Polymers and their use
View Patent ↗A substituted polysaccharide comprising β 1-4 linkages having covalently bonded on the polysaccharide moiety thereof, at least one deposition enhancing group which undergoes a chemical change in water at a use temperature to increase the affinity of the substituted polysaccharide to a substrate, the substituted polysaccharide further comprising one or more independently selected silicone chains.
1. A substituted polysaccharide comprising β 1-4 linkages having covalently bonded on the polysaccharide moiety thereof, at least one deposition enhancing group which undergoes a chemical change in water at a use temperature to increase the affinity of the substituted polysaccharide to a substrate, the substituted polysaccharide further comprising one or more independently selected silicone chains;
wherein the silicone chain(s) is or are independently selected from those of formula:
wherein L is absent or is a linking group and one or two of substituents G 1 -G 3 is a methyl group, the remainder being selected from groups of formula
the —Si(CH 3 ) 2 O— groups and the —Si(CH 3 O)(G 4 )- groups being arranged in random or block fashion;
wherein n is from 5 to 1000, and m is from 0 to 100,
G 4 is selected from groups of formula:
—(CH 2 ) p —CH 3 , where p is from 1 to 18
—(CH 2 ) q —NH—(CH 2 ) r ,—NH 2 where q and r are independently from 1 to 3
—(CH 2 ) s —NH 2 , where s is from 1 to 3
where t is from 1 to 3
—(CH 2 ) u —COOH, where u is from 1 to 10,
where v is from 1 to 10, and
—(CH 2 CH 2 O) w —(CH 2 ) x H, where w is from 1 to 150, and x is from 0 to 10;
and G 5 is independently selected from hydrogen, groups defined above for G 4 , —OH, —CH 3 and —C(CH 3 ) 3 .
2. The substituted polysaccharide of claim 1 , wherein the average degree of substitution of the silicone chain(s) is from 0.001 to 0.5.
3. The substituted polysaccharide of claim 1 wherein the substituted polysaccharide comprises only β 1-4 linkages.
4. The substituted polysaccharide of claim 1 wherein the substituted polysaccharide comprises additional linkages.
5. The substituted polysaccharide of claim 4 wherein the substituted polysaccharide comprises β 1-4 and β 1-3 linkages.
6. The substituted polysaccharide of claim 5 wherein the weight ratio of β 1-3 and β 1-4 linkages is from 1:100 to 1:2.
7. The substituted polysaccharide of claim 1 , where L is selected from the group consisting of amide linkages, ester linkages, ether linkages, urethane linkages, triazine linkages, carbonate linkages, amine linkages and ester-alkylene linkages.
8. The substituted polysaccharide of claim 1 , wherein the chemical change is hydrolysis, perhydrolysis or bond-cleavage.
9. The substituted polysaccharide of claim 1 , wherein the group(s) which undergo the chemical change comprise one or more groups attached via an ester linkage to the polysaccharide.
10. The substituted polysaccharide of claim 1 , having the general formula (1):
wherein at least one or more —OR groups of the polymer are independently substituted or replaced by silicone chains and at least one or more R groups are independently selected from groups of formulae:
wherein each R 1 is independently selected from C 1-20 alkyl, C 2-20 alkenyl and C 5-7 aryl any of which is optionally substituted by one or more substituents independently selected from C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-12 alkoxy, hydroxyl, vinyl and phenyl groups;
each R 2 is independently selected from hydrogen and groups R 1 as hereinbefore defined;
R 3 is a bond or is selected from C 1-4 alkylene, C 2-4 alkenylene and C 5-7 arylene groups, the carbon atoms in any of these being optionally substituted by one or more substituents independently selected from C 1-12 alkoxy, vinyl, hydroxyl, halo and amine groups;
each R 4 is independently selected from hydrogen, counter cations, and groups R 1 as hereinbefore defined;
groups R which together with the oxygen atom forming the linkage to the respective saccharide ring forms an ester or hemi-ester group of a tricarboxylic- or higher polycarboxylic- or other complex acid selected from the group consisting of citric acid, an amino acid, or a combination thereof;
and n is the number of repeat units in the polysaccharide and is selected so that the number average molecular weight of the polysaccharide is in the range of 1,000 to 200,000.
11. The substituted polysaccharide of claim 9 wherein the ester-linked group(s) is/are selected from carboxylic acid esters.
12. The substituted polyssaccharide of claims 9 , wherein the ester-linked group(s) is/are independently selected from one or more of acetate, propanoate, trifluroacetate, 2-(2-hydroxy-1-oxopropoxy) propanoate, lactate, glycolate, pyruvate, crotonate, isovalerate, cinnamate, formate, salicylate, carbamate, methylcarbamate, benzoate, gluconate, methanesulphonate, toluene sulphonate, groups and hemiester groups of fumaric, malonic, itaconic, oxalic, maleic, succinic, tartaric, aspartic, glutamic, and malic acids.
13. The substituted polysaccharide of claim 1 , wherein the average degree of substitution on the saccharide rings of the groups which undergo the chemical change is from 0.1 to 3.
14. A method of depositing a silicone onto a substrate, the method comprising contacting in an aqueous solution, the substrate and a substituted polysaccharide comprising β 1-4 linkages having covalently bonded on the polysaccharide moiety thereof, at least one deposition enhancing group which undergoes a chemical change in water at a use temperature to increase the affinity of the substituted polysaccharide to a substrate, the substituted polysaccharide further comprising one or more independently selected silicone chains; and
wherein the silicone chain(s) is or are independently selected from those of formula:
wherein L is absent or is a linking group and one or two of substituents G 1 -G 3 is a methyl group, the remainder being selected from groups of formula
the —Si(CH 3 ) 2 O— groups and the —Si(CH 3 O)(G 4 )- groups being arranged in random or block fashion;
wherein n is from 5 to 1000, and m is from 0 to 100,
G 4 is selected from groups of formula:
—(CH 2 ) p —CH 3 , where p is from 1 to 18
—(CH 2 ) q —NH—(CH 2 ) r ,—NH 2 where q and r are independently from 1 to 3
—(CH 2 ) s —NH 2 , where s is from 1 to 3
where t is from 1 to 3
—(CH 2 ) u —COOH, where u is from 1 to 10,
where v is from 1 to 10, and
—(CH 2 CH 2 O) w —(CH 2 ) x H, where w is from 1 to 150, and x is from 0 to 10;
and G 5 is independently selected from hydrogen, groups defined above for G 4 , —OH, —CH 3 and —C(CH 3 ) 3 .
15. A composition comprising a substituted polysaccharide comprising β 1-4 linkages having covalently bonded on the polysaccharide moiety thereof, at least one deposition enhancing group which undergoes a chemical change in water at a use temperature to increase the affinity of the substituted polysaccharide to a substrate, the substituted polysaccharide further comprising one or more independently selected silicone chains and at least one further component; and
wherein the silicone chain(s) is or are independently selected from those of formula:
wherein L is absent or is a linking group and one or two of substituents G 1 -G 3 is a methyl group, the remainder being selected from groups of formula
the —Si(CH 3 ) 2 O— groups and the —Si(CH 3 O)(G 4 )- groups being arranged in random or block fashion;
wherein n is from 5 to 1000, and m is from 0 to 100,
G 4 is selected from groups of formula:
—(CH 2 ) p —CH 3 , where p is from 1 to 18
—(CH 2 ) q —NH—(CH 2 ) r ,—NH 2 where q and r are independently from 1 to 3
—(CH 2 ) s —NH 2 , where s is from 1 to 3
where t is from 1 to 3
—(CH 2 ) u —COOH, where u is from 1 to 10,
where v is from 1 to 10, and
—(CH 2 CH 2 O) w —(CH 2 ) x H, where w is from 1 to 150, and x is from 0 to 10;
and G 5 is independently selected from hydrogen, groups defined above for G 4 , —OH, —CH 3 and —C(CH 3 ) 3 .
16. A composition of claim 15 , in which the further component comprises a surfactant.
17. The composition of claim 15 , comprising from 0.01% to 25%, by weight of the substituted polysaccharide comprising β 1-4 linkages having covalently bonded on the polysaccharide moiety thereof, at least one deposition enhancing group which undergoes a chemical change in water at a use temperature to increase the affinity of the substituted polysaccharide to a substrate, the substituted polysaccharide further comprising one or more independently selected silicone chains.
18. A method of enhancing the softening benefit of the composition on a substrate, the method comprising the application of a substituted polysaccharide comprising β 1-4 linkages having covalently bonded on the polysaccharide moiety thereof, at least one deposition enhancing group which undergoes a chemical change in water at a use temperature to increase the affinity of the substituted polysaccharide to a substrate, the substituted polysaccharide further comprising one or more independently selected silicone chains, onto a substrate; and
wherein the silicone chain(s) is or are independently selected from those of formula:
wherein L is absent or is a linking group and one or two of substituents G 1 -G 3 is a methyl group, the remainder being selected from groups of formula
the —Si(CH 3 ) 2 O— groups and the —Si(CH 3 O)(G 4 )- groups being arranged in random or block fashion;
wherein n is from 5 to 1000, and m is from 0 to 100,
G 4 is selected from groups of formula:
—(CH 2 ) p —CH 3 , where p is from 1 to 18
—(CH 2 ) q —NH—(CH 2 ) r ,—NH 2 where q and r are independently from 1 to 3
—(CH 2 ) s —NH 2 , where s is from 1 to 3
where t is from 1 to 3
—(CH 2 ) u —COOH, where u is from 1 to 10,
where v is from 1 to 10, and
—(CH 2 CH 2 O) w —(CH 2 ) x H, where w is from 1 to 150, and x from 0 to 10;
and G 5 is independently selected from hydrogen, groups defined above for G 4 , —OH, —CH 3 and —C(CH 3 ) 3 .
19. The substituted polysaccharide of claim 1 where w is from 10 to 20.
20. The method of claim 14 where w is from 10 to 20.
21. The method of claim 15 where w is from 10 to 20.
22. The method of claim 18 where w is from 10 to 20.