Process for reducing the corrosion of a component of a nuclear facility, and component of a nuclear facility
The corrosion of a component in a water-guiding loop of a nuclear facility is reduced. A protective layer is produced with a sol-gel process. Prior to the sol application, water that wettens the component is removed from the conduction system and the component is optionally dried in a separate step. After the sol-gel process has been carried out, the conduction system is again filled with water. A liquid sol film that is produced on the component is dried, especially by means of hot air. A component in the primary system of a boiling water reactor can especially be coated with a highly corrosion-resistant zirconium oxide protective layer according to the sol-gel process.
1. A method of reducing a corrosion susceptibility of a water-carrying stainless-steel component in a primary circuit of a boiling water reactor, which comprises:
providing a water-carrying stainless-steel component in a primary circuit of a boiling water reactor in a nuclear facility; and
forming a foreign oxide layer containing an oxide of a metal from the fourth subgroup of the periodic table of elements on the component by applying a liquid sol film to the component and subsequently drying the sol film at a drying temperature less than 350° C. to form a sol-gel.
2. The method according to claim 1 , which comprises, prior to carrying out the sol-gel process, removing water wetting the component from a system of lines, and following the sol-gel process, refilling a system of lines with water.
3. The method according to claim 2 , which further comprises drying the component prior to the sol-gel process.
4. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises:
forming the foreign oxide layer as a first sol-gel layer; and
forming a second sol-gel layer on the first sol-gel layer, the second sol-gel layer containing an oxide of a metal from the fourth subgroup of the periodic table of elements on the component by applying a liquid sol film to the component and subsequently drying the sol film at a drying temperature less than 350° C. to form the sol-gel.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the applying step includes spraying the sol film on the component.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the applying step comprises introducing a sol into an interior of a system of lines, from which water has been removed, bringing the sol in contact with the component, and removing the sol from the interior, thus forming the sol film on the component.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the removing step comprises one of draining the sol and pumping the sol out of the interior.
8. The method according to claim 6 , which comprises removing the sol from the interior such that a sol level in the interior falls at a rate between 0.5 cm/min and 100 cm/min.
9. The method according to claim 8 , which comprises adjusting a removal rate to between 30 cm/min and 60 cm/min.
10. The method according to claim 6 , which comprises removing the sol from the interior at a constant rate.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the drying step comprises drying the sol film at a temperature greater than ambient room temperature.
12. The method according to claim 11 , which comprises setting a drying temperature to less than 250° C.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the drying step comprises increasing a temperature from a starting temperature to a final temperature.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the starting temperature is an ambient room temperature.
15. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the final temperature is less than 300° C.
16. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the final temperature is less than 250° C.
17. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the step of drying the sol film comprises circulating air in a system of lines.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the foreign oxide layer contains a metal selected from the group consisting of zirconium and titanium.
19. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sol is a solution of a metal alkoxide in an alcohol, and water.
20. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal alkoxide is zirconium tetra-n-propoxide (Zr(OC 3 H 7 ) 4 ), the alcohol is n-propanol, and the optional component, if present, is acetic acid.
21. The method according to claim 1 , which comprises applying the protective layer to a native oxide layer of the component.
22. The method according to claim 1 , which comprises applying the protective layer to a native oxide layer of the component formed during reactor operation.
23. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the component is formed of a material selected from the group consisting of unalloyed steel, low-alloy steel, chromium steel, chromium-nickel steel, and a nickel-based alloy.
24. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the applying step includes spraying the sol film and spreading the sol film on the component.
25. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sol is a solution of a metal alkoxide in an alcohol, and a organic acid.