Purposeful movement of human migratory cells away from an agent source
This invention relates to methods and compositions for modulating movement of eukaryotic cells with migratory capacity. More specifically, the invention relates to methods and compositions for modulating movement of cells of hematopoietic, neural, epithelial, or mesenchymal origin, in a specific site in a subject. The foregoing are useful, inter alia, in the treatment of conditions characterized by a need to modulate migratory-cell movement associated with specific sites in a subject. More specifically, specific sites include sites of inflammation and modulation of migratory-cell movement is movement away from an agent source, or repulsion. Other sites include tumor sites, sites of pathogenic infection, and germ cell bearing sites.
1. A method for screening a stromal-cell-derived fugetactic agent, comprising
(a) preparing a culture of stromal-cells,
(b) isolating a supematant suspected of containing a fugetactic agent from the culture of step (a);
(c) fractionating the supernatant into a plurality of fractions,
(d) contacting a fraction from the plurality of fractions with a cell with migratory capacity,
(e) measuring movement of the cell with migratory capacity, and
(f) determining whether the movement of the cell with migratory capacity is movement from the fraction, wherein movement of the cell with migratory capacity away from the fraction is indicative of the presence of a fugetgactic agent in the fraction.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stromal-cells are thymic stromal-cells and the cell with migratory capacity is a hematopoietic cell.
3. The method claim 2 , wherein the hematopoietic cell is a mature T cell.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stromal-cells are isolated from an immune-priviliged tissue.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the cell with migratory capacity is a hematopoietic cell.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fraction from the plurality of fractions is undiluted or concentrated.
7. A method of screening for fugetactic agents, comprising:
(a) contacting an agent suspected of being a fugetactic agent with a cell with migratory capacity, said agent selected from the group consisting of a chemokine, polypeptide, antibody and antibody fragment, wherein the agent suspected of being a fugetactic agent is known to be a chemoattractant at a defined concentration;
(b) measuring movement of said cell relative to the agent at selected concentration gradients, and
(c) determining whether or not the movement of said cell is movement away from the agent at an identified concentration in the gradient, wherein movement of the cell away from the agent at the identified concentration gradient of said agent is indicative of the agent being a fugetactic agent when the cell is exposed to the agent at that concentration and the fugetactic agent is present at a concentration higher than the defined concentration.
8. A method of screening for fugetactic agents, comprising:
(a) contacting an antibody fragment-suspected of being a fugetactic agent with a cell with migratory capacity, said antibody fragment is selected from the group consisting of Fab, F(ab) 2 , CDR3 fragment and mixtures thereof;
(b) measuring movement of said cell relative to theantibody fragment at selected concentration gradients, and
(c) determining whether or not the movement of said cell is movement away from the antibody fragment at an identified concentration in the gradient, wherein movement of the cell away from the antibody fragment at the identified concentration gradient of said antibody fragment is indicative of the antibody fragment being a fugetactic agent when the cell is exposed to the antibody fragment at that concentration.
9. A method of screening for fugetactic agents, comprising:
(a) contacting an agent suspected of being a fugetactic agent with a cell with migratory capacity, said agent is obtained from a biological fluid that is HepG2 cell isolate or thymic stroma conditioned medium (TSCM);
(b) measuring movement of said cell relative to the agent at selected concentration gradients, and
(c) determining whether or not the movement of said cell is movement away from the agent at an identified concentration in the gradient, wherein movement of the cell away from the agent at the identified concentration gradient of said agent is indicative of the agent being a fugetactic agent when the cell is exposed to the agent at that concentration.
10. A method of screening for fugetactic agents, comprising:
(a) contacting a polypeptide suspected of being a fugetactic agent with a cell with migratory capacity, said polypeptide selected from the group consisting of vMIP I, vMIP-II, inter-aipha-trypsin heavy chain II precursor (ITI H2), hMIP-1a and hMIP;
(b) measuring movement of said cell relative to the polypeptide at selected concentration gradients, and
(c) determining whether or not the movement of said cell is movement away from the polypeptide at an identified concentration in the gradient, wherein movement of the cell away from the polypeptide at the identified concentration gradient is indicative of the polypeptide being a fugetactic agent when the cell is exposed to the polypeptide at that concentration.
11. A method of screening for fugetactic agents, comprising:
(a) contacting a CXCR-4 ligand suspected of being a fugetactic agent with a cell with migratory capacity, said CXCR4 ligand selected from the group consisting of HIV-I IIIB , gpl120, T134, MD3100, and (tyr5,12,lys7)-polyphemusin II;
(b) measuring movement of said cell relative to the CXCR-4 ligand at selected concentration gradients, and
(c) determining whether or not the movement of said cell is movement away from the CXCR-4 ligand at an identified concentration in the gradient, wherein movement of the cell away from the CXCR-4 ligand at the identified concentration gradient is indicative of the CXCR-4 ligand being a fugetactic agent when the cell is exposed to the agent at that concentration.
12. A method of screening for fugetactic agents, comprising:
(a) contacting a chemokine with a cell with migratory capacity;
(b) measuring movement of said cell relative to the chemokine at selected concentration gradients, and
(c) determining whether or not the movement of said cell is movement away from the chemokine at an identified concentration in the gradient, wherein movement of the cell away from the chemokine at the identified concentration gradient of said chemokine is indicative of the-chemokine being a fugetactic agent when the cell is exposed to the chemokine at that concentration.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the chemokine is SDF-1 a.