Fluoromonomers, fluoropolymers, methods of preparing them, and their application to various surfaces and substrates
View Patent ↗This invention relates to compositions, and methods for producing compositions, for increasing oil repellency, water repellency, or both, of fabric or fibers, containing: (a) an effective amount of a repellent polymer selected from the group consisting of homopolymers and copolymers of one or more monomers having formula I: R f —(CH 2 ) n —P (I) wherein P is a polymerizable or copolymerizable moiety; and (b) a fluorinated carbon solvent.
1. A composition for increasing oil repellency, water repellency, or both, of fabric or fibers, comprising:
an effective amount of a copolymer comprising one or more monomers having formula I:
R f —(CH 2 ) n —P (I)
wherein R f is a straight chain or branched perfluoroalkyl group, P is a polymerizable moiety and n is an integer from 1 to 3; and
one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of dimethylmetaisopropenylbenzylisocyanate, 2-isocyanoethyl methacrylate, and methallyl isothiocyanate.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein P has the formula
—OC(O)—X—R 1 (II)
wherein X is a direct bond or —NH—, R 1 is a straight chain or branched alkenyl, or aryl group substituted with an unsaturated carbon chain.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein n is 1.
4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein R 1 is an alkenyl moiety having between 2 and 10 carbon atoms.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein R f contains between 2 and 15 carbon atoms.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein R f has 9 carbon atoms.
7. The composition of claim 2 , wherein R 1 —X—C(O)O— is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and maleic acid.
8. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a fluorinated carbon solvent.
9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the fluorinated carbon solvent comprises 2,3-dihydrodecafluoropentane.
10. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the fluorinated carbon solvent further comprises chloroethylene.
11. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the chloroethylene comprises trans-1,2-dichloroethylene.
12. A method preparing an oil repellent, water repellent, or oil and water repellent composition, comprising:
copolymerizing a fluorinated monomer having formula (I):
R f —(CH 2 ) n —P (I)
wherein R f is a straight chain or branched perfluoroalkyl group, P is a polymerizable moiety and n is an integer from 1 to 3; and
one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of dimethylmetaisopropenylbenzylisocyanate, 2-isocyanoethyl methacrylate, and methallyl isothiocyanate.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein P has the formula
—OC(O)—X—R 1 (II)
wherein X is a direct bond or —NH—, R 1 is a straight chain or branched alkenyl, or aryl group substituted with an unsaturated carbon chain.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the copolymerization is conducted in a fluorocarbon polymerization solvent.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the fluorocarbon polymerization solvent comprises fluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, or mixtures thereof.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein polymerization solvent comprises 2,3-dihydrodecafluoropentane.
17. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the polymerization solvent further comprises chloroethylene.
18. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the chloroethylene comprises trans-1,2-dichloroethylene.