system of claim 1 , the processor configured to provide to the person one or more treatment sessions for improving identified deficiencies, inefficiencies, or both, in said neuronal functions of the person's visual cortex, the one or more treatment sessions including
the processor and image generator generating visual stimuli arrangements, each arrangement comprising one or more target images each flanked by one or more flanking images of similar configuration as the respective target image designed to modify levels of neuronal facilitation and/or suppression in the person's visual cortex;
the input device receiving responses from the person indicating detection or discrimination of the target images in the respective visual stimuli arrangements; and
the processor comparing the person's responses with prior responses received from the person to the same or similar visual stimuli arrangements weighted with selected normative responses to such visual stimuli arrangements, wherein at least some of the visual stimuli arrangements are based at least partly on results of a preceding comparison, until a sufficient number of responses are received from the person so that improvement in deficiencies, inefficiencies, or both, in neuronal interactions of the person's visual cortex may be identified by comparing a function of the person's responses to a normative response function of persons without known vision deficiencies.
10. The system of claim 9 , the processor further configured to measure a level of neuronal performance in the person's visual cortex.
11. The system of claim 10 , the processor further configured to identify a level of neuronal performance in the person's visual cortex at which further improvement in the neuronal performance is unlikely.
12. A method for identifying deficiencies, inefficiencies, or both, in neuronal interactions of a person's visual cortex, the method comprising:
(a) providing to the person visual stimuli comprising an arrangement of one or more target images each flanked by one or more flanking images of similar configuration as the respective target image, the arrangement designed to induce a level of neuronal facilitation and suppression in the person's visual cortex; the arrangement comprising a parameter of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images;
(b) receiving from the person a response to the visual stimuli provided in step (a), the response indicating detection or discrimination by the person of the one or more target images; and
(c) providing further visual stimuli to the person based at least in part on the response received in step (b), the further visual stimuli comprising a further arrangement of one or more target images each flanked by a pair of flanking images of similar configuration as the respective target image and designed to induce a different level of facilitation and suppression in the person's visual cortex than the visual stimuli provided in step (a); said steps (a)–(c) being repeated until responses to a sufficient number of facilitation and suppression levels are received from the person such that deficiencies, inefficiencies, or both, in neuronal interactions of the person's visual cortex may be identified by comparing a function of the person's responses to a normative response function of persons without known vision deficiencies.
13. The method of claim 12 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter of global orientation of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
14. The method of claim 12 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising parameter of local orientation of the respective target images and the one or more flanking images.
15. The method of claim 12 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter of the number of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
16. The method of claim 12 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter of contrast of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
17. The method of claim 12 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter of spatial frequency of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
18. The method of claim 12 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter of duration time of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
19. The method of claim 12 , the visual stimuli arrangements comprising a parameter of size of the one or more target images and the respective flanking images.
20. The method of claim 12 , further comprising providing to the person one or more treatment sessions for improving identified deficiencies, inefficiencies, or both, in said neuronal functions of the person's visual cortex, the one or more treatment sessions including:
(d) providing to the person a plurality of visual stimuli arrangements, each arrangement comprising one or more target images each flanked by a pair of flanking images designed to modify levels of neuronal facilitation and/or suppression in the person's visual cortex;
(e) receiving responses from the person indicating detection or discrimination of the target images in the respective visual stimuli arrangements;
(f) comparing the person's responses with prior response received from the person to the same or similar visual stimuli arrangements; and
(g) repeating steps (d)–(f), the visual stimuli arrangements provided in each step (d) based at least partly on results of the preceding comparison step (f), until a sufficient number of responses are received from the person so that improvement in deficiencies, inefficiencies, or both, in neuronal interactions of the person's visual cortex may be identified by comparing a function of the person's responses to a normative response function of persons without known vision deficiencies.
21. The method of claim 20 , further comprising measuring a level of neuronal performance in the person's visual cortex.
22. The method of claim 21 , further comprising identifying a level of neuronal performance in the person's visual cortex at which further improvement in the neuronal performance is unlikely.