Modular wireless fixed network for wide-area metering data collection and meter module apparatus
View Patent ↗A one way direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) communications wide-area network is the data collection channel (uplink) of an automatic meter reading (AMR) system, and a paging network, or other suitable communication channel is the optional forward (downlink) channel. The communications network may include one-way meter modules (transmitters) each communicatively coupled to a corresponding electric, gas or water utility meter, and may include two-way meter modules (transceivers) each coupled to such a corresponding utility meter. The meter modules monitor, store, encode and periodically transmit metering data via radio signals (air messages) in an appropriate RF channel. Metering data air messages are collected by a network of receiver Base Stations (BS) and forwarded to a Data Operations Center (DOC), which acts as a metering data gateway. The reception range of each base station is typically over 5 miles in urban areas, allowing sparse infrastructure deployment for a wide variety of metering data collection applications.
1. A scalable and modular fixed-base wireless network system for wide-area metering data collection comprising:
multiple meter modules for monitoring, storing, encoding and periodically transmitting metering data;
multiple base stations for receiving, decoding, storing and forwarding metering data; and
a data operations center, which communicates with said receiver base station and receives decoded metering data from the base station, said data operations center processing, validating and storing metering data in a database that it maintains for meter modules operating in the network system, wherein:
the number of base stations being selected in accordance with frequency channels used in the network system and meter module message bit rate to optimize message delivery probability, metering data latency and meter module battery life.
2. The network system of claim 1 , wherein said data operations center is connected to export or forward metering data.
3. The network system of claim 1 , wherein said multiple meter modules includes a direct sequence spread spectrum radio frequency transmitter for transmitting metering data messages via radio signals.
4. The network system of claim 3 , wherein said radio frequency is between 800 MHz and 1000 MHz.
5. The network system of claim 1 , wherein said multiple meter modules include a one-way meter module.
6. The network system of claim 1 , wherein said multiple meter modules include a two-way meter module.
7. The network system of claim 6 , further including a wireless downlink channel to provide service to two-way meter modules that may be operating in the network, enabling time synchronization and other commands to be sent to two-way meter modules.
8. The network system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of said multiple meter modules is a one-way meter module and at least one is a two-way meter module.
9. The network system of claim 1 , wherein said metering data includes interval consumption data.
10. The network system of claim 1 , further including at least one network transceiver/relay device to enhance network coverage in an area of poor or no initial coverage, said at least one transceiver/relay device operating to retransmit messages only from designated meter modules, identified either by module identification number or by an appropriate flag in the transmitted metering data.
11. A scalable and modular fixed-base wireless network system for wide-area metering data collection comprising:
at least one meter module for monitoring, storing, encoding and periodically transmitting metering data;
at least one base station for receiving, decoding, storing and forwarding metering data; and
a data operations center, which communicates with said receiver base station and receives decoded metering data from the base station, said data operations center processing, validating and storing metering data in a database that it maintains for meter modules operating in the network system, wherein:
said at least one meter module includes sensor means, data storage and processing means, a direct sequence spread spectrum transmitter, and an antenna, all within the same physical enclosure, and
said at least one meter module further includes a power supply in which a capacitive element and a limited current source are combined to allow high output power during a short transmission burst, the capacitive element and the limited current source imposing a physical limitation on the charge time of the capacitive element and thus the transmission duty cycle to reduce interference that may be caused by a malfunctioning meter module.
12. The network system of claim 11 , wherein said sensing means comprises two sensors to detect rotation, located so that at any given time, no more than one sensor may be at a closed switch status.
13. The network system of claim 12 , where said meter module further includes circuitry for each of said sensors, said circuitry being responsive to a closed switch status of a sensor to immediately disable circuitry corresponding to the sensor having the closed switch status while simultaneously enabling circuitry corresponding to the other switch, whereby near zero current is drawn by the sensors at all times.