Avirulent, immunogenic flavivirus chimeras
Chimeric flaviviruses that are avirulent and immunogenic are provided. The chimeric viruses are constructed to contain amino acid mutations in the nonstructural proteins of a flavivirus. Chimeric viruses containing the attenuation-mutated nonstructural genes of the virus are used as a backbone into which the structural protein genes of a second flavivirus strain are inserted. These chimeric viruses elicit pronounced immunogenicity yet lack the accompanying clinical symptoms of viral disease. The attenuated chimeric viruses are effective as immunogens or vaccines and may be combined in a pharmaceutical composition to confer simultaneous immunity against several strains of pathogenic flaviviruses.
1. A nucleic acid chimera comprising a first nucleotide sequence encoding nonstructural proteins from attenuated dengue-2 virus vaccine strain PDK-53, and a second nucleotide sequence encoding a structural protein from a second flavivirus, wherein the structural protein is selected from the group consisting of an E protein of dengue-3 virus, a C protein of dengue-3 virus with an E protein of dengue-3 virus, and a prM protein of dengue-3 virus with an E protein of dengue-3 virus, and wherein the E protein of dengue-3 virus contains a leucine at amino acid position 345.
2. A nucleic acid chimera comprising a first nucleotide sequence encoding nonstructural proteins from attenuated dengue-2 virus vaccine strain PDK-53, and a second nucleotide sequence encoding a structural protein from a second flavivirus, wherein the structural protein is selected from the group consisting of an E protein of dengue-4 virus, a C protein of dengue-4 virus with an E protein of dengue-4 virus, and a prM protein of dengue-4 virus with an E protein of dengue-4 virus, and wherein the E protein of dengue-4 virus contains a leucine at amino acid position 447.
3. The nucleic acid chimera of claim 2 , further comprising a C protein of dengue-2 virus and the C protein contains a serine at position 100.
4. The nucleic acid chimera of claim 3 , further comprising a valine at position 364 of the E protein.
5. A nucleic acid chimera comprising a first nucleotide sequence encoding nonstructural proteins from attenuated dengue-2 virus vaccine strain PDK-53, and a second nucleotide sequence encoding a structural protein from a second flavivirus, wherein the structural protein is selected from the group consisting of a C protein of dengue-3 virus, a prM protein of dengue-3 virus, an E protein of dengue-3 virus or any combination thereof, and wherein the E protein contains a leucine at position 345.
6. A nucleic acid chimera comprising a first nucleotide sequence encoding nonstructural proteins from attenuated dengue-2 virus vaccine strain PDK-53, and a second, nucleotide sequence encoding a structural protein from a second flavivirus, wherein the structural protein is selected from the group consisting of a C protein of dengue-4 virus, a prM protein of dengue-4 virus, an E protein of dengue-4 virus or any combination thereof, wherein the E protein of dengue-4 virus contains a leucine at amino acid position 447 and a valine at position 364, and wherein the nucleic acid chimera further comprises a C protein of dengue-2 virus and the C protein of dengue-2 virus contains a serine at position 100.